N6-甲きのえ基はじめ腺せん苷

N6-甲きのえ基はじめ腺せん苷
	IUPAC名めい; N-Methyladenosine
别名	m6A
识别
CAS号ごう	1867-73-8
PubChem	102175
ChemSpider	92307
SMILES	n2c1c(ncnc1NC)n(c2)[C@@H]3O[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H]3O)CO;
ChEBI	21891
性せい质
化学かがく式しき	C11H15N5O4
摩ま尔质量りょう	281.27 g·mol−1
	若わか非ひ注ちゅう明あかり，所有しょゆう数すう据すえ均ひとし出自しゅつじ标准状じょう态（25 ℃，100 kPa）下した。

N⁶-甲きのえ基はじめ腺せん苷（N⁶-Methyladenosine，簡稱m⁶A）是これ真ま核かく生物せいぶつ細胞さいぼう mRNA中ちゅう最さい常見つねみ的てき修飾しゅうしょく，也見於tRNA、rRNA、snRNA和わlncRNA（如Xist（英えい语：XIST））等とう其他種しゅRNA，細胞さいぼうRNA中ちゅう約やく有ゆう0.1%至いたり0.4%的てき腺せん苷（A）位い點てん具有ぐゆう此修飾しゅうしょく^[1]。m6A最早もはや在ざい1970年代ねんだい即そく被ひ發現はつげん，但ただし未知みち其功能のう^[2]^[3]，近年きんねん隨ずい著ちょ其修飾しゅうしょく酶（writer）、去さ修飾しゅうしょく酶（eraser）和かず識別しきべつ蛋白たんぱく（reader）的てき發現はつげん，其修飾しゅうしょく機き制せい與あずか功こう能のう逐漸明朗めいろう。m6A是ぜ由一ゆいち甲きのえ基はじめ轉移てんい酶（英えい语：Methyltransferase）複ふく合體がったい修飾しゅうしょく，複ふく合體がったい包括ほうかつMETTL3、METTL14（英えい语：METTL14）、WTAP（英えい语：WTAP (gene)）、RBM15、KIAA1429與あずかMETTL5等とう，可か將しょうS-腺せん苷甲硫氨酸さん（SAM）上じょう的てき甲きのえ基はじめ轉移てんい到いたRNA的てき腺せん苷上^[1]；FTO蛋白たんぱく與あずかALKBH5（英えい语：AlkB homolog 5, RNA demethylase）則のり為ためm6A去さ甲きのえ基はじめ酶，可か移うつり除じょRNA上じょうm6A的てき甲きのえ基はじめ^[1]；具ぐYTH結構けっこう域いき（YT521-B homology domain）的てき蛋白たんぱく（YTHDF1、YTHDF2、YTHDF3和わYTHDC1（英えい语：YTHDC1）等ひとし）、IGF2BP1（英えい语：IGF2BP1）、IGF2BP2（英えい语：IGF2BP2）、IGF2BP3（英えい语：IGF2BP3）、FMR1（英えい语：FMR1）和わRBMX（英えい语：RBMX）等とう蛋白たんぱく可か與あずかmRNA上うえ的てきm6A結合けつごう，為ため其識別べつ蛋白たんぱく，因いん蛋白たんぱく種類しゅるい和わRNA序列じょれつ而異可か促進そくしん或ある抑制よくせい其轉てん譯やく、降くだ解かい、剪接等ひとし^[1]。研究けんきゅうm6A轉てん錄ろく組ぐみ的てき技術ぎじゅつ包括ほうかつm6A測はか序じょ（m6A Seq ）、mRNA甲きのえ基はじめ化か测序（MeRIP-seq）、m6A-CLIP（英えい语：Cross-linking immunoprecipitation）與あずかSCARLET等ひとし^[1]。有數ゆうすう種しゅ癌がん症しょう與あずかm6A修飾しゅうしょく的てき異常いじょう有ゆう關せき^[4]^[5]^[6]。除じょ真ま核かく生物せいぶつ外がい，許多きょたRNA病毒びょうどく也具有ぐゆうm6A修飾しゅうしょく，可能かのう與あずか其感染かんせん、複製ふくせい有ゆう關せき^[7]^[8]^[9]。

參考さんこう文獻ぶんけん

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 Zhang C, Fu J, Zhou Y. A Review in Research Progress Concerning m6A Methylation and Immunoregulation.. Front Immunol. 2019, 10: 922. PMC 6497756 . PMID 31080453. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.00922.
^ Adams JM, Cory S. Modified nucleosides and bizarre 5'-termini in mouse myeloma mRNA. Nature. 1975, 255 (5503): 28–33. Bibcode:1975Natur.255...28A. PMID 1128665. doi:10.1038/255028a0.
^ Desrosiers R, Friderici K, Rottman F. Identification of methylated nucleosides in messenger RNA from Novikoff hepatoma cells. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 1974, 71 (10): 3971–5. Bibcode:1974PNAS...71.3971D. PMC 434308 . PMID 4372599. doi:10.1073/pnas.71.10.3971.
^ Akilzhanova A, Nurkina Z, Momynaliev K, Ramanculov E, Zhumadilov Z, Zhumadilov Z, Rakhypbekov T, Hayashida N, Nakashima M, Takamura N. Genetic profile and determinants of homocysteine levels in Kazakhstan patients with breast cancer. Anticancer Research. 2013, 33 (9): 4049–59. PMID 24023349.
^ Reddy SM, Sadim M, Li J, Yi N, Agarwal S, Mantzoros CS, Kaklamani VG. Clinical and genetic predictors of weight gain in patients diagnosed with breast cancer (PDF). British Journal of Cancer. 2013, 109 (4): 872–81 [2021-05-03]. PMC 3749587 . PMID 23922112. doi:10.1038/bjc.2013.441. （原始げんし内容ないよう存そん档 (PDF)于2021-05-03）.
^ Heiliger KJ, Hess J, Vitagliano D, Salerno P, Braselmann H, Salvatore G, Ugolini C, Summerer I, Bogdanova T, Unger K, Thomas G, Santoro M, Zitzelsberger H. Novel candidate genes of thyroid tumourigenesis identified in Trk-T1 transgenic mice. Endocrine-Related Cancer. 2012, 19 (3): 409–21. PMID 22454401. doi:10.1530/ERC-11-0387.
^ Kennedy EM, Bogerd HP, Kornepati AV, Kang D, Ghoshal D, Marshall JB, Poling BC, Tsai K, Gokhale NS, Horner SM, Cullen BR. Posttranscriptional m(6)A Editing of HIV-1 mRNAs Enhances Viral Gene Expression. Cell Host & Microbe. May 2016, 19 (5): 675–85. PMC 4867121 . PMID 27117054. doi:10.1016/j.chom.2016.04.002.
^ Tirumuru N, Zhao BS, Lu W, Lu Z, He C, Wu L. N(6)-methyladenosine of HIV-1 RNA regulates viral infection and HIV-1 Gag protein expression. eLife. 2016, 5. PMC 4961459 . PMID 27371828. doi:10.7554/eLife.15528.
^ Lichinchi G, Gao S, Saletore Y, Gonzalez GM, Bansal V, Wang Y, Mason CE, Rana TM. Dynamics of the human and viral m(6)A RNA methylomes during HIV-1 infection of T cells. Nature Microbiology. 2016, 1 (4): 16011. PMC 6053355 . PMID 27572442. doi:10.1038/nmicrobiol.2016.11.

[pmid31080453-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 Zhang C, Fu J, Zhou Y. A Review in Research Progress Concerning m6A Methylation and Immunoregulation.. Front Immunol. 2019, 10: 922. PMC 6497756 . PMID 31080453. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.00922.

[pmid1128665-2] Adams JM, Cory S. Modified nucleosides and bizarre 5'-termini in mouse myeloma mRNA. Nature. 1975, 255 (5503): 28–33. Bibcode:1975Natur.255...28A. PMID 1128665. doi:10.1038/255028a0.

[pmid4372599-3] Desrosiers R, Friderici K, Rottman F. Identification of methylated nucleosides in messenger RNA from Novikoff hepatoma cells. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 1974, 71 (10): 3971–5. Bibcode:1974PNAS...71.3971D. PMC 434308 . PMID 4372599. doi:10.1073/pnas.71.10.3971.

[4] Akilzhanova A, Nurkina Z, Momynaliev K, Ramanculov E, Zhumadilov Z, Zhumadilov Z, Rakhypbekov T, Hayashida N, Nakashima M, Takamura N. Genetic profile and determinants of homocysteine levels in Kazakhstan patients with breast cancer. Anticancer Research. 2013, 33 (9): 4049–59. PMID 24023349.

[5] Reddy SM, Sadim M, Li J, Yi N, Agarwal S, Mantzoros CS, Kaklamani VG. Clinical and genetic predictors of weight gain in patients diagnosed with breast cancer (PDF). British Journal of Cancer. 2013, 109 (4): 872–81 [2021-05-03]. PMC 3749587 . PMID 23922112. doi:10.1038/bjc.2013.441. （原始げんし内容ないよう存そん档 (PDF)于2021-05-03）.

[6] Heiliger KJ, Hess J, Vitagliano D, Salerno P, Braselmann H, Salvatore G, Ugolini C, Summerer I, Bogdanova T, Unger K, Thomas G, Santoro M, Zitzelsberger H. Novel candidate genes of thyroid tumourigenesis identified in Trk-T1 transgenic mice. Endocrine-Related Cancer. 2012, 19 (3): 409–21. PMID 22454401. doi:10.1530/ERC-11-0387.

[7] Kennedy EM, Bogerd HP, Kornepati AV, Kang D, Ghoshal D, Marshall JB, Poling BC, Tsai K, Gokhale NS, Horner SM, Cullen BR. Posttranscriptional m(6)A Editing of HIV-1 mRNAs Enhances Viral Gene Expression. Cell Host & Microbe. May 2016, 19 (5): 675–85. PMC 4867121 . PMID 27117054. doi:10.1016/j.chom.2016.04.002.

[8] Tirumuru N, Zhao BS, Lu W, Lu Z, He C, Wu L. N(6)-methyladenosine of HIV-1 RNA regulates viral infection and HIV-1 Gag protein expression. eLife. 2016, 5. PMC 4961459 . PMID 27371828. doi:10.7554/eLife.15528.

[9] Lichinchi G, Gao S, Saletore Y, Gonzalez GM, Bansal V, Wang Y, Mason CE, Rana TM. Dynamics of the human and viral m(6)A RNA methylomes during HIV-1 infection of T cells. Nature Microbiology. 2016, 1 (4): 16011. PMC 6053355 . PMID 27572442. doi:10.1038/nmicrobiol.2016.11.

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