The World Flora Online

Sous-arbustes , arbustes ou arbres petits à moyens, dioïques ou polygames.'Feuilles'alternes, imparipennées, trifoliolées 1, rarement digitées-5-foliolées ou feuilles simples.'Panicules'terminales et subterminales-axillaires, généralement nombreuses et dans l'ensemble souvent ressemblant à une grande panicule feuillée.'Fleurs'♂♀, (4)51(6)-mères, à préfloraison imbriquée, petites.'Fleurs'\t♂ à calice légèrement gamosépale; pétales dépassant le calice; étamines 5, insérées en dessous du disque, à filet droit ou incurvé et à anthère dorsifixe introrse; disque patelliforme à cupulaire, à bord ± crénelé, généralement sans pistillode.'Fleurs'♀ à périanthe semblable à celui des ♂; étamines plus petites et stériles; ovaire ovoïde à subglobuleux, à 1 loge et 1 ovule pendant d'un funicule ascendant fixé au bas de la loge; styles 3, apicaux, libres ou ± connés, terminés en stigmate ± capité.'Drupes'subglobuleuses ou comprimées-ovoïdes, glabres ou pubérulentes; mésocarpe pulpeux ou parfois ± lacuneux et ± sec; endocarpe coriace à crustacé.'Graine comprimée, ± ovale à ± réniforme, à testa mince et endoplèvre ± épaisse; cotylédons très comprimés.\n\t\t\t\tEnviron 150 espèces dans les régions tropicales, subtropicales et tempérées; 11 espèces et 1 variété au Congo belge.

RHUS L.

Rhus terebinthifolia Schltdl. & Cham., Linnaea 5: 600. 1830; R. terebinthifolia var. pilosissima Loes.; R. terebinthifolia var. loeseneri F.A. Barkley; R. costaricensis L. Riley.

Arbustos erectos o escandentes a árboles pequeños, 1–7 m de alto, ramas lenticeladas, escasa a densamente pubescentes, tricomas blanquecinos a amarillentos, aplicados a erectos, a veces crespos, hasta 0.6 mm de largo; plantas dioicas. Hojas alternas, siempreverdes, imparipinnadas o a veces paripinnadas, 10–17 cm de largo, pilosas; folíolos opuestos a subopuestos, obovados, ovados o elípticos, 2.5–6.1 cm de largo y 1.5–3.2 cm de ancho, ápice generalmente acuminado, ocasionalmente agudo o redondeado, acumen mucronado, base cuneada a obtusa, redondeada o cordada, simétrica u oblicua, márgenes frecuentemente revolutos, generalmente enteros, algunos dientes ocasionalmente presentes, haz frecuentemente rugosa, escasa a densamente pubescente, envés densamente pubescente, cartáceos a subcoriáceos, nervio principal generalmente piloso, impreso y apenas prominente en la haz, apenas prominente a prominente en el envés, 5–8 pares de nervios secundarios, aplanados a apenas prominentes en la haz, apenas prominentes a prominentes en el envés; pecíolo 1.5–5 cm de largo, piloso, raquis 2–5.4 cm de largo, piloso, peciólulos pilosos, los laterales hasta 2 mm de largo, el terminal 5–10 mm de largo. Inflorescencia terminal y axilar, brácteas frondosas, escasa a densamente pubescentes, las últimas ramas espigadas, 10–30 cm de largo, pedúnculo 0.5–2 cm de largo, brácteas subyacentes a las ramas de orden inferior foliosas, aquellas subyacentes a las ramas de orden superior ovadas o deltoides; flores sésiles, abrazadas por 1 bráctea y 2 bractéolas, perianto imbricado, 5-mero; sépalos ampliamente ovados, 0.8–1 mm de largo y 0.8 mm de ancho, márgenes ciliados; pétalos ovados a oblongos, 1.4–1.6 mm de largo y 0.5–0.9 mm de ancho, márgenes ciliados, blancos; filamentos subulados, ca 0.5 mm de largo, anteras 0.4–0.5 mm de largo; disco intrastaminal, 10-crenulado, grueso; ovario subgloboso a obcónico, 0.4–0.6 mm de largo, 1-locular con 1 óvulo basal, estilos 3, ca 0.3 mm de largo, estigma capitado. Fruto globoso, 0.5–0.8 cm de diámetro, rojo cuando maduro, indumento de tricomas simples, erectos y glandulares, endocarpo óseo; semillas con embrión curvo, cotiledones plano-convexos.

Común, pastizales, bosques de pino-encinos, zona norcentral; (660–) 1000–1460 m; fl jul–feb, fr jul–may; Moreno 5829, Stevens 10161; México a Costa Rica. Un género tropical y templado ampliamente distribuido con ca 200 especies, con su centro de diversidad en el sur de Africa; ca 25 especies en Norteamérica, México y Centroamérica.

D.A. Young. Reevaluation of the sections of Rhus L. subgenus Lobadium (Raf.) T. & G. (Anacardiaceae). Brittonia 30: 411–415. 1978.

Female flowers: perianth similar to that of the male; staminodes frequently present; ovary ovoid to subglobose, usually 1-locular, with the ovule pendent from an ascendent funicle inserted at the base of the loculus; styles 3, apical, free or connate at the base; stigmas ± capitate. Drupe globose or ovoid and compressed, frequently asymmetrical, glabrous or hairy; mesocarp fleshy, ± resinous, sometimes ± dry; endocarp bony or crustaceous. Seed ovoid or reniform, compressed, with a thin testa; cotyledons very compressed. Flowers unisexual, exceptionally bisexual, very small. Male flowers: calyx (4)5(6)-partite, the segments imbricate; petals (4)5(6), longer than the calyx, imbricate; stamens 5; filaments subulate, inserted below the disk; anthers ovate, dorsifixed, introrse; disk patellifonn or cupuliform; pistillode usually absent. Leaves alternate, simple, 3-foliolate or imparipinnate, rarely digitately 5-foliolate. Panicles terminal, axillary or both, ± branched. Shrublets, suffrutices, shrubs or trees. Drupe globose or ovoid and compressed, frequently asymmetrical, glabrous or hairy; mesocarp fleshy, ± resinous, sometimes ± dry; endocarp bony or crustaceous. Seed ovoid or reniform, compressed, with a thin testa; cotyledons very compressed. Flowers unisexual, exceptionally bisexual, very small. Male flowers: calyx (4)5(6)-partite, the segments imbricate; petals (4)5(6), longer than the calyx, imbricate; stamens 5; filaments subulate, inserted below the disk; anthers ovate, dorsifixed, introrse; disk patellifonn or cupuliform; pistillode usually absent. Leaves alternate, simple, 3-foliolate or imparipinnate, rarely digitately 5-foliolate. Panicles terminal, axillary or both, ± branched. Shrublets, suffrutices, shrubs or trees.

Drupe globose or ovoid and compressed, frequently asymmetrical, glabrous or hairy; mesocarp fleshy, somewhat resinous, sometimes rather dry; endocarp bony or crustaceous Female flowers: perianth similar to ♂; staminodes frequently present; ovary ovoid to subglobose, usually unilocular, with the ovule pendent from an ascendent funicle inserted at the base of the locule; styles 3, apical, free or occasionally connate at the base; stigmas somewhat capitate Male flowers: calyx (4–)5(–6)-partite, segments imbricate; petals (4–)5(–6), longer than the calyx, imbricate; stamens 5, filaments subulate, inserted below the disk, anthers ovate, dorsifixed, introrse; disk saucer- or cup-shaped; pistillode usually absent Flowers unisexual, occasionally bisexual, very small Inflorescences of terminal and/or axillary panicles Leaves alternate, simple, 3-foliolate or imparipinnate, rarely digitately 5-foliolate Suffrutices, shrubs or trees Seed ovoid or reniform, compressed, with a thin testa; cotyledons very compressed. Female flowers: perianth similar to ♂; staminodes frequently present; ovary ovoid to subglobose, usually unilocular, with the ovule pendent from an ascendent funicle inserted at the base of the locule; styles 3, apical, free or occasionally connate at the base; stigmas somewhat capitate Male flowers: calyx (4–)5(–6)-partite, segments imbricate; petals (4–)5(–6), longer than the calyx, imbricate; stamens 5, filaments subulate, inserted below the disk, anthers ovate, dorsifixed, introrse; disk saucer- or cup-shaped; pistillode usually absent Flowers unisexual, occasionally bisexual, very small Inflorescences of terminal and/or axillary panicles Leaves alternate, simple, 3-foliolate or imparipinnate, rarely digitately 5-foliolate Suffrutices, shrubs or trees Seed ovoid or reniform, compressed, with a thin testa; cotyledons very compressed.

Deciduous shrubs or trees, polygamous or dioecious. Leaves imparipinnately compound; leaf rachis sometimes winged; leaflets petiolate or sessile, with serrate or entire margin. Inflorescence terminal, paniculate or thyrsoid, floral subtending bracts persistent or deciduous. Flowers functionally unisexual or bisexual, 5-merous. Ovary 1-locular and 1-ovulate; styles 3, often united basally. Drupe globose, slightly compressed, mixed glandular pubescent and pilose, red at maturity; exocarp and mesocarp united; mesocarp glutinous, red.