عرض مصدر قالب:C

== Pronunciation and use ==
{{شوف كمان |Hard and soft C}}
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
|+Pronunciations of Cc
! colspan="5" |Most common pronunciation: {{IPAslink|k}}
''Languages in italics do not use the [[Latin alphabet]]''
|-
!Language
!Dialect(s)
!Pronunciation ([[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]])
!Environment
!Notes
|-
! colspan="2" |[[Albanian language|Albanian]]
|{{IPAslink|ts}}
|
|
|-
![[Arabic language|''Arabic'']]
!''[[Cypriot Arabic]]''
|{{IPAslink|ʕ}}
|
|Latinization
|-
! colspan="2" |[[Azerbaijani language|Azeri]]
|{{IPAslink|dʒ}}
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" |[[Berber languages|''Berber'']]
|{{IPAslink|ʃ}}
|
|Latinization
|-
! colspan="2" |[[Bukawa language|Bukawa]]
|{{IPAslink|ʔ}}
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |[[Catalan language|Catalan]]
|{{IPAslink|k}}
|
|
|-
|{{IPAslink|s}}
|Before e, i
|
|-
! colspan="2" |[[Crimean Tatar language|Crimean Tatar]]
|{{IPAslink|dʒ}}
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" |[[Cornish language|Cornish]]
|{{IPAslink|s}}
|
|Standard Written Form
|-
! colspan="2" |[[Czech language|Czech]]
|{{IPAslink|ts}}
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |[[Danish language|Danish]]
|{{IPAslink|k}}
|
|
|-
|{{IPAslink|s}}
|Before e, i, y, æ, ø
|
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="3" |[[Dutch language|Dutch]]
|{{IPAslink|k}}
|
|
|-
|{{IPAslink|s}}
|Before e, i, y
|
|-
|{{IPAslink|tʃ}}
|Before e, i,y
|in loanwords from Italian
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="3" |[[English language|English]]
|{{IPAslink|k}}
|
|
|-
|{{IPAslink|s}}
|Before e, i, y
|
|-
|{{IPAslink|ʃ}}
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" |[[Fijian language|Fijian]]
|{{IPAslink|ð}}
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |[[Filipino language|Filipino]]
|{{IPAslink|k}}
|
|
|-
|{{IPAslink|s}}
|Before e, i
|
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |[[French language|French]]
|{{IPAslink|k}}
|
|
|-
|{{IPAslink|s}}
|Before e, i, y
|
|-
! colspan="2" |[[Fula language|Fula]]
|{{IPAslink|tʃ}}
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" |[[Gagauz language|Gagauz]]
|{{IPAslink|dʒ}}
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="3" |[[Galician language|Galician]]
|{{IPAslink|k}}
|
|
|-
|{{IPAslink|θ}}
|Before e, i
|
|-
|{{IPAslink|s}}
|Before e, i
|in [[seseo]] zones
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |[[German language|German]]
|{{IPAslink|k}}
|
|
|-
|{{IPAslink|ts}}
|Before ä, e, i, ö, ü, y
|
|-
! colspan="2" |[[Hausa language|Hausa]]
|{{IPAslink|tʃ}}
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" |[[Hungarian language|Hungarian]]
|{{IPAslink|ts}}
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" |[[Indonesian language|Indonesian]]
|{{IPAslink|tʃ}}
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |[[Irish language|Irish]]
|{{IPAslink|k}}
|
|
|-
|{{IPAslink|c}}
|Before e, i; or after i
|
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |[[Italian language|Italian]]
|{{IPAslink|k}}
|
|
|-
|{{IPAslink|tʃ}}
|Before e, i
|

|-
! colspan="2"|''[[Khmer language|Khmer]]''
|{{IPAslink|c}}
|
|[[Romanization of Khmer#ALA-LC Romanization Tables|ALA-LC]] latinization
|-
![[Kurdish languages|Kurdish]]
![[Kurmanji]]
|{{IPAslink|dʒ}}
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" |[[Latvian language|Latvian]]
|{{IPAslink|ts}}
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" |[[Malay language|Malay]]
|{{IPAslink|tʃ}}
|
|
|-
![[Mandarin Chinese|Mandarin]]
![[Standard Chinese|Standard]]
|{{IPAslink|tsʰ}}
|
|[[Pinyin]] latinization
|-
! colspan="2" |[[Manding languages|Manding]]
|{{IPAslink|tʃ}}
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" |[[Polish language|Polish]]
|{{IPAslink|ts}}
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |[[Portuguese language|Portuguese]]
|{{IPAslink|k}}
|
|
|-
|{{IPAslink|s}}
|Before e, i, y
|
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |[[Romanian language|Romanian]]
|{{IPAslink|tʃ}}
|Before e, i
|
|-
|{{IPAslink|k}}
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |[[Romansh language|Romansh]]
|{{IPAslink|ts}}
|Before e, i
|
|-
|{{IPAslink|k}}
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |[[Scottish Gaelic]]
|{{IPAslink|kʰ}}
|
|
|-
|{{IPAslink|kʰʲ}}
|Before e, i; or after i
|
|-
! colspan="2" |[[Serbo-Croatian]]
|{{IPAslink|ts}}
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" |[[Slovak language|Slovak]]
|{{IPAslink|ts}}
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" |[[Slovene language|Slovene]]
|{{IPAslink|ts}}
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" |[[Somali language|Somali]]
|{{IPAslink|ʕ}}
|
|
|-
! rowspan="3" |[[Spanish language|Spanish]]
!All
|{{IPAslink|k}}
|
|
|-
!Most of [[Peninsular Spanish|European]]
|{{IPAslink|θ}}
|Before e, i, y
|
|-
![[Spanish language in the Americas|American]], [[Andalusian Spanish|Andalusian]], [[Canarian Spanish|Canarian]]
|{{IPAslink|s}}
|Before e, i, y
|
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |[[Swedish language|Swedish]]
|{{IPAslink|k}}
|
|
|-
|{{IPAslink|s}}
|Before e, i, y, ä, ö 
|
|-
! colspan="2" |[[Tatar language|Tatar]]
|{{IPAslink|ʑ}}
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" |[[Turkish language|Turkish]]
|{{IPAslink|dʒ}}
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |[[Valencian language|Valencian]]
|{{IPAslink|k}}
|
|
|-
|{{IPAslink|s}}
|Before e, i
|
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="3" |[[Vietnamese language|Vietnamese]]
|{{IPAslink|k}}
|
|
|-
|{{IPAslink|k̚}}
|Word-final
|
|-
|{{IPAslink|kp}}
|Word-final after u, ô, o
|
|-
! colspan="2" |[[Welsh language|Welsh]]
|{{IPAslink|k}}
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" |[[Xhosa language|Xhosa]]
|{{IPAslink|ǀ}}
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" |[[Yabem language|Yabem]]
|{{IPAslink|ʔ}}
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" |[[Central Alaskan Yup'ik language|Yup'ik]]
|{{IPAslink|tʃ}}
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" |[[Zulu language|Zulu]]
|{{IPAslink|ǀ}}
|
|
|}

=== English ===
In [[English orthography]], {{angbr|c}} generally represents the "soft" value of {{IPAc-en|s}} before the letters {{angbr|e}} (including the Latin-derived digraphs {{angbr|ae}} and {{angbr|oe}}, or the corresponding ligatures {{angbr|æ}} and {{angbr|œ}}), {{angbr|i}}, and {{angbr|y}}, and a "hard" value of {{IPAc-en|k}} before any other letters or at the end of a word. However, there are a number of exceptions in English: "[[soccer]]" and "[[Pronunciation of Celtic|Celt]]" are words that have {{IPAc-en|k}} where {{IPAc-en|s}} would be expected.

The "soft" {{angbr|c}} may represent the {{IPAc-en|ʃ}} sound in the digraph {{angbr|ci}} when this precedes a vowel, as in the words 'delicious' and 'appreciate', and also in the word "ocean" and its derivatives.

The digraph {{angbr|[[Ch (digraph)|ch]]}} most commonly represents {{IPAc-en|tʃ}}, but can also represent {{IPAc-en|k}} (mainly in words of [[Ancient Greek language|Greek]] origin) or {{IPAc-en|ʃ}} (mainly in words of [[French language|French]] origin). For some dialects of English, it may also represent {{IPAc-en|x}} in words like ''loch'', while other speakers pronounce the final sound as {{IPAc-en|k}}. The trigraph {{angbr|tch}} always represents {{IPAc-en|tʃ}}.

The digraph {{angbr|ck}} is often used to represent the sound {{IPAc-en|k}}  after short vowels, like "wicket".

C is the [[Letter frequency|twelfth most frequently used letter]] in the English language (after [[E]], [[T]], [[A]], [[O]], [[I]], [[N]], [[S]], [[H]], [[R]], [[D]], and [[L]]), with a frequency of about 2.8% in words.

=== Other languages ===
In the Romance languages [[French language|French]], [[Spanish language|Spanish]], [[Italian language|Italian]], [[Romanian language|Romanian]] and [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]], {{angbr|c}} generally has a "hard" value of {{IPA|/k/}} and a "soft" value whose pronunciation varies by language. In French, Portuguese, Catalan and Spanish from Latin America and some places in Spain, the soft {{angbr|c}} value is {{IPA|/s/}} as it is in English.  In the Spanish spoken in most of Spain, the soft {{angbr|c}} is a [[voiceless dental fricative]] {{IPA|/θ/}}. In [[Italian language|Italian]] and [[Romanian language|Romanian]], the soft {{angbr|c}} is {{IPA|[t͡ʃ]}}.

Germanic languages usually use c for Romance loans or digraphs, such as {{angbr|ch}} and {{angbr|ck}}, but the rules vary across languages. [[Dutch language|Dutch]] uses {{angbr|c}} the most, for all Romance loans and the digraph {{angbr|ch}}, but unlike English, does not use {{angbr|c}} for native Germanic words like ''komen'', "come". German uses {{angbr|c}} in the digraphs {{angbr|ch}} and {{angbr|ck}}, and the trigraph {{angbr|sch}}, but only by itself in unassimilated loanwords and place names. [[Danish language|Danish]] keeps soft {{angbr|c}} in Romance words but changes hard {{angbr|c}} to {{angbr|k}}. Swedish has the same rules for soft and hard {{angbr|c}} as Danish, and also uses {{angbr|c}} in the digraph {{angbr|ck}} and the very common word ''och'', "and". [[Norwegian language|Norwegian]], [[Afrikaans language|Afrikaans]], and [[Icelandic language|Icelandic]] are the most restrictive, replacing all cases of {{angbr|c}} with {{angbr|k}} or {{angbr|s}}, and reserving {{angbr|c}} for unassimilated loanwords and names.

All [[Balto-Slavic languages]] that use the Latin alphabet, as well as [[Albanian language|Albanian]], [[Hungarian language|Hungarian]], [[Pashto language|Pashto]], several [[Sami languages]], [[Esperanto]], [[Ido]], [[Interlingua]], and [[Americanist phonetic notation]] (and those [[Indigenous languages of North America|aboriginal languages of North America]] whose practical orthography derives from it) use {{angbr|c}} to represent {{IPA|/t͡s/}}, the [[voiceless alveolar sibilant affricate|voiceless alveolar]] or [[voiceless dental sibilant affricate]]. In [[Hanyu Pinyin]], the standard romanization of [[Standard Chinese|Mandarin Chinese]], the letter represents an aspirated version of this sound, {{IPA|/t͡s<sup>h</sup>/}}.

Among non-European languages that have adopted the Latin alphabet, {{angbr|c}} represents a variety of sounds. [[Central Alaskan Yup'ik language|Yup'ik]], [[Indonesian language|Indonesian]], [[Malay language|Malay]], and a number of African languages such as [[Hausa language|Hausa]], [[Fula language|Fula]], and [[Manding languages|Manding]] share the soft Italian value of {{IPA|/t͡ʃ/}}.  In [[Azeri language|Azeri]], [[Crimean Tatar language|Crimean Tatar]], [[Northern Kurdish|Kurmanji Kurdish]], and [[Turkish language|Turkish]] {{angbr|c}} stands for the voiced counterpart of this sound, the [[voiced postalveolar affricate]] {{IPA|/d͡ʒ/}}. In [[Yabem language|Yabem]] and similar languages, such as [[Bukawa language|Bukawa]], {{angbr|c}} stands for a [[glottal stop]] {{IPA|/ʔ/}}. [[Xhosa language|Xhosa]] and [[Zulu language|Zulu]] use this letter to represent the click {{IPA|/ǀ/}}. In some other African languages, such as [[Berber Latin alphabet#Berber Latin alphabet and the Tifinagh Berber alphabet|Berber languages]], {{angbr|c}} is used for {{IPA|/ʃ/}}. In [[Fijian language|Fijian]], {{angbr|c}} stands for a [[voiced dental fricative]] {{IPA|/ð/}}, while in [[Somali language|Somali]] it has the value of {{IPA|/[[Voiced pharyngeal fricative|ʕ]]/}}.

The letter {{angbr|c}} is also used as a transliteration of Cyrillic {{angbr|ц}} in the Latin forms of [[Serbian alphabet|Serbian]], [[Romanisation of Macedonian|Macedonian]], and sometimes [[Romanization of Ukrainian|Ukrainian]], along with the digraph {{angbr|ts}}.

=== Other systems ===
As a [[phonetic]] symbol, lowercase {{angbr IPA|c}} is the [[International Phonetic Alphabet]] (IPA) and [[X-SAMPA]] symbol for the [[voiceless palatal plosive]], and capital {{angbr|C}} is the X-SAMPA symbol for the [[voiceless palatal fricative]].

=== Digraphs ===
There are several common digraphs with {{angbr|c}}, the most common being {{angbr|[[Ch (digraph)|ch]]}}, which in some languages (such as [[German language|German]]) is far more common than {{angbr|c}} alone. {{angbr|ch}} takes various values in other languages.

As in English, {{angbr|ck}}, with the value {{IPA|/k/}}, is often used after short vowels in other [[Germanic languages]] such as German and [[Swedish language|Swedish]] (other Germanic languages, such as Dutch and [[Norwegian language|Norwegian]], use {{angbr|kk}} instead). The digraph {{angbr|cz}} is found in Polish and {{angbr|cs}} in Hungarian, representing {{IPA|/t͡ʂ/}} and {{IPA|/t͡ʃ/}} respectively. The digraph {{angbr|sc}} represents {{IPA|/ʃ/}} in Old English, Italian, and a few languages related to Italian (where this only happens before [[front vowel]]s, while otherwise it represents {{IPA|/sk/}}). The trigraph {{angbr|sch}} represents {{IPA|/ʃ/}} in German.