Шекспир, Вильям
Шекспир, Вильям | |
---|---|
Миллат | Ингилисав |
Эмен | Джон Шекспир |
Эбел | Мэри Аден |
Лъади | |
Лъимал | |
Адабияб гьунар | |
Пишаялъул тайпа |
|
Гьунаралъул санал | гІ-ш. 1585–1613 |
Адабияб мазгьаб | Ингилис Ренессанс |
Жанр | Элизабетилаб драма |
Автограф | |
Асарал Викитекаялда | |
Медиафайлал Викигъамасалда | |
Цитатаби Викицитатаялда |
Вильям Шекспир (инг. William Shakespeare[1], ингилис гьаракь бахъи: [ˌwɪljəm ˈʃeɪkspɪə(r)], бапт. 26 Април 1564 – 23 Април 1616)[a] — Ингилис драматургt, шагІир ва актёр, жиндие ингилис мацІалда бищун кІудияв хъвадарухъан ва дунялалъул бищун лъикІал драматургазул цояв хІисабалда къимат щварав.[3][4][5] Гьесде гІемериселъ абула Ингландалъул миллияв шагІир–иланги, Авоналдаса Бард–иланги (яги жибго "Бард"–иланги).[6][b] Гьесул нилІехъе щварал хІалтІаби, цадахъ хІалтІабиги гъорлІе рачІун, гІуцІарал руго 39 пьесалялдасаги[c], 154 сонеталдасаги, лъабго халатаб харбилаб поэмаялдасаги ва цо чанго шигІруялдасаги, жидер авторлъи мухІканго лъаларел. Гьесул пьесаби таржама гьарун руго киналниги аслиялщинал чІагоял мацІазде ва бокьарав цогидав драматургасул пьесабаздаса цІикІкІун рачуна сценабазда.[8] Гьединго гьезул жеги-жеги гІелмияб цІех-рехги реинтерпретацияги гьабулеб буго.
Шекспир гьавуна ва гІуна Стартфор-апон-Эйвоналда, Ворикшир. 18 сонил гІужде вахиндал, гьес лъадилъун ячана Энн Гьатавей; гьезие гьабуна лъабго лъимер: Сюзанн ва Гьамнетги Джудитги игизал. ГІага-шагарго 1585 ва 1592 соназда гьоркьоб Лондоналда гьес байбихьана лъикІаб карьера актёр, хъвадарухъан ва Лорд Чамберленил ГІадамал–илан жинде абулеб букІараб, хадуб Къираласул ГІадамал гІадин лъалеб букІараб хІаязулаб компаниялъул цадахъ-хважайин хІисабалда. 49 сонил гІужалда (гІ.-ш. 1613 соналъ) гьев, балагьараб мехалъ, Стартфордалде ун вуго ва лъабго соналдаса гьенив хун вуго. Дагьал хъвай-хъвагІаял хутІун руго Шекспирил жиндирго гІумруялъул хІакъалъулІ; гьелъ рачунел руго гІезегІан спекуляциязде гьесул куц-мухъалъул, сексуаллъиялъул, диниял божиязул, гьесулилан абулел асарал цогидаз хъванадай абурал суалазадда сверун.[9][10][11]
Шекспирица жиндирго машгьурал асаразул гІемерисел хъвана 1589 ва 1613 соназда гьоркьоб.[12][13][d] Гьесул цересел пьесаби рукІана аслияб къагІдаялъ комедиял ва гьисториял, ва рикІкІуна гьеб жанралда хъварал бищун лъикІал асаразул цояллъун. Хадур гьес аслияб къагІидаялъ хъвана трагедиял 1608 соналде щвезегІан, гьезда гьоркьор Гьамлет, Ромео ва Джульет, Отелло, Къирал Лир ва Макбет, киналго рикІкІунел рукІана ингилис мацІалда ругел бищун лъикІал хІалтІабазул цояллъун.[3][4][5] Жиндир гІумруялъул ахирисеб этапалда гьес хъвана трагикомедиял (гьединго романсал хІисабалда лъалел) ва цогидал драматургазда цадахъ хІалтІулев вукІана.
ГІумру
[хисизабизе | код хисизабизе]Цебесеб гІумру
[хисизабизе | код хисизабизе]Лондон ва театралияб карьера
[хисизабизе | код хисизабизе]Хадусел санал ва хвел
[хисизабизе | код хисизабизе]Пьесаби
[хисизабизе | код хисизабизе]ШигІраби
[хисизабизе | код хисизабизе]Сонетаби
[хисизабизе | код хисизабизе]Стиль
[хисизабизе | код хисизабизе]Асар
[хисизабизе | код хисизабизе]Критикадул репутация
[хисизабизе | код хисизабизе]ХІалтІаби
[хисизабизе | код хисизабизе]Пьесабазул классификация
[хисизабизе | код хисизабизе]Шекспирида хурхун спекуляция
[хисизабизе | код хисизабизе]Авторлъи
[хисизабизе | код хисизабизе]Дин
[хисизабизе | код хисизабизе]Сексуаллъи
[хисизабизе | код хисизабизе]Портретура
[хисизабизе | код хисизабизе]Ралагье гьединго
[хисизабизе | код хисизабизе]Баянал ва хІужжаби
[хисизабизе | код хисизабизе]Баянал
[хисизабизе | код хисизабизе]- ^ Dates follow the Julian calendar, used in England throughout Shakespeare's lifespan, but with the start of the year adjusted to 1 January (see Old Style and New Style dates). Under the Gregorian calendar, adopted in Catholic countries in 1582, Shakespeare died on 3 May.[2]
- ^ The "national cult" of Shakespeare, and the "bard" identification, dates from September 1769, when the actor David Garrick organised a week-long carnival at Stratford to mark the town council awarding him the freedom of the town. In addition to presenting the town with a statue of Shakespeare, Garrick composed a doggerel verse, lampooned in the London newspapers, naming the banks of the Avon as the birthplace of the "matchless Bard".[7]
- ^ The exact figures are unknown. See Shakespeare's collaborations and Shakespeare Apocrypha for further details.
- ^ Individual play dates and precise writing span are unknown. See Chronology of Shakespeare's plays for further details.
ХІужжаби
[хисизабизе | код хисизабизе]- ^ Biography: or, Third division of… — Google ТІахьал
- ^ Schoenbaum 1987, гь. xv.
- ^ a b Greenblatt 2005, гь. 11.
- ^ a b Bevington 2002, гьл. 1–3.
- ^ a b Wells 1997, гь. 399.
- ^ Dobson 1992, гьл. 185–186.
- ^ McIntyre 1999, гьл. 412–432.
- ^ Craig 2003, гь. 3.
- ^ Shapiro 2005, гьл. xvii–xviii.
- ^ Schoenbaum 1991, гьл. 41, 66, 397–398, 402, 409.
- ^ Taylor 1990, гьл. 145, 210–223, 261–265.
- ^ Chambers 1930a, гьл. 270–271.
- ^ Taylor 1987, гьл. 109–134.
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(help) - Steiner, George (1996). The Death of Tragedy. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-06916-7.
- Taylor, Gary (1987). William Shakespeare: A Textual Companion. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-812914-1.
- Taylor, Gary (1990). Reinventing Shakespeare: A Cultural History from the Restoration to the Present. London: Hogarth Press. ISBN 978-0-7012-0888-2.
- Wain, John (1975). Samuel Johnson. New York: Viking. ISBN 978-0-670-61671-8.
- Wells, Stanley; Taylor, Gary; Jowett, John; Montgomery, William, редл. (2005). The Oxford Shakespeare: The Complete Works (2nd ред.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-926717-0.
- Wells, Stanley (1997). Shakespeare: A Life in Drama. New York: W.W. Norton. ISBN 978-0-393-31562-2.
- Wells, Stanley (2006). Shakespeare & Co. New York: Pantheon. ISBN 978-0-375-42494-6.
- Wells, Stanley; Orlin, Lena Cowen, редл. (2003). Shakespeare: An Oxford Guide. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-924522-2.
- Gross, John (2003). "Shakespeare's Influence". Гъоркь: Wells, Stanley; Orlin, Lena Cowen (редл.). Shakespeare: An Oxford Guide. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-924522-2.
- Kathman, David (2003). "The Question of Authorship". Гъоркь: Wells, Stanley; Orlin, Lena Cowen (редл.). Shakespeare: an Oxford Guide. Oxford Guides. Oxford: Oxford University Press. гьл. 620–632. ISBN 978-0-19-924522-2.
- Thomson, Peter (2003). "Conventions of Playwriting". Гъоркь: Wells, Stanley; Orlin, Lena Cowen (редл.). Shakespeare: An Oxford Guide. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-924522-2.
- Werner, Sarah (2001). Shakespeare and Feminist Performance. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-22729-2.
- "Visiting the Abbey". Westminster Abbey. Архивация оригинал (3 April 2016). Щвей 2 April 2016.
{{cite web}}
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(help) - Wilson, Richard (2004). Secret Shakespeare: Studies in Theatre, Religion and Resistance. Manchester: Manchester University Press. ISBN 978-0-7190-7024-2.
- Wood, Manley, ред. (1806). The Plays of William Shakespeare with Notes of Various Commentators. Том I. London: George Kearsley.
- Wood, Michael (2003). Shakespeare. New York: Basic Books. ISBN 978-0-465-09264-2.
- Wright, George T. (2004). "The Play of Phrase and Line". Гъоркь: McDonald, Russ (ред.). Shakespeare: An Anthology of Criticism and Theory, 1945–2000. Oxford: Blackwell. ISBN 978-0-631-23488-3.
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- Internet Shakespeare Editions
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- Open Source Shakespeare complete works, with search engine and concordance
- First Four Folios Archived 2016-04-12 at the Wayback Machine at Miami University Library, digital collection
- The Shakespeare Quartos Archive
- Shakespeare's sonnets, poems, and texts at Poets.org
- Асаразул автор: Шекспир, Вильям Project Gutenberg-алда
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- Shakespeare Documented an online exhibition documenting Shakespeare in his own time
- Shakespeare's Will from The National Archives
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- "Shakespeare and Literary Criticism", BBC Radio 4 discussion with Harold Bloom and Jacqueline Rose (In Our Time, 4 March 1999).
- "Shakespeare's Work" BBC Radio 4 discussion with Frank Kermode, Michael Bagdanov and Germaine Greer (In Our Time, 11 May 2000).
- "Shakespeare's Life", BBC Radio 4 discussion with Katherine Duncan-Jones, John Sutherland and Grace Ioppolo (In Our Time, 15 March 2001).
- Records on Shakespeare's Theatre Legacy from the UK Parliamentary Collections
- Winston Churchill & Shakespeare - UK Parliament Living Heritage
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