CERN Accelerating science

Article
Title	Chapter 30: Crystal Collimation of Heavy-Ion Beams
Author(s)	Redaelli, S (CERN) ; Bruce, R (CERN) ; D’Andrea, M (CERN) ; Mirarchi, D (CERN) ; Rossi, R (CERN)
Publication	2024. - 11 p.
Imprint	11 p.
In:	Adv. Ser. Direct. High Energy Phys. 31 (2024) 603-613
In:	The High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider, pp.603-613
DOI	10.1142/9789811278952_0030
Subject category	Accelerators and Storage Rings
Accelerator/Facility, Experiment	CERN LHC
Project	CERN HL-LHC
Abstract	Crystal collimation is an advanced technique where a silicon crystal, only a few millimeters long and bent to a curvature of about 50 μみゅーrad, coherently deflects the beam halo onto a collimator absorber. This technique can improve beam collimation in the HL-LHC. Since 2015, a test stand has been operational in the betatron cleaning insertion of the LHC for beam tests at the unprecedented hadron beam energy of up to 6.5 Z TeV, where Z is the atomic number. For the first time, channeling was observed at this energy and the crystal collimation concept was validated, demonstrating that the cleaning of lead heavy-ion beams at 6.37 Z TeV can be improved by up to a factor 10. Crystal collimation has become part of the HL-LHC baseline in 2019 and will be the key upgrade for improving the cleaning efficiency for ion beam operation in Run 3.
Copyright/License	© 2024 The Editor(s) (License: CC-BY-NC-4.0)

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