TikTok sued the federal government on Tuesday over a new law that would force its Chinese owner, ByteDance, to sell the popular social media app or face a ban in the United States, stoking a battle over national security and free speech that is likely to end up in the Supreme Court.

週しゅう二に，TikTok就一部いちぶ新しん法律ほうりつ起訴きそ聯邦れんぽう政府せいふ，該法將はた迫さこ使つかい其中國母こくぼ公司こうし節ぶし跳とべ動どう出で售這款流行りゅうこう的てき社しゃ群ぐん媒體ばいたい應用おうよう，否いや則のり將はた在ざい美國びくに面めん臨禁令れい。這項訴訟そしょう引發了りょう一場有關國家安全和言論自由的鬥爭，可能かのう最終さいしゅう會かい鬧到最高法院さいこうほういん。

TikTok said the law violated the First Amendment by effectively removing an app that millions of Americans use to share their views and communicate freely. It also argued that a divestiture was “simply not possible,” especially within the law’s 270-day timeline, pointing to difficulties such as Beijing’s refusal to sell a key feature that powers TikTok in the United States.

TikTok表示ひょうじ，該法相當そうとう於要取締とりしまり一款數百萬美國人用來分享觀點和自由交流的應用程序，這違反いはん了りょう第だい一いち修正しゅうせい案あん。TikTok還かえ提出ていしゅつ，由ゆかり於一系列けいれつ困難こんなん，例れい如北京ぺきん拒絕きょぜつ在ざい美國びくに出で售為TikTok提供ていきょう支持しじ的てき一項關鍵功能，剝離「根本こんぽん不可能ふかのう」，特別とくべつ是ぜ在ざい法律ほうりつ規定きてい的てき270天てん期限きげん內。

“For the first time in history, Congress has enacted a law that subjects a single, named speech platform to a permanent, nationwide ban, and bars every American from participating in a unique online community with more than one billion people worldwide,” the company said in the 67-page petition, which initiated the lawsuit. “There is no question: The act will force a shutdown of TikTok by Jan. 19, 2025.”

「國會こっかい有史ゆうし以來いらい第だい一次頒佈了一部法律，針はり對たい單獨たんどく一家特定的言論平台實施永久性的全國禁令，並なみ禁止きんし每ごと個こ美國びくに人じん參與さんよ一個在全球擁有超過10億用戶的獨特在線社區，」該公司こうし在ざい一いち份67頁ぺーじ的てき訴狀そじょう中ちゅう說せつ。「毫無疑問ぎもん：該法案あん將はた迫せり使しTikTok在ざい2025年ねん1月がつ19日にち之の前ぜん關かん停とま。」

TikTok is battling for its survival in the United States, with the fight set to play out primarily in courts over the next few months. The battle pits Congress’s national security concerns about the social media app’s ties to China against TikTok’s argument that a sale or ban would violate the First Amendment free-speech rights of its users and hurt small businesses that owe their livelihood to the platform. The case is expected to reach the Supreme Court.

TikTok正せい在ざい美國びくに為ため生存せいぞん而戰，未來みらい幾いく個月かげつ，這場鬥爭將はた主要しゅよう在ざい法ほう庭にわ上じょう展開てんかい。這是一場いちじょう國會こっかい與あずかTikTok之の間あいだ的てき論戰ろんせん，前者ぜんしゃ認みとめ為ため該社群ぐん媒體ばいたい應用おうよう程ほど序じょ與あずか中國ちゅうごく存在そんざい關係かんけい，因いん此構成こうせい了りょう國家こっか安全あんぜん隱かくれ憂ゆう，後者こうしゃ認みとめ為ため出で售或禁令きんれい都と將はた侵犯しんぱん其用戶ど的てき第だい一いち修正しゅうせい案あん自由じゆう言論げんろん權けん，並なみ損害そんがい賴よりゆき以生計せいけい的てき小しょう企業きぎょう。該案預あずか計けい將しょう提ひさげ呈てい至いたり最高法院さいこうほういん。

The issue is particularly tricky in an election year, when President Biden and lawmakers are facing potential blowback from users of the popular app. The app, which says it has 170 million monthly users in the United States, is used for everything from sharing viral dances to political commentary. It’s become knitted into people’s lives, particularly for those who make a living on the platform as content creators.

在ざい選せん舉年，這個問題もんだい尤ゆう其棘手しゅ，拜はい登とう總統そうとう和わ立法りっぽう者しゃ面めん臨著來き自じ這款流行りゅうこう應用おうよう程ほど序じょ用よう戶と的てき潛在せんざい反はん彈たま。該應用おうよう程ほど序じょ自稱じしょう在ざい美國びくに的てき月がつ度ど用よう戶と達たち1.7億おく，從したがえ分ぶん享とおる爆ばく紅べに舞まい蹈到政治せいじ評論ひょうろん，Tiktok用途ようと十分じゅうぶん廣こう泛，已やめ經けい融とおる入いれ人じん們的生活せいかつ，特別とくべつ是ぜ對たい於那些以內容創作そうさく者しゃ的てき身み份在平台ひらだい上じょう謀はかりごと生せい的てき人じん來らい說せつ。

Under the new law, which President Biden signed on April 24, TikTok has nine months, or a year if the president gives it an extension, to find a non-Chinese buyer. If it doesn’t, the law requires U.S. app stores and web hosting services to stop working with it — essentially banning it.

At the heart of the case will be lawmakers’ intent to defend the United States from what they and some experts say is a national security threat; they assert that the Chinese government could lean on ByteDance to turn over sensitive TikTok user data or use the app to spread propaganda. But the mandate to sell or block the app could result in changes to TikTok’s content policies and shape what users are able to freely share on the platform, potentially violating their free speech rights, according to legal experts.

本案ほんあん的てき核心かくしん是ぜ立法りっぽう者しゃ意圖いと保護ほご美國びくに免めん受他們和一些專家所說的國家安全威脅。他た們聲稱たたえ，中國ちゅうごく政府せいふ可か以依靠もたれ字じ節ぶし跳とべ動どう交出敏感びんかん的てきTikTok用よう戶數こすう據よりどころ或ある使用しよう該應用おうよう程ほど序じょ散ち播宣傳せんでん。但ただし法律ほうりつ專せん家か表示ひょうじ，出で售或屏へい蔽該應用おうよう程ほど序じょ的てき命令めいれい可能かのう會かい導しるべ致TikTok的てき內容政策せいさく發生はっせい變化へんか，並なみ影響えいきょう用よう戶と在ざい該平台だい上じょう自由じゆう分ぶん享とおる的てき內容，這可能會のうかい侵犯しんぱん他た們的言論げんろん自由じゆう權けん。

“These are hugely consequential questions being dealt with in an unprecedented manner,” said Evelyn Douek, an assistant professor at Stanford Law School who has done research on the First Amendment and the internet. “TikTok basically throws the First Amendment sink at this challenge.”

「這些都と是非ぜひ常つね重要じゅうよう的てき問題もんだい，正せい在ざい得え到いた處理しょり的てき方式ほうしき也是前まえ所しょ未み有ゆう的てき，」從事じゅうじ過か第だい一修正案和互聯網研究的史丹佛法學院助理教授伊芙琳·杜もり克かつ表示ひょうじ。「為ため了りょう應對おうたい此次挑戰ちょうせん，TikTok基本きほん上じょう是ぜ在ざい用よう第だい一いち修正しゅうせい案あん孤こ注ちゅう一擲いってき。」

TikTok filed its suit in the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit, arguing that selling its U.S. operations was not “commercially, technologically, or legally feasible.” A part of that argument hinges on how TikTok and its competitors are global in nature and content is accessible across country borders, with international videos as part of its appeal.

TikTok向こう哥倫比ひ亞あ特區とっく聯邦れんぽう巡じゅん迴上訴じょうそ法ほう院いん提起ていき訴訟そしょう，稱しょう出で售其美國びくに業務ぎょうむ「在ざい商業しょうぎょう、技術ぎじゅつ或ある法律ほうりつ上じょう都と不可ふか行ぎょう」。這一主張部分原因在於TikTok及其競爭きょうそう對たい手本てほん質しつ上じょう是ぜ全ぜん球たま性せい的てき，內容可か以跨越えつ國界こっかい訪問ほうもん，國際こくさい影かげ片へん是ぜ其吸引力いんりょく的てき一いち部分ぶぶん。

It is also impossible to move the app’s underlying coding to a new owner, TikTok argued, adding that it would take years for a new set of engineers to familiarize themselves with that code to develop and maintain the platform. In addition, the engineers would need access to ByteDance software to keep TikTok functioning, which the new law prohibits, the company argued.

TikTok認みとめ為ため，將はた應用おうよう程ほど序じょ的てき底そこ層そう代だい碼轉移てんい給きゅう新しん的てき所有しょゆう者しゃ也是不可能ふかのう的てき，並稱へいしょう新しん的てき工程こうてい師し需要じゅよう數すう年ねん時間じかん來らい熟じゅく悉這些代碼，從したがえ而開發かいはつ和わ維護平台ひらだい。此外，該公司こうし稱たたえ，工程こうてい師し需要じゅよう訪問ほうもん字じ節ぶし跳とべ動的どうてき軟體才能さいのう保持ほじTikTok的てき功こう能のう，而新法律ほうりつ禁止きんし這樣做。

TikTok’s success also hinges on its recommendation algorithm, which helps surface tailored content to users, something the Chinese government has said it would not sell, the suit notes.

訴訟そしょう指出さしで，TikTok的てき成功せいこう還かえ取ど決けつ於它的てき推薦すいせん算法さんぽう，該算法ほう有ゆう助じょ於向用よう戶と展示てんじ量りょう身み定じょう製せい的てき內容，而中國ちゅうごく政府せいふ已やめ表示ひょうじ不ふ會かい出で售這些內容よう。

TikTok pointed to the billions of dollars it has already spent to address potential security risks in the past four years, an effort known as Project Texas, as well as a draft 90-page national security agreement that made “extraordinary” commitments to the U.S. government. TikTok has separated its U.S. user data from the rest of the company’s operations and provided third-party oversight of its content recommendations.

TikTok指出さしで，在ざい過去かこ四よん年ねん裡うら，它已花はな費ひ數すう十じゅう億美元來解決潛在的安全風險，這一努力どりょく被ひ稱しょう為ため「得とく克かつ薩斯計けい劃」，它還簽署了りょう一いち份90頁ぺーじ的てき國家こっか安全あんぜん協議きょうぎ草案そうあん，對たい美國びくに政府せいふ做出了りょう「非ひ同どう尋常じんじょう」的てき承諾しょうだく。TikTok已やめ將はた其美國こく用よう戶數こすう據よりどころ與あずか公司こうし的てき其他業務ぎょうむ分ぶん開ひらけ，並なみ對たい其內容よう推薦すいせん進行しんこう第だい三さん方ぽう監督かんとく。

The company said in its suit that it agreed to give the government a “shutdown option” that would allow it to suspend TikTok in the United States if the company violated parts of its agreement.

該公司こうし在ざい訴訟そしょう中ちゅう表示ひょうじ，它同意どうい給きゅう政府せいふ一いち個こ「關せき閉選項こう」，如果該公司こうし違反いはん了りょう部分ぶぶん協議きょうぎ，它將允許いんきょ政府せいふ在ざい美國びくに暫停TikTok。

Anupam Chander, a visiting scholar at the Institute for Rebooting Social Media at Harvard who has publicly opposed the law, said that he was among experts TikTok contacted on Monday for an advance briefing on the filing. He said Project Texas is likely to play a key role, and whether TikTok can persuade the judge that it was a reasonably available alternative that addressed the government’s concerns.

哈佛大學だいがく重おも新しん啟けい動どう社しゃ群ぐん媒體ばいたい研究所けんきゅうじょ的てき訪問ほうもん學者がくしゃ阿おもね努つとむ帕姆·錢ぜに德とく爾なんじ曾公開こうかい反對はんたい這項法律ほうりつ，他た說せつ，TikTok週しゅう一聯繫了他和其他專家，提ひさげ前ぜん介かい紹了此次起訴きそ。他た說せつ，得とく克かつ薩斯計けい劃可能會のうかい發揮はっき關せき鍵かぎ作用さよう，而TikTok能否のうひ讓ゆずる法官ほうかん相しょう信しん這是一個合理可行的替代方案，可か以解決かいけつ政府せいふ的てき擔憂，也至關せき重要じゅうよう。

“The real question that remains that I haven’t seen an answer to is, what more would the government have wanted?” Mr. Chander said. “We’ve never heard why Project Texas was insufficient, publicly.”

「真正しんせい的てき問題もんだい是ぜ，政府せいふ還かえ想そう要よう什麼いんも？對たい此我還かえ沒ぼっ有ゆう找到答案とうあん，」錢せん德いさお爾なんじ說せつ。「為ため什麼いんも得とく克かつ薩斯計けい劃還不ふ夠？我わが們從來じゅうらい沒ぼつ有ゆう聽到公開こうかい的てき說法せっぽう。」

National security concerns about TikTok are “speculative” and fall short of what’s required to justify violating First Amendment rights, the company argued in its suit, adding that President Biden and other members of Congress’s use of the platform undermines claims that it’s a threat.

該公司こうし在ざい訴訟そしょう中ちゅう辯べん稱たたえ，對たいTikTok的てき國家こっか安全あんぜん擔憂是ぜ「推測すいそく性的せいてき」，不足ふそく以作為さくい侵犯しんぱん第だい一いち修正しゅうせい案あん權利けんり的てき依據いきょ，並稱へいしょう拜はい登とう總統そうとう和わ其他國會こっかい議員ぎいん也在使用しよう該平台だい，這削弱じゃく了りょう它構成こうせい威い脅おびえ的てき說法せっぽう。

TikTok asked the court to issue a declaratory judgment saying that the law violated the Constitution and to issue an order that would stop Attorney General Merrick B. Garland from enforcing it. The next step is for the government to respond.

TikTok要求ようきゅう法ほう院いん發布はっぷ宣告せんこく性せい判決はんけつ，稱しょう該法違憲いけん，並なみ要求ようきゅう法ほう院いん發布はっぷ命令めいれい，阻止そし司法しほう部長ぶちょう梅うめ裡うら克かつ·加か蘭らん德とく執行しっこう該法。下した一步是政府做出回應。

A spokesman for the Department of Justice declined to comment on potential litigation.

司法しほう部ぶ發言はつげん人じん拒絕きょぜつ就可能かのう的てき訴訟そしょう置おけ評ひょう。

The government is likely to defend the law by saying it is calling for a sale, not a ban. The government will probably also need to make a strong case that its national security concerns justify the limitation on speech if TikTok is banned.

政府せいふ可能かのう會かい辯べん稱しょう它是在ざい要求ようきゅうTikTok出で售，而不是ぜ予よ以封禁きん。如果TikTok被ひ禁きん，政府せいふ可能かのう還かえ需要じゅよう提出ていしゅつ強きょう有力ゆうりょく的てき理由りゆう，證明しょうめい出で於國家こっか安全あんぜん考慮こうりょ限げん制せい言論げんろん是ぜ正當せいとう的てき。