„Kakazai“ – Versionsunterschied

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<!--[[Datei:Kakazaifoeipage555.gif|mini|Read Family Tree of Kakazai Pashtun Tribe on Page 555 from "Frontier and Overseas Expeditions from India" - Published 1907. Courtesy: The British Library]]
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[[File:Kakazaifoeipage555.gif|thumb|150px|Read Family Tree of Kakazai Pashtun Tribe on Page 555 from "Frontier and Overseas Expeditions from India" - Published 1907 :: Courtesy: The British Library]]
[[Datei:Kakazai.jpg|mini|Kakazai Pashtuns - Page 22 from "A Dictionary of the Pathan Tribes of the North West Frontier of India" - Published 1910. Courtesy: The British Library]]-->
[[Datei:Kakazai Pashtun Family Tree in English.jpg|mini|Stammbaum von [[Qais Abdul Rashid]] von den Kakazai-Pashtunen.]]<!--
[[File:Kakazai.jpg|thumb|150px|Kakazai Pashtuns - Page 22 from "A Dictionary of the Pathan Tribes of the North West Frontier of India" - Published 1910 :: Courtesy: The British Library]]
[[Datei:Mamudandmahsudkhel.jpg|mini|Daulat Khel, Maghdud Khel, Mahsud Khel and Mahmud Khel, Unterteilungen des Stammes der Kakazai-Paschtunen, The British Library.]]-->
[[File:Kakazai Pashtun Family Tree in English.jpg|thumb|210px|Family Tree&nbsp;— From [[Qais Abdul Rashid]] to the Kakazai (Loi Mamund) Pashtuns]]
Die '''Kakazai''' oder '''Kakasai''' ({{psS|ککازي&lrm;}}, [[Urdu]], {{faS|کَکازَئی&lrm;}}),<ref name="AncestorDatabase">[http://www.khyber.org/tribes/web/ppl/f/b/bff7bb635f68423d08572ce3bf.shtml Ancestor Database - Kaka Zai کاکازي]. Khyber Gateway - Khyber.org 30. September 2016.</ref><ref name="flickr">[https://www.flickr.com/photos/43961546@N00/30687265/in/photostream/ Kakezai/Kakazai Afghan/Pathan Tribe, ''Tazkara'' by Khan Roshan khan] online scans of Urdu text</ref> auch: '''Loi''', '''Loye Mamund''' ({{psS|لوی ماموند&lrm;}}; {{urS|لو ئے / لوئی مَاموند&lrm;}}) sind ein Teil des [[Mamund]]-Clans,<ref name="dictionary">[https://archive.org/download/ADictionaryOfThePathanTribesCORRECT/A%20Dictionary%20of%20the%20Pathan%20Tribes%20-%201910.pdf ''A Dictionary of the Pathan Tribes of the North West Frontier of India.''] (Part I. North of the Kabul River, including all Mohmands, and tribes west of the Indus), published by The General Staff Army Headquarters, Calcutta, India -(Originally Published 1910). Die ''Kakazai'' werden erwähnt auf den Seiten 22 (‘K’ - "Kakazai"), 12 (‘D’ -''[[Daulat Khel]]'' - Eine Untergruppe der Kakazai), 26 ('K' - ''[[Khulozai]]'' - Untergruppe), 29 (‘M’ -''[[Maghdud Khel]]'', ''[[Mahsud Khel]]'', ''[[Mahmud Khel]]'' - Untergruppen), 47 ('U' - ''[[Umar Khel]]'' - Untergruppe) und 50 ('Y' -''[[Yusaf Khel]]'' - Untergruppe).</ref><ref name="archive">''Kakazai / Kakayzai.'' In: ''Frontier and Overseas Expeditions from India.'' Volume 1, Government Mono Type Press, Simla, India, S. 515–555. (Originally Published 1907)</ref><ref name="haroonrashid">Haroon Rasheed: ''History of the Pathans: The Sarabani Pathans.'' Vol. 2, Original from the University of Michigan 2002, S. 257–262.</ref><ref name="christinenoelle">Christine Noelle: ''State and Tribe in Nineteenth-Century Afghanistan: The Reign of Amir Dost Muhammad Khan (1826–1863).'' Routledge, 1997, ISBN 0-7007-0629-1, S. 179–192.</ref><ref name="ahmacmahon">A. H. McMahon, A. D. G. Ramsay: ''Report on the tribes of Dir, Swat, and Bajour together with the Utman-khel and Sam Ranizai.'' Saeed Book Bank, Pakistan 1901, S. 9.</ref> und gehören damit zum Stamm der [[Tarkani]] ({{psS|ترکاڼي (ټبر)&lrm;|ترکاڼي}}).<ref name="britannica">''Tarkanri.'' In: ''Encyclopædia Britannica: A New Survey of Universal Knowledge.'' vol. 21 United Kingdom 1952, S. 816.</ref><ref name="worldmuslim">[https://books.google.com/books?id=hMTXAAAAMAAJ Tarkanri — Tribes, Castes and Communities.] In: ''Encyclopaedia of the World Muslims.'' vol. 3, Global Vision Publishing House, 2001, ISBN 81-87746-07-6.</ref><ref name="haroldwylly">Harold Carmichael Wylly: ''From the Black Mountain to Waziristan.'' Macmillan Company, United Kingdom 1912, S. 155.</ref> Heute lebt der größte Teil des Clans in [[Bajaur]], [[Pakistan]]. Die Ursprünge liegen jedoch in der Provinz [[Laghman (Provinz)|Laghman]] in [[Afghanistan]]. Die Familie hat sich so stark vermehrt, dass sie mittlerweile als eigener Stamm angesprochen werden kann.<ref name="berntglatzer">D. K. Behera, G. Pfeffer (Hrsg.), Bernt Glatzer: ''The Pashtun Tribal System.'' Kap. 10 In: ''Concept of Tribal Society.'' (= ''Contemporary Society: Tribal Studies.'' Vol. 5). Concept Publishers, Neu-Delhi, Indien 2002, ISBN 81-7022-983-9, S. 265–282.</ref><ref name="khyber">[http://www.khyber.org/pashtotribes/trees/qaisabdulrashid.shtml Family Tree of Qais Abdul Rashid:] ''Kaka Zai'' unter den Nachkommen von ''Kharashboon'' (Khair ud Din).</ref><ref name="ritajoshi">Rita Joshi: ''The Afghan nobility and the Mughals: 1526–1707.'' Vikas Publ. House, Neu-Delhi 1985, ISBN 0-7069-2752-4, S. 9.</ref><ref name="grassroots">Pakistan Studies Centre: ''Grassroots''. vol. 15-16, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan 1990, S. 74.</ref><ref name="rubyamehdi">Rubya Mehdi: ''Gender and Property Law in Pakistan: Resources and Discourses.'' Vanguard 2002, ISBN 969-402-369-6, S. 181.</ref><ref name="military">[https://play.google.com/store/books/details?id=9t8-AAAAYAAJ ''Military operations on the north-west frontiers of India, Papers regarding the British relations with the neighboring tribes of the north-west frontier of India, 1897-98.''] Originally Published by Great Britain. India Office 1898, S. 129.</ref>
[[File:Mamudandmahsudkhel.jpg|thumb|150px|Daulat Khel, Maghdud Khel, Mahsud Khel and Mahmud Khel, Sub-divisions of Kakazai Pashtun Tribe :: Courtesy: The British Library]]


== Etymologie ==
The '''Kakazai''' ({{lang-ps|[[:ps:کاکازي|کاکازي / ککےزي / ککازي]]}}, [[Urdu]], {{lang-fa|{{Nastaliq|کاکازَئی / کَکےزَئی / کَکازَئی}}}}),<ref name="tareekh"/><ref name="dictionary"/><ref name="dictionary"/><ref name="archive"/><ref name="abdulmajid"/><ref name="scprd1"/><ref name="hayateafghani"/><ref name="shabuddin"/><ref name="scprd2"/><ref name="flickr"/><ref name="khanroshankhan"/><ref name="kkaziz"/><ref name="تزکرہ">[http://kitabtoon.com/kitabona/tarikh/270-tazkara تذکره - د پښتنو اصليت او د هغوئ تاريخ - ليکـوال: روشن خان , نرګس سيماب] - pp ۲۱۲-۲۱۶ (in Pashto)</ref><ref name="tolafghanistan">{{cite news|last=افغانستاند|first=ټول|title=پښتانه څوک دی ؟ لمړۍ برخه|url=http://www.tolafghanistan.com/%D9%BE%DA%9A%D8%AA%D8%A7-%D9%86%D9%87-%DA%85%D9%88%DA%A9-%D8%AF%D9%8A/|newspaper=ددي ويبپاڼي د مضامينو بيا نشرول چه مأخذ يی ټول افغانستان ياد شي مجاز دئ|date=2013-06-23|language=Pashto}}</ref><ref name="khyberwatch">[http://www.khyber.org/tribes/web/ppl/f/b/bff7bb635f68423d08572ce3bf.shtml Ancestor Database :: Spelled as ''Kaka Zai | کاکازي'' under the offsprings of''Mashar Mamond | مشر ماموند'' ::]</ref> also known as '''Loi''' or '''Loye Mamund''' ({{lang-ps|لوی ماموند}}; {{lang-ur|لو ئے / لوئی مَاموند }}), a division of the [[Mamund]] clan,<ref name="dictionary"/><ref name="archive"/><ref name="khyberwatch"/><ref name="winstonchurchill1">{{cite book|last=Churchill|first=Winston S.|title=The Story of the Malakand Field Force: An Episode of the Frontier War|year=1897|publisher=Kessinger Publishing, LLC|isbn=978-1419184109|page=91}}</ref><ref name="haroonrashid">{{cite book|last=Rasheed|first=Haroon|title=History of the Pathans: The Sarabani Pathans, Vol 2|year=2002|publisher=Haroon Rashid&nbsp;— Original from the University of Michigan|asin=B00AJIRNNU|pages=257–262}}</ref><ref name="christinenoelle">{{cite book|last=Noelle|first=Christine|title=State and Tribe in Nineteenth-Century Afghanistan: The Reign of Amir Dost Muhammad Khan (1826-1863)|year=1997|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0700706297|pages=179–192}}</ref><ref name="ahmacmahon"/> are part of the larger [[Tarkani]] ([[:ps:ترکاڼي (ټبر)|ترکاڼي]]) tribe<ref name="abdulmajid">قوم ککے زئی کی اصلیت، مُصنّف مولانا عبدالمجید، رسالہ افغان ککے زئی علی گڑھ ، بابتِ ماہِ نومبر ۱۹۲۸ء درج ازہدایتِ افغانی المعروف تاریخِ ککے زئی ترکانی از ہدایت اللہ سوہدری، فینسی اسٹیم پریس. وزیرآباد ۱۹۳۳ء صفحہ ۱۳۲ - ۱۴۳ (in Urdu)</ref><ref name="scprd1">{{cite news|last=حداد فرهاد|first=ارواښاد قدرت الله |title=دهند په مغولي امپراتورۍ کې|url=http://www.scprd.com/paos_show.php?id=2242|newspaper=Sapi's Center for Pashto Research & Development|date=2013-03-01|language=Pashto}}</ref><ref name="hayateafghani">حیاتِ افغانی، طبع اوّل، صفحہ ۲۱۳ مؤلفہ محمد حیات خان ، درج از ہدایتِ افغانی المعروف تاریخِ ککے زئی ترکانی از ہدایت اللہ سوہدری، فینسی اسٹیم پریس. وزیرآباد ۱۹۳۳ء صفحہ ۱۳۲ (in Urdu)</ref><ref name="shabuddin">تاریخ افاغنہ، حصہ اول، طبع دوم، صفحہ ۱۰۷ مؤلفہ شہاب الدین ثاقب، مطبوعہ حمیدیہ پریس، لاہور، درج ازہدایتِ افغانی المعروف تاریخِ ککے زئی ترکانی از ہدایت اللہ سوہدری، فینسی اسٹیم پریس. وزیرآباد ۱۹۳۳ء صفحہ ۱۳۲ (in Urdu)</ref><ref name="scprd2">{{cite news|last=ښاد جبارخېل|first=ډاکټر قاضي.ح . |title=خپلواکي پوهنـــــــه -دپښتنو هجرتونه دلوى افغانستان دجوړېدلو لامل دى - ٣
Der Name "Kakazai" bedeutet "Nachkommen von ''Kakae'' oder ''Kaka''" (ein Patronym).<ref name="tareekh">[https://www.flickr.com/photos/43961546@N00/63104563/ ''Tareekh-e-Kakazai Tarkani (a.k.a. Hidayat Afghani-Tareekh-e-Kakazai Tarkani - Originally Published May, 1933)''] auf flickr.com</ref> Es ist auch die Funktionsbezeichnung für den Onkel väterlicherseits.<ref>{{Webarchiv|url=http://www.qamosona.com//AA/g1/index.php?a=term&d=15&t=19162Pashto |wayback=20131230231959 |text=- English Large Dictionary |archiv-bot=2019-04-21 23:02:41 InternetArchiveBot }}</ref> ''Zai'' = ''Nachfahre/Kind von'' wird auch bei anderen [[Paschtunen|paschtunischen]] Stammesnamen, wie bei den [[Yousufzai (Stamm)|Yousafzai]] verwendet. Schreibvarianten sind: Kakizi, Kakaezai, Kakezai, Kakaizai, Kakay Zai, Kakayzai, Kakeyzai, Kaka Zai und Kakkayzai.<ref name="henrydavies">Captain Henry Davies: ''Customary law of the Gujrat district.'' Civil and Military Gazette Press, British India 1892: 2.</ref><ref name="report">K. Santanam: [https://books.google.com/books?id=39QBAAAAMAAJ ''Report of the commissioners appointed by the Punjab sub-committee of the Indian national congress.''] Indian National Congress, Punjab Subcommittee, British India 1920, S. 290, 291.</ref>
|url=http://www.scprd.com/navi_leekane_show.php?id=534|newspaper=Sapi's Center for Pashto Research & Development|date=2008-12-20|language=Pashto}}</ref><ref name="tolafghanistan"/><ref name="ahmacmahon">{{cite book|last=A. H. McMahon and|first=A. D. G. Ramsay|title=Report on the tribes of Dir, Swat, and Bajour together with the Utman-khel and Sam Ranizai|year=1901|publisher=Saeed Book Bank, Pakistan|asin=B0006EF1OA|page=9}}</ref><ref name="britannica">{{cite encyclopedia |year=1952 |title=Tarkanri |encyclopedia=Britannica |publisher=Encyclopedia Britannica: A New Survey of Universal Knowledge |volume=21 |location=United Kingdom |id=ASIN B004HZTLWW |page=816}}</ref><ref name="worldmuslim">{{cite encyclopedia |origyear=1952 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hMTXAAAAMAAJ |title=Tarkanri&nbsp;— Tribes, Castes and Communities |volume=3 |year=2001 |encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia of the World Muslims |publisher=Global Vision Publishing House |isbn=9788187746072 |page=1007}}</ref><ref name="haroldwylly">{{cite book|last=Wylly|first=Harold Carmichael |title=From the Black Mountain to Waziristan|year=1912|publisher=Macmillan Company, United Kingdom|asin=B0014IYPC6|page=155}}</ref> who are mainly settled in [[Bajaur Agency]], Pakistan, but originally hailed from the [[Laghman province]] of [[Afghanistan]]. However, it has grown and scattered around to such an extent that it is recognized as tribe of its own.<ref name="tareekh">[https://www.flickr.com/photos/43961546@N00/63104563/ ''"Tareekh-e-Kakazai Tarkani"''] (a.k.a.''"Hidayat Afghani-Tareekh-e-Kakazai [[Tarkani]]"'' - (Originally Published May 1933 in Urdu)</ref><ref name="dictionary">[https://archive.org/download/ADictionaryOfThePathanTribesCORRECT/A%20Dictionary%20of%20the%20Pathan%20Tribes%20-%201910.pdf''"A Dictionary of the Pathan Tribes of the North West Frontier of India"''] (Part I. North of the Kabul River, including all Mohmands, and tribes west of the Indus), published by The General Staff Army Headquarter, Calcutta, India -(Originally Published 1910) :: The ''Kakazai'' Pashtuns are mentioned on Page 22 (under ‘K’ -''Kakazai''), Page 12 (under ‘D’ -''[[Daulat Khel]]'' - A sub-division of Kakazai Pathans), Page 26 (under 'K' - ''[[Khulozai]]'' - A sub-division of Kakazai Pathans), Page 29 (under ‘M’ -''[[Maghdud Khel]]'', ''[[Mahsud Khel]]'' and ''[[Mahmud Khel]]'' - sub-divisions of Kakazai Pathans), Page 47 (under 'U' - ''[[Umar Khel]]'' - A sub-division of Kakazai Pathans) and Page 50 (under 'Y' -''[[Yusaf Khel]]'' - A sub-division of Kakazai Pathans)</ref><ref name="archive">[https://archive.org/search.php?query=Frontier%20and%20Overseas%20Expeditions%20from%20India%20AND%20mediatype%3Atexts%20AND%20collection%3Amillionbooks ''"Frontier and Overseas Expeditions from India"''] Volume One published by Government Mono Type Press, Simla, India - (Originally Published 1907) :: ''Kakazai / Kakayzai'' Pathan Tribe is mentioned between Page 515- 555-You can read these volumes online, thanks to Internet Archives though their market value is around $11000 ::</ref><ref name="تزکرہ"/><ref name="tolafghanistan"/><ref name="khyberwatch"/><ref name="britannica"/><ref name="worldmuslim"/><ref name="haroldwylly"/><ref name="berntglatzer">{{cite book|last=D. K. Behera (eds.)|first=G. Pfeffer & |title=The Pashtun Tribal System by Bernt Glatzer&nbsp;— Chapter 10 in: Concept of Tribal Society (Contemporary Society: Tribal Studies, Vol 5)|year=2002|publisher=Concept Publishers, New Delhi, India|isbn=9788170229834|pages=265–282}}</ref><ref name="khyber">[http://www.khyber.org/pashtotribes/trees/qaisabdulrashid.shtml Family Tree of Qais Abdul Rashid :: Spelled as ''Kaka Zai'' under the offsprings of ''Kharashboon'' (Khair ud Din) ::]</ref><ref name="latifyaad">[http://www.khyber.org/books/latifyada.pdf پښتانه قبيلی وپېژنئ - ډاکټر لطيف ياد - خېبر وېب پاڼه]- pp 86-89 & 261-262 & 310-312 (in Pashto)</ref><ref name="ritajoshi">{{cite book|last=Joshi|first=Rita|title=The Afghan nobility and the Mughals: 1526-1707|year=1985|publisher=Vikas Publ. House, New Delhi, India|isbn=978-0706927528|page=9}}</ref><ref name="grassroots">{{cite journal | last =Centre | first =Pakistan Studies | title =Grassroots |volume =15-16 | pages =74 | publisher =University of Sindh| location =Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan | year =1990 }}</ref><ref name="rubyamehdi">{{cite book|last=Mehdi|first=Rubya|title=Gender and Property Law in Pakistan: Resources and Discourses|year=2002|publisher=Vanguard|isbn=9694023696|page=181}}</ref><ref name="military">[https://play.google.com/store/books/details?id=9t8-AAAAYAAJ ''"Military operations on the north-west frontiers of India, Papers regarding the British relations with the neighboring tribes of the north-west frontier of India, 1897-98"'']-Originally Published by Great Britain. India Office - 1898 (Page Number: 129)</ref>


In Paschtu: کاکازي / کاکازي / ککےزي
==Etymology==


Und in Farsi: کاکازَئی / کَکےزَئی
The name "Kakazai" means "descendants/offspring/children of ''Kakae'' or ''Kaka''" (in [[Pashto language|Pashto]], ''Kaka'' or ''Kakae'' = a contemporary Afghan name for a male.<ref name="tareekh"/><ref name="khanroshankhan"/><ref name="khyberwatch"/><ref name="latifyaad"/> It is also used for Paternal Uncle.<ref>[http://www.qamosona.com//AA/g1/index.php?a=term&d=15&t=19162Pashto - English Large Dictionary]</ref> ''Zai'' = ''descendants/offspring/children of'', a root also used in other [[Pashtuns|Pashtun]] tribes such as [[Yousafzai]]). Spelling variants include: Kakizi, Kakaezai, Kakezai, Kakaizai, Kakay Zai, Kakayzai, Kakeyzai, Kaka Zai and Kakkayzai.<ref name="flickr">[https://www.flickr.com/photos/43961546@N00/30687265/in/photostream/ Kakezai/Kakazai Afghan/Pathan Tribe, ''Tazkara'' by Khan Roshan khan] online scans of Urdu text</ref><ref name="kkaziz">{{cite book|last=Aziz|first=Khursheed Kamal|title=A Journey into the Past|year=2007|publisher=Vanguard, Pakistan|isbn=978-9694024998|page=721}}</ref><ref name="henrydavies">{{cite book|last=Davies|first=Captain Henry|title=Customary law of the Gujrat district|year=1892|publisher=Civil and Military Gazette Press, British India|page=2}}</ref><ref name="report">[https://books.google.com/books?id=39QBAAAAMAAJ ''"Report of the commissioners appointed by the Punjab sub-committee of the Indian national congress"''] - Indian National Congress. Punjab Subcommittee, K. Santanam, British India, 1920 (Page Number: 290, 291)</ref>


==History==
== Geschichte ==
Die Kakazai kamen, zusammen mit anderen Paschtunen, im Verlauf mehrerer Invasionen bis nach Südasien, unter anderem in den Kriegszügen von [[Mahmud von Ghazni]] und [[Bahlul Lodi]] und siedelten sich im Verlauf dieser Wanderungsbewegungen in verschiedenen Regionen an.<ref name="khanroshankhan">''"Tazkara"'' (also called''"Tazkira-e-pathan"''), [[Khan Roshan khan]], S. 176–181 (in Urdu).</ref>


[[Pir Moazzam Shah]] weist auf die kriegerische Herkunft der Kakazai-Paschtunen in seinem Buch ''Tawareekh-e-Hafiz Rahmat Khani'' hin<ref name="Tawareekh-e-Rahmat">Pir Moazzam Shah: ''Tawareekh-e-Hafiz Rahmat Khani.'' Herausgegeben von ''Roshan Khan'', Pashto Academy, Peshawar University 1976, S. 89–91. Original 1624 AD.</ref> und [[Olaf Caroe]] schreibt in seinem Buch ''The Pathans 550 BC-AD 1957''<ref name="The Pathans">Sir Olaf Caroe: ''The Pathans 550 BC-AD 1957.'' Macmillan Company, 1958, S. 184–185; Reprinted Oxford University Press 2003.</ref> über eine Schlacht zwischen den [[Yousufzai (Stamm)|Yousafzais]] und den [[Dilazak]]s, in der Malik Haibu (Dilazak) den ersten Schwertschlag von einem '''Payenda Kakazai Tarklanri''' erhielt, letztlich aber von '''Burhan Kakazai Tarklanri''' enthauptet wurde. Damals kämpften diese beiden Krieger auf der Seite der Yousafzais mit dem Ziel, [[Bajour]] von den Dilazaks zu erobern.<ref name="khanroshankhan" />
===Early History===
The Kakazai, along-with other [[Pashtuns|Pashtun]] tribes, came to [[South Asia]] during invasions such as those of [[Mahmud of Ghazni]] and [[Bahlul Lodi]], settling in various regions.<ref name="tareekh"/><ref name="dictionary"/><ref name="khanroshankhan">''"Tazkara"'' (also called''"Tazkira-e-pathan"''), [[Khan Roshan khan]], pp 176-181 (in Urdu).</ref><ref name="khanroshankhan"/><ref name="ritajoshi"/>


Für die Invasionsarmeen wurden das [[Punjab]] und weitere Gebiete in Nordindien ein Rückzugsort mit Rasthäusern, Quartieren und Grenzposten, die zur Überwachung der Region dienten, aber auch Informationen über Schwachstellen anderer Staaten sammelten. Es waren vor allem Offiziere, die sich mit ihren Familien in dieser Region ansiedelten.
Noting the martial legacy of the Kakazai [[Pashtuns]], [[Pir Moazzam Shah]] in his book ''‘Tawareekh-e-Hafiz Rahmat Khani’'' (Page 89-91 - Originally Published in 1624 AD) and [[Olaf Caroe]] in his book ''‘The Pathans 550 BC-AD 1957’'' (Page 184-185 - First published in 1958), wrote about a battle between the [[Yousafzai]]s and the [[Dilazak]]s in which Malik Haibu ([[Dilazak]]) was given the first sword blow by Payenda Kakazai Tarklanri but eventually got beheaded by Burhan Kakazai Tarklanri sword blow while fighting on the side of the [[Yousafzai]]s in order to aid them to conquer [[Bajour]] from the [[Dilazak]]s.<ref name="khanroshankhan"/><ref name="Tawareekh-e-Rahmat">"Tawareekh-e-Hafiz Rahmat Khani" by Pir Moazzam Shah rearranged with notes by 'Roshan Khan', Published by Pashto Academy, Peshawar University (1976), (Page 89-91 - Originally Published in 1624 AD)</ref><ref name="The Pathans">The Pathans 550 BC-AD 1957 by Sir Olaf Caroe, (Page 184-185 - First published in 1958), Macmillan Company, Reprinted Oxford University Press, 2003</ref>
Die Gebiete von [[Khyber Pakhtunkhwa]] und der afghanische [[Paschtunen]]-Gürtel sind wenig fruchtbare Gebiete und können nur eine begrenzte Zahl von Einwohnern ernähren. Sobald die Bevölkerung oder die Größe eines Stammes eine bestimmte Zahl überschritt, machte sich ein Teil auf um weiter nach Osten in fruchtbarere Gebiete wie [[Sindh]], Punjab oder [[Kaschmir]] zu ziehen oder wurde selbst von anderen Stämmen auf der Suche nach produktivem Ackerland vertrieben. Das Gebiet von [[Sialkot]] beispielsweise, ähnlich wie [[Faisalabad]], [[Wazirabad]] und Teile von Lahore, hatte viel fruchtbares Ackerland und wurde nacheinander von verschiedenen paschtunischen Familien regiert, von denen viele Kakazai waren, aber auch [[Burki]] und [[Niazi]].<ref name="The Pathans" />


=== Britische Raj-Ära ===
For the invading armies, much of [[Punjab]] and other areas became a repository with rest houses, cantonments and border posts established to keep an eye on things in the region as well as to keep abreast of any new information (such as the possible weakening of another empire etc.), and many officers along with their families would settle there. As is still very true in large areas of [[Khyber Pakhtunkhwa]] and [[Afghanistan]]'s [[Pashtuns|Pashtun]] belt, the land is often quite barren and hostile only capable of hosting a limited population. Once the population or a tribe's numbers exceeded a certain threshold, they would often travel East to more settled areas ([[Sindh]], [[Punjab]], [[Kashmir]] etc.) or would be pushed out by other tribes in the search of productive agricultural land. The area of [[Sialkot]] principally, as well as [[Faisalabad]], [[Wazirabad]] and parts of Lahore ideal place for that homeless Pashtun nomads.<ref name="tareekh"/><ref name="dictionary"/><ref name="khanroshankhan"/><ref name="The Pathans"/>
Viele Kakazai, [[Burki]] und andere berühmte paschtunische Familien hatten sich in der Kolonialzeit in den Distrikten [[Jalandhar]] und [[Gurdaspur]] von [[Britisch-Indien]] angesiedelt, wo sie regelrechte Kolonien gebildet hatten. Eine Hauptgruppe der Kakazai aus Gurdaspur, [[East Punjab]] siedelte in zwölf Dörfern (u. a. Babal Chak, Faizullah Chak, Sut Kohiah (Satkoha), Wazir Chak) in der Umgebung von ''Dhariwal''. Im Zuge der pakistanischen Unabhängigkeitsbewegung (Pakistan Movement) 1947 wurde den Einwohnern versprochen, an Pakistan angeschlossen zu werden, da sie überwiegend Muslime waren. In der Folge gerieten sie jedoch zwischen die Fronten und wurden vertrieben, da das Gebiet doch [[Indien]] zugeschlagen wurde.<ref>[http://www.cyberistan.org/misub28294445.pdf Muslims in the Indian subcontinent 617-1290 C.E.] (PDF format)</ref><ref>{{Webarchiv|url=http://zararshaheedtrust.org/incident/inside/zarar.html |wayback=20050513050141 |text=Lieutenant Zarar Ahmad |archiv-bot=2019-04-21 23:02:41 InternetArchiveBot }} Account of 1947 events in Gurdaspur</ref>


===British-Raj Era===
=== Gegenwart ===
Heute lebt der Großteil der Kakazai in Pakistan und Afghanistan.


In Afghanistan befinden sich die Hauptsiedlungsgebiete in der Provinz [[Kunar]] in den Distrikten [[Marawara]] und den Gebieten um Barkanai und Shortan, außerdem in einigen Gebieten von Laghman.
Many Kakazai, [[Burki]] and other notable [[Pashtuns|Pashtun]] families had previously settled in [[Jalandhar]] and [[Gurdaspur]] districts of Pre-independent [[British India]] where they had set up colonies. A major Kakazai group from [[Gurdaspur]], [[East Punjab]], [[India]] settled in twelve villages, including Babal Chak, Faizullah Chak, Sut Kohiah (Satkoha), and Wazir Chak, near [http://www.mypind.com/vlgurd.htm Dhariwal]. At the [[Pakistan Movement|independence]] in August 1947, having been initially told they (being Muslim) would be in [[Pakistan]], they were caught up in the ensuing violence and the survivors displaced when their area became part of [[India]].<ref name="henrydavies"/><ref name="report"/><ref>[http://www.cyberistan.org/misub28294445.pdf Muslims in the Indian subcontinent 617-1290 C.E.] (PDF format)</ref><ref>[http://www.unc.edu/depts/diplomat/archives_roll/2002_01-03/chester_partition/chester_partition.html The 1947 Partition: drawing the Indo-Pakistani boundary]</ref><ref>[http://zararshaheedtrust.org/incident/inside/zarar.html Lieutenant Zarar Ahmad] Account of 1947 events in Gurdaspur</ref><ref name="imtiazahmed">{{cite book|last=Ahmad|first=Imtiaz|title=Caste and Social Stratification among the Muslims|year=1973|publisher=Manohor Book Service, India|asin=B0043KE1TE|pages=137, 148}}</ref>


In Pakistan sind die Familienmitglieder über alle Provinzen verstreut, Schwerpunkte gibt es in den Gebieten ''Dara Kakazai'' (Tal von Watelai, auch: [[Mamund]]-Tal),<ref>Dara Kakazai (Valley of [[Watelai]] or Mamund Valley), Federally Administered Tribal Area in NWFP province, Pakistan</ref> [[Bajaur]] ([[Lagharai]], [[Kalozai]], [[Kaga (Pakistan)|Kaga]], [[Mukha (Pakistan)|Mukha]], [[Maina (Pakistan)|Maina]] und [[Ghakhi]] in Tehsil Mamund), [[Lahore]],<ref name="edwardbalfour">{{Literatur |Autor=Edward Balfour |Titel=The Cyclopædia of India and of Eastern and Southern Asia, Third Edition |Verlag=Originally Published by Bernard Quaritch, 15 Piccadilly, London, United Kingdom |Datum=1885 |ISBN=1-130-14910-2 |Seiten=655 |Online=https://books.google.com/books?id=yvNWAAAAMAAJ}}</ref> [[Abbottabad]], [[Peschawar]], [[Sialkot]] (Wo Kakazai noch immer zu den beherrschenden Stämmen gehören und große Ländereien besitzen.), [[Dera Ghazi Khan]], [[Quetta]], [[Karatschi]], [[Kaschmir]], [[Jhelam (Distrikt)|Jhelum]], [[Bhalwal]], [[Sargodha]], [[Chakwal]], [[Gujrat]], [[Chak Karal]], [[Isa Khel (Pakistan)|Isa Khel]], [[Musa Khel]], [[Killi Kakazai]] ([[Pishin District|Pishin]], [[Belutschistan (Pakistan)|Belutschistan]]).<ref name="mahmoodshah">{{Literatur |Autor=Mahmood Ali Shah |Titel=Sardari, jirga & local government systems in Balochistan |Verlag=Edara-e-Tadrees, Pakistan |Datum=1994 |Seiten=9, 148}}</ref><ref name="biographical">[https://books.google.com/books?id=sGtmAAAAMAAJ ''Biographical Encyclopedia of Pakistan.''] Biographical Research Institute, Pakistan, 1961, S. 550, 906.</ref>
===Modern Era===
Today, the majority of the Kakazai reside in Pakistan and Afghanistan.


Viele der Kakazai-Paschtunen, die nicht in Paschtu-sprachigen Gebieten ansässig sind, sprechen verständlicherweise auch nicht mehr die Sprache ihrer Herkunft, halten jedoch oft an [[Pashtunwali]] (Ehrenkodex) und Tracht, Küche und martialischem Erbe fest. Viele Kakazai sprechen heute [[Urdu]], [[Panjabi]], [[Saraiki]], [[Hindko]] und [[Belutschische Sprache|Balutschi]].
In Afghanistan, they reside in [[Marawara District]], and the Barkanai and Shortan areas of [[Kunar Province|Kunar]]<ref name="scprd3">{{cite news|last=خوږياڼى|first=قتيل|title=کونړ د تاريخ په اوږدو کښې|url=http://www.scprd.com/navi_leekane_show.php?id=795|newspaper=Sapi's Center for Pashto Research & Development|date=2009-08-26|language=Pashto}}</ref> as well as some areas of [[Laghman Province|Laghman]].<ref name="latifyaad"/>


== Unterfamilien ==
In Pakistan, they reside in all provinces, particularly in the areas of Dara Kakazai (Valley of Watelai, also known as [[Mamund]] Valley),<ref>Dara Kakazai (Valley of [[Watelai]] or Mamund Valley), Federally Administered Tribal Area in NWFP province, Pakistan ::</ref> [[Bajaur Agency]] ([[Lagharai]], [[Kalozai]], [[Kaga Province|Kaga]], [[Mukha, Pakistan|Mukha]], [[Maina, Pakistan|Maina]] and [[Ghakhi]] areas of Tehsil [[Mamund]]), [[Lahore]],<ref name="edwardbalfour">{{cite book|last=Balfour|first=Edward|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yvNWAAAAMAAJ |title=The Cyclopædia of India and of Eastern and Southern Asia, Third Edition|year=1885|publisher=Originally Published by Bernard Quaritch, 15 Piccadilly, London, United Kingdom|isbn=978-1130149104|page=655}}</ref><ref name="hassanmeraj">{{cite news|last=معراج|first=محمد حسن|title=گلی اور محلہ|url=http://urdu.dawn.com/2013/01/21/gali-aur-muhalla-shahidra-iii-aq/|newspaper=ڈان اردو / ڈان میڈیا گروپ|date=January 21, 2013}}</ref> [[Abbottabad]], [[Peshawar]], [[Sialkot]] (The Kakazai are still among the dominant tribes in [[Sialkot]] despite city's cosmopolitan flavor, and are still the original owners of vast swathes of prime land in this district.),<ref name="hassanmeraj2">{{cite news|last=معراج|first=محمد حسن|title=پرسرور اور پرسو رام،|url=http://urdu.dawn.com/2012/11/05/pur-suroor-and-parsu-ram-aq/|newspaper=ڈان اردو / ڈان میڈیا گروپ|date=November 5, 2012}}</ref> [[Dera Ghazi Khan]], [[Quetta]], [[Karachi]], [[Kashmir]], [[Jhelum District|Jehlum]], [[Bhalwal]], [[Sargodha]], [[Chakwal]], [[Gujrat, Chak Karal]], [[Isa Khel]], [[Musakhel District, Pakistan|Musa Khel]], and [[Killi Kakazai]] ([[Pishin District|Pishin]], [[Balochistan (Pakistan)|Baluchistan]]).<ref name="latifyaad"/><ref name="report"/><ref name="mahmoodshah">{{cite book|last=Shah|first=Mahmood Ali|title=Sardari, jirga & local government systems in Balochistan|year=1994|publisher=Edara-e-Tadrees, Pakistan|asin=B0000CP59E|pages=9, 148}}</ref><ref name="biographical">[https://books.google.com/books?id=sGtmAAAAMAAJ''"Biographical Encyclopedia of Pakistan"''] - Biographical Research Institute, Pakistan, 1961 (Page Number: 550, 906)</ref>
* Daulat Khel
* Khulozai
* Mahsud Khel
* Maghdud Khel
* Mahmud Khel
* Umar Khel
* Yusaf Khel


== Siehe auch ==
Consequently, the Kakazai [[Pashtuns|Pashtun]]s not residing in [[Pashto language|Pashto]]-speaking areas, despite practicing [[Pashtunwali]] and maintaining dress, cuisine and martial legacy as per their [[Pashtuns|Pashtun]] traditions, do not exclusively speak [[Pushtu language|Pashto]] but may speak other languages indigenous to [[Pakistan]] such as [[Urdu]], [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]], [[Siraiki language|Siraiki]], [[Hindko]] and [[Balochi language|Balochi]] .<ref name="flickr"/><ref name="khanroshankhan"/><ref name="latifyaad"/>
* [[List of Kakazai people]]


==Sub-divisions==
== Quellen ==
* abdulmajid:قوم ککے زئی کی اصلیت، مُصنّف مولانا عبدالمجید، رسالہ افغان ککے زئی علی گڑھ ، بابتِ ماہِ نومبر ۱۹۲۸ء درج ازہدایتِ افغانی المعروف تاریخِ ککے زئی ترکانی از ہدایت اللہ سوہدری، فینسی اسٹیم پریس. وزیرآباد ۱۹۳۳ء صفحہ ۱۳۲ - ۱۴۳ (Urdu)
*Daulat Khel
* حداد فرهاد|first=ارواښاد قدرت الله |title=دهند په مغولي امپراتورۍ کې [http://www.scprd.com/paos_show.php?id=2242 Sapi's Center for Pashto Research & Development] 1. März 2013 (Paschtu)
*Khulozai
* hayateafghani:حیاتِ افغانی، طبع اوّل، صفحہ ۲۱۳ مؤلفہ محمد حیات خان ، درج از ہدایتِ افغانی المعروف تاریخِ ککے زئی ترکانی از ہدایت اللہ سوہدری، فینسی اسٹیم پریس. وزیرآباد ۱۹۳۳ء صفحہ ۱۳۲ (Urdu)
*Mahsud Khel
* shabuddin:تاریخ افاغنہ، حصہ اول، طبع دوم، صفحہ ۱۰۷ مؤلفہ شہاب الدین ثاقب، مطبوعہ حمیدیہ پریس، لاہور، درج ازہدایتِ افغانی المعروف تاریخِ ککے زئی ترکانی از ہدایت اللہ سوہدری، فینسی اسٹیم پریس. وزیرآباد ۱۹۳۳ء صفحہ ۱۳۲ (Urdu)
*Maghdud Khel
* [http://www.scprd.com/navi_leekane_show.php?id=534 Sapi's Center for Pashto Research & Development.]: ښاد جبارخېل|first=ډاکټر قاضي.ح . |title=خپلواکي پوهنـــــــه -دپښتنو هجرتونه دلوى افغانستان دجوړېدلو لامل دى - ٣
*Mahmud Khel
* [http://kitabtoon.com/kitabona/tarikh/270-tazkara تذکره - د پښتنو اصليت او د هغوئ تاريخ - ليکـوال: روشن خان , نرګس سيماب] - pp ۲۱۲-۲۱۶ (in Paschtu)
*Umar Khel
* tolafghanistan افغانستاند|first=ټول|title=پښتانه څوک دی ؟ لمړۍ برخه [http://www.tolafghanistan.com/%D9%BE%DA%9A%D8%AA%D8%A7-%D9%86%D9%87-%DA%85%D9%88%DA%A9-%D8%AF%D9%8A/ ددي ويبپاڼي د مضامينو بيا نشرول چه مأخذ يی ټول افغانستان ياد شي مجاز دئ] 23. Juni 2013 (Paschtu)
*Yusaf Khel
* latifyaad: [http://www.khyber.org/books/latifyada.pdf پښتانه قبيلی وپېژنئ - ډاکټر لطيف ياد - خېبر وېب پاڼه]: 86–89 & 261–262 & 310–312 (Paschtu)
* خوږياڼى|first=قتيل|title=کونړ د تاريخ په اوږدو کښې [http://www.scprd.com/navi_leekane_show.php?id=795 scprd.com] Sapi's Center for Pashto Research & Development|date=2009-08-26 (Paschtu)
* hassanmeraj معراج|first=محمد حسن|title=گلی اور محلہ [http://urdu.dawn.com/2013/01/21/gali-aur-muhalla-shahidra-iii-aq/ڈان اردو / ڈان میڈیا گروپ] 21. Januar 2013.
* hassanmeraj2 معراج|first=محمد حسن|title=پرسرور اور پرسو رام، [http://urdu.dawn.com/2012/11/05/pur-suroor-and-parsu-ram-aq/ urdu.dawn.com]ڈان اردو / ڈان میڈیا گروپ|date=5. November 2012.
* [http://www.unc.edu/depts/diplomat/archives_roll/2002_01-03/chester_partition/chester_partition.html The 1947 Partition: drawing the Indo-Pakistani boundary.] unc.edu.


==See also==
== Literatur ==
* Mohammad Hanif: [http://eprints.hec.gov.pk/7197/1/4041H.htm ''Life and Works of Hazrat Mian Mohammad Umar Chamkani.''] University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan 1980, S. 404–405.
*[[List of Kakazai people]]
* Khursheed Kamal Aziz: ''A Journey into the Past.'' Vanguard, Pakistan 2007, ISBN 978-969-402-499-8, S. 721.
* {{Literatur |Autor=Imtiaz Ahmad |Titel=Caste and Social Stratification among the Muslims |Verlag=Manohor Book Service |Ort=India |Datum=1973 |Seiten=137, 148}}
* Winston S. Churchill: ''The Story of the Malakand Field Force: An Episode of the Frontier War.'' Kessinger Publishing, 2004, ISBN 1-4191-8410-5, S. 91.


==References==
== Weblinks ==
* [http://www.khyber.org/tribes/web/ppl/f/b/bff7bb635f68423d08572ce3bf.shtml Ancestor Database :: Spelled as ''Kaka Zai | کاکازي'' under the offsprings of ''Mashar Mamond | مشر ماموند'']
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}


== Einzelnachweise ==
{{Pashtun tribes}}
<references />


[[Kategorie:Individuelle Familie]]
[[Category:Sarbani Pashtun tribes]]
[[Kategorie:Paschtunen]]
[[Category:People from the Federally Administered Tribal Areas|Bajaur Agency]]
[[Category:People from Bajaur Agency]]
[[Category:Ethnic groups in Laghman Province]]
[[Category:Ethnic groups in Kunar Province]]

Aktuelle Version vom 25. Mai 2022, 13:58 Uhr

Stammbaum von Qais Abdul Rashid von den Kakazai-Pashtunen.

Die Kakazai oder Kakasai (paschtunisch ککازي, Urdu, persisch کَکازَئی),[1][2] auch: Loi, Loye Mamund (paschtunisch لوی ماموند; Urdu لو ئے / لوئی مَاموند) sind ein Teil des Mamund-Clans,[3][4][5][6][7] und gehören damit zum Stamm der Tarkani (paschtunisch ترکاڼي (ټبر) ترکاڼي).[8][9][10] Heute lebt der größte Teil des Clans in Bajaur, Pakistan. Die Ursprünge liegen jedoch in der Provinz Laghman in Afghanistan. Die Familie hat sich so stark vermehrt, dass sie mittlerweile als eigener Stamm angesprochen werden kann.[11][12][13][14][15][16]

Der Name "Kakazai" bedeutet "Nachkommen von Kakae oder Kaka" (ein Patronym).[17] Es ist auch die Funktionsbezeichnung für den Onkel väterlicherseits.[18] Zai = Nachfahre/Kind von wird auch bei anderen paschtunischen Stammesnamen, wie bei den Yousafzai verwendet. Schreibvarianten sind: Kakizi, Kakaezai, Kakezai, Kakaizai, Kakay Zai, Kakayzai, Kakeyzai, Kaka Zai und Kakkayzai.[19][20]

In Paschtu: کاکازي / کاکازي / ککےزي

Und in Farsi: کاکازَئی / کَکےزَئی

Die Kakazai kamen, zusammen mit anderen Paschtunen, im Verlauf mehrerer Invasionen bis nach Südasien, unter anderem in den Kriegszügen von Mahmud von Ghazni und Bahlul Lodi und siedelten sich im Verlauf dieser Wanderungsbewegungen in verschiedenen Regionen an.[21]

Pir Moazzam Shah weist auf die kriegerische Herkunft der Kakazai-Paschtunen in seinem Buch Tawareekh-e-Hafiz Rahmat Khani hin[22] und Olaf Caroe schreibt in seinem Buch The Pathans 550 BC-AD 1957[23] über eine Schlacht zwischen den Yousafzais und den Dilazaks, in der Malik Haibu (Dilazak) den ersten Schwertschlag von einem Payenda Kakazai Tarklanri erhielt, letztlich aber von Burhan Kakazai Tarklanri enthauptet wurde. Damals kämpften diese beiden Krieger auf der Seite der Yousafzais mit dem Ziel, Bajour von den Dilazaks zu erobern.[21]

Für die Invasionsarmeen wurden das Punjab und weitere Gebiete in Nordindien ein Rückzugsort mit Rasthäusern, Quartieren und Grenzposten, die zur Überwachung der Region dienten, aber auch Informationen über Schwachstellen anderer Staaten sammelten. Es waren vor allem Offiziere, die sich mit ihren Familien in dieser Region ansiedelten. Die Gebiete von Khyber Pakhtunkhwa und der afghanische Paschtunen-Gürtel sind wenig fruchtbare Gebiete und können nur eine begrenzte Zahl von Einwohnern ernähren. Sobald die Bevölkerung oder die Größe eines Stammes eine bestimmte Zahl überschritt, machte sich ein Teil auf um weiter nach Osten in fruchtbarere Gebiete wie Sindh, Punjab oder Kaschmir zu ziehen oder wurde selbst von anderen Stämmen auf der Suche nach produktivem Ackerland vertrieben. Das Gebiet von Sialkot beispielsweise, ähnlich wie Faisalabad, Wazirabad und Teile von Lahore, hatte viel fruchtbares Ackerland und wurde nacheinander von verschiedenen paschtunischen Familien regiert, von denen viele Kakazai waren, aber auch Burki und Niazi.[23]

Britische Raj-Ära

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Viele Kakazai, Burki und andere berühmte paschtunische Familien hatten sich in der Kolonialzeit in den Distrikten Jalandhar und Gurdaspur von Britisch-Indien angesiedelt, wo sie regelrechte Kolonien gebildet hatten. Eine Hauptgruppe der Kakazai aus Gurdaspur, East Punjab siedelte in zwölf Dörfern (u. a. Babal Chak, Faizullah Chak, Sut Kohiah (Satkoha), Wazir Chak) in der Umgebung von Dhariwal. Im Zuge der pakistanischen Unabhängigkeitsbewegung (Pakistan Movement) 1947 wurde den Einwohnern versprochen, an Pakistan angeschlossen zu werden, da sie überwiegend Muslime waren. In der Folge gerieten sie jedoch zwischen die Fronten und wurden vertrieben, da das Gebiet doch Indien zugeschlagen wurde.[24][25]

Heute lebt der Großteil der Kakazai in Pakistan und Afghanistan.

In Afghanistan befinden sich die Hauptsiedlungsgebiete in der Provinz Kunar in den Distrikten Marawara und den Gebieten um Barkanai und Shortan, außerdem in einigen Gebieten von Laghman.

In Pakistan sind die Familienmitglieder über alle Provinzen verstreut, Schwerpunkte gibt es in den Gebieten Dara Kakazai (Tal von Watelai, auch: Mamund-Tal),[26] Bajaur (Lagharai, Kalozai, Kaga, Mukha, Maina und Ghakhi in Tehsil Mamund), Lahore,[27] Abbottabad, Peschawar, Sialkot (Wo Kakazai noch immer zu den beherrschenden Stämmen gehören und große Ländereien besitzen.), Dera Ghazi Khan, Quetta, Karatschi, Kaschmir, Jhelum, Bhalwal, Sargodha, Chakwal, Gujrat, Chak Karal, Isa Khel, Musa Khel, Killi Kakazai (Pishin, Belutschistan).[28][29]

Viele der Kakazai-Paschtunen, die nicht in Paschtu-sprachigen Gebieten ansässig sind, sprechen verständlicherweise auch nicht mehr die Sprache ihrer Herkunft, halten jedoch oft an Pashtunwali (Ehrenkodex) und Tracht, Küche und martialischem Erbe fest. Viele Kakazai sprechen heute Urdu, Panjabi, Saraiki, Hindko und Balutschi.

  • Daulat Khel
  • Khulozai
  • Mahsud Khel
  • Maghdud Khel
  • Mahmud Khel
  • Umar Khel
  • Yusaf Khel
  • Mohammad Hanif: Life and Works of Hazrat Mian Mohammad Umar Chamkani. University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan 1980, S. 404–405.
  • Khursheed Kamal Aziz: A Journey into the Past. Vanguard, Pakistan 2007, ISBN 978-969-402-499-8, S. 721.
  • Imtiaz Ahmad: Caste and Social Stratification among the Muslims. Manohor Book Service, India 1973, S. 137, 148.
  • Winston S. Churchill: The Story of the Malakand Field Force: An Episode of the Frontier War. Kessinger Publishing, 2004, ISBN 1-4191-8410-5, S. 91.

Einzelnachweise

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  1. Ancestor Database - Kaka Zai کاکازي. Khyber Gateway - Khyber.org 30. September 2016.
  2. Kakezai/Kakazai Afghan/Pathan Tribe, Tazkara by Khan Roshan khan online scans of Urdu text
  3. A Dictionary of the Pathan Tribes of the North West Frontier of India. (Part I. North of the Kabul River, including all Mohmands, and tribes west of the Indus), published by The General Staff Army Headquarters, Calcutta, India -(Originally Published 1910). Die Kakazai werden erwähnt auf den Seiten 22 (‘K’ - "Kakazai"), 12 (‘D’ -Daulat Khel - Eine Untergruppe der Kakazai), 26 ('K' - Khulozai - Untergruppe), 29 (‘M’ -Maghdud Khel, Mahsud Khel, Mahmud Khel - Untergruppen), 47 ('U' - Umar Khel - Untergruppe) und 50 ('Y' -Yusaf Khel - Untergruppe).
  4. Kakazai / Kakayzai. In: Frontier and Overseas Expeditions from India. Volume 1, Government Mono Type Press, Simla, India, S. 515–555. (Originally Published 1907)
  5. Haroon Rasheed: History of the Pathans: The Sarabani Pathans. Vol. 2, Original from the University of Michigan 2002, S. 257–262.
  6. Christine Noelle: State and Tribe in Nineteenth-Century Afghanistan: The Reign of Amir Dost Muhammad Khan (1826–1863). Routledge, 1997, ISBN 0-7007-0629-1, S. 179–192.
  7. A. H. McMahon, A. D. G. Ramsay: Report on the tribes of Dir, Swat, and Bajour together with the Utman-khel and Sam Ranizai. Saeed Book Bank, Pakistan 1901, S. 9.
  8. Tarkanri. In: Encyclopædia Britannica: A New Survey of Universal Knowledge. vol. 21 United Kingdom 1952, S. 816.
  9. Tarkanri — Tribes, Castes and Communities. In: Encyclopaedia of the World Muslims. vol. 3, Global Vision Publishing House, 2001, ISBN 81-87746-07-6.
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  12. Family Tree of Qais Abdul Rashid: Kaka Zai unter den Nachkommen von Kharashboon (Khair ud Din).
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  18. - English Large Dictionary (Memento des Originals vom 30. Dezember 2013 im Internet Archive)  Info: Der Archivlink wurde automatisch eingesetzt und noch nicht geprüft. Bitte prüfe Original- und Archivlink gemäß Anleitung und entferne dann diesen Hinweis.@1@2Vorlage:Webachiv/IABot/www.qamosona.com
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  22. Pir Moazzam Shah: Tawareekh-e-Hafiz Rahmat Khani. Herausgegeben von Roshan Khan, Pashto Academy, Peshawar University 1976, S. 89–91. Original 1624 AD.
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  24. Muslims in the Indian subcontinent 617-1290 C.E. (PDF format)
  25. Lieutenant Zarar Ahmad (Memento des Originals vom 13. Mai 2005 im Internet Archive)  Info: Der Archivlink wurde automatisch eingesetzt und noch nicht geprüft. Bitte prüfe Original- und Archivlink gemäß Anleitung und entferne dann diesen Hinweis.@1@2Vorlage:Webachiv/IABot/zararshaheedtrust.org Account of 1947 events in Gurdaspur
  26. Dara Kakazai (Valley of Watelai or Mamund Valley), Federally Administered Tribal Area in NWFP province, Pakistan
  27. Edward Balfour: The Cyclopædia of India and of Eastern and Southern Asia, Third Edition. Originally Published by Bernard Quaritch, 15 Piccadilly, London, United Kingdom, 1885, ISBN 1-130-14910-2, S. 655 (google.com).
  28. Mahmood Ali Shah: Sardari, jirga & local government systems in Balochistan. Edara-e-Tadrees, Pakistan, 1994, S. 9, 148.
  29. Biographical Encyclopedia of Pakistan. Biographical Research Institute, Pakistan, 1961, S. 550, 906.