Benutzer:Xenix23/Spielwiese

TODO: Kugluktuk

Lake Itchen: (Atlas of canada) Latitude : 65 30' 00″ Longitude : -112 50' 00″

1472 Danish expedition sent by Christian I of Denmark to locate the Medieval Norse colonies and led by Didrik Pining and Hans Pothorst apparently reaches Greenland, perhaps at Ammassalik and - after being driven around by storm - possibly Newfoundland.

1500s

1553 English expedition piloted by Richard Chancellor searches for the North-east Passage
1575-77 English expeditions led by Martin Frobisher reaches Baffin Island
1585-87 English expeditions led by John Davis explore the Davis Strait-Baffin Bay region and reaches Upernavik
1596-97 Dutch expedition piloted by Willem Barentsz discovers Spitsbergen

1600s

1605-07 Danish expeditions led by John Cunningham (explorer), Godske Lindenov and Carsten Richardson, all piloted by James Hall, search for the lost Medieval Norse colonies in Greenland
1607 Henry Hudson explores Spitsbergen
1610 Jonas Poole thoroughly explores Spitsbergen's west coast, reporting that he saw a "great store of whales"; this report leads to the establishment of the English whaling trade.
1612 James Hall and William Baffin explores Southwest Greenland
1613 Several whaling expeditions, consisting of a total of at least thirty ships, from England, France, Spain, and the Netherlands crowd Spitsbergen's west coast.
1614 Dutch and French expeditions discover Jan Mayen
1615 Robert Fotherby, in the pinnace Richard, is the first English expedition to reach Jan Mayen
1616 English expedition piloted by William Baffin explores Davis Strait-Baffin Bay region
1619-20 Danish expedition led by Jens Munk on Unicorn and Lamprey to discover the Northwest Passage penetrated Davis Strait as far north as 69°, found Frobisher Bay, spent a winter in Hudson Bay.
1648 Semyon Dezhnyov and Fedot Alekseyev explore from the Kolyma River through the Bering Strait

1700s

Vitus Bering
1733–43 Great Northern Expedition / Second Kamchatka expedition
1751-53 Peder Olsen Walløe explores the east coast of Greenland from Cape Farewell in umiaks

1800s

1818 Royal Navy expedition led by Captain David Buchan
1818 Royal Navy expedition led by John Ross to search for the Northwest Passage extended a far north along the west coast of Greenland as Pituffik and met the Kap York-Inuit
1819 Royal Navy expedition aboard HMS Hecla and HMS Griper led by William Edward Parry
1822 William Scoresby lands in East Greenland near the mouth of the fjord system that would later be named for him – Scoresby Sund.
1823 Douglas Charles Clavering and Edward Sabine explores East Greenland northwards to Clavering Island, where they get in contact with the now extinct Northeast Greenland Inuit.
1828-30 Danish expedition led by W. A. Graah tries to locate the lost Norse colonies in Southeast Greenland, but does not reach Ammassalik.
1829-33 Royal Navy expedition led by John Ross to search for the Northwest Passage discovered James Ross Strait and King William Land, located the magnetic north pole at {{coordinate|70|05|N|96|44|W}}
1827 Royal Navy expedition led by William Edward Parry
1833-35 Royal Navy expedition led by Captain George Back
1838–40 La Recherche Expedition (1838-1840)
1845 Franklin's lost expedition led by Sir John Franklin searches for the Northwest Passage
1852 Edward Augustus Inglefield sets out to search for Franklin's ill-fated expediton
1853–55 American expedition led by Elisha Kent Kane*1860–61 American expedition led by Isaac Israel Hayes
1860–62 First expedition led by Charles Francis Hall (USA)
1864–69 Second expedition led by Charles Francis Hall
1868 First German North Polar Expedition led by Carl Koldewey along the east coast of Greenland
1869-70 Second German North Polar Expedition (Germania and Hansa) led by Carl Koldewey reaches Sabine Island.
1871–73 Third expedition led by Charles Francis Hall: Polaris expedition
1872–74 Austro-Hungarian North Pole Expedition led by Captain Karl Weyprecht
1875–76 British Arctic Expedition led by Captain George Nares
1878 J. A. D. Jensen explores the inland ice sheeth from West Greenland
1878–79 Swedish expedition in Vega, led by Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld
1879–82 USS Jeanette expedition with Lt. George Washington De Long (commander) and George W. Melville (chief engineer)
1881–84 Lady Franklin Bay Expedition, US Army expedition led by Adolphus Greely
1882-1883 (First International Polar Year) Danish Dijmphna expedition to the territory between Russia and the North Pole
1883-85 Umiak Expedition led by Gustav Holm and Thomas Vilhelm Garde along the southeastern coast of Greenland in the shallow waters between the coast and the sea ice.
1883 Failed attempt by Nordenskiöld to cross Greenland from the west
1886 Failed attempt by Robert E Peary (USA) to cross Greenland
1888 First successful crossing of the Greenland inland ice by Norwegian expedition led by Fridtjof Nansen (from east to west)
1891-92 The East Greenland Expedition on the Hekla led by Carl Ryder fails to get through the sea ice of East Greenland, but explores the Scoresby Sund system in detail
1891–92 Third US Greenland expedition led by Peary
1892 Swedish expedition led by Alfred Björling
1893–95 Fourth US Greenland expedition led by Peary
1893–96 Norwegian expedition by Fridtjof Nansen and Hjalmar Johansen on the Fram and overland
1894–97 Jackson-Harmsworth Expedition, led by Frederick George Jackson
1897 S. A. Andrée's Arctic balloon expedition
1898–1902 Second Fram voyage under Otto Sverdrup
1898-1900 The Carlsbergfund Expedition to East Greenland led by G. C. Amdrup explores the Blosseville Coast
1899 Alfred Gabriel Nathorst explores the fjords of Northeast Greenland, in particular the King Oscar Fjord system
1899 Attempt to ski to North Pole from Franz Josef Land by Walter Wellman
1899–1900 Italian North Pole expedition led by Luigi Amedeo, Duke of the Abruzzi on the ship Stella Polare

1900s

1900–03 Zarya ship (Russia)
1901–02 First North Pole expedition financed by US industrialist William Ziegler, led by Evelyn Baldwin
1902-04 The Literary Expedition led by Ludvig Mylius-Erichsen together with Knud Rasmussen explores the Northwest Greenland coast between Uumanaq and Thule
1903–05 Ziegler Polar Expedition overland, led by Anthony Fiala
1905–06 North Pole expedition led by Peary, from Ellesmere Island
1906-08 The Danmark Expedition led by Ludvig Mylius-Erichsen reaches Nordostrundingen, but ends fatally
1906, 1907, 1909 America airship and Walter Wellman
1907–09 US North Pole expedition led by Frederick Cook
1907-08 Anglo-American Polar Expedition (Mikkelsen-Leffingwell Expedition
1909-12 The Alabama Expedition to Northeast Greenland led by Ejnar Mikkelsen in an operation to recover bodies and logs of the fatal Danmark expedition
1908–09 expedition led by Robert Peary
1910-15 Russian Arctic Ocean Hydrographic Expedition in Taymyr and Vaigach
1912 First Thule Expedition - Knud Rasmussen and Peter Freuchen explores North Greenland
1912-13 J.P. Koch crosses the inland ice in North Greenland
1913 Crocker Land Expedition
1913–14 Russian expedition aboard Foka, led by Georgiy Sedov
1913–18 Canadian Arctic Expedition 1913-1916 led by Vilhjalmur Stefansson, initially in the Karluk
1916-18 Second Thule Expedition - Knud Rasmussen and Peter Freuchen explores North Greenland and establishes that Peary Land is not an island
1919 Third Thule Expedition - Knud Rasmussen explores North Greenland and lays out depots for Roald Amundsen's polar drift in Maud
1919-20 Fourth Thule Expedition - Knud Rasmussen explores East Greenland
1921-23 Bicentenary Jubilee Expedition (commemorating Hans Egede's landing in Greenland) led by Lauge Koch explores North Greenland
1921-24 Fifth Thule Expedition led by Knud Rasmussen crossed the Northwest Passage on dog sledges from Thule across Arctic Canada to Nome, Alaska demonstrates how inuit culture could spread rapidly
1925 Flying boat expedition led by Roald Amundsen and Lincoln Ellsworth
1926 Aircraft flight by Richard E. Byrd and Floyd Bennett
1926 Norge airship (Roald Amundsen, Umberto Nobile and Lincoln Ellsworth)
1928 Eielson-Wilkins Arctic Ocean crossing (powered flight Alaska-Spitsbergen)
1928 Italia airship (Umberto Nobile)
1930 Bratvaag Expedition
1931 Sixth Thule Expedition led by Knud Rasmussen explores Northeast Greenland
1931-34 The Three-year Expedition to East Greenland led by Lauge Koch explores Northeast Greenland
1932 Icebreaker Sibiryakov
1933 Chelyuskin steamship
1937 Soviet transpolar flights
1937-1938 MacGregor Arctic Expedition
1938–present Soviet and Russian manned drifting ice stations
1948 Russian scientific expedition led by Aleksandr Kuznetsov lands aircraft at Pole
1958 USS Nautilus passes under the Arctic ice
1959 Discoverer 1 first satellite in polar orbit. (Prototype; no camera.)
1960 Tiros 1 weather satellite in polar orbit; eventually returned 22952 cloud cover photos
1968 Ralph Plaisted and three others reach the north pole by snowmobile.
1968–69 Wally Herbert, British explorer, reaches Pole on foot and traverses the polar sea
1977 Arktika, nuclear-powered icebreaker, reaches the North Pole
1982 Sir Ranulph Fiennes and Charles Burton cross the Arctic Ocean in a single season.
1986 Will Steger and party reach the north pole by dogsled without resupply.
1988 Will Steger completes first south-north traverse of Greenland.
1988 Ski-Trek, a joint Soviet-Canadian transpolar expedition aided by satellites.

2000s

2007 Arktika 2007, Russian submersible descends to the ocean floor below the North Pole
2007 Top Gear: Polar Special, BBC's topgear team are the first to reach the magnetic north pole in a car

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