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John Churchill was born in [[Devon]]. Although his family had [[aristocracy|aristocratic]] relations, it belonged to the minor [[gentry]] rather than the upper echelons of 17th-century society. In 1678, Churchill married [[Sarah Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough|Sarah Jennings]],<ref>Churchill: ''Marlborough: His Life and Times, Bk. 1'', 129</ref> and in April that year, he was sent by [[Charles II of England|Charles II]] to [[The Hague]] to negotiate a convention on the deployment of the English army in Flanders. The mission ultimately proved abortive. In May, Churchill was appointed to the temporary rank of [[Brigadier-General]] of Foot, but the possibility of a continental campaign was eliminated with the [[Treaties of Nijmegen|Treaty of Nijmegen]].<ref>Chandler: ''Marlborough as Military Commander'', 10</ref>
When Churchill returned to England, the [[Popish Plot]] resulted in a temporary three-year banishment for [[James II of England|James Stuart, Duke of York]]. The Duke obliged Churchill to attend him, first to The Hague, then in [[Brussels]].<ref>Holmes: ''Marlborough: England's Fragile Genius'', 92.</ref> For his services during the crisis, Churchill was made Lord Churchill of [[Eyemouth]] in the [[peerage of Scotland]] in 1682, and the following year appointed
[[File:Sarah Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough by Sir Godfrey Kneller, Bt.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Sarah Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough]] 1700 by Sir Godfrey Kneller]]
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