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{{Short description|Senior Nazi SS and police official}}
The title of '''SS and Police Leader''' (
== Levels ==
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After the March 1938 ''Anschluss'' when Austria was absorbed into the German Reich, two new ''Wehrkreise'' and corresponding HSSPF were established there as well. Likewise, after the October 1939 conquest of [[Second Polish Republic|Poland]], two additional ''Wehrkreise'' and corresponding HSSPF were created for those Polish areas that were directly incorporated into the Reich.{{sfn|Yerger|1997|pp=36-37, 39-40}}
Finally, in the autumn of 1943, Himmler created two ''Höchster SS- und Polizeiführer'' (Supreme SS and Police Leader, HöSSPF) posts with jurisdiction over very large territories; these were ''Italien'' (1943–1945) and ''Ukraine'' (1943–1944), each of which had both HSSPF and SSPF reporting to them.{{sfn|Yerger|1997|pp=23-25}}
== Operations ==
The SS and Police Leaders directly commanded a headquarters staff with representatives from almost every branch of the SS and the police. This typically included the ''[[Ordnungspolizei]]'' (Orpo; regular [[police]]), [[Sicherheitspolizei|SiPo]] (security police) including the [[Gestapo]] ([[secret police]]), ''[[Totenkopfverbände]]'' (SS-TV; [[Nazi concentration camps]]), [[Sicherheitsdienst|SD]] ([[intelligence service]]), and certain units of the [[Waffen-SS]] ([[combat]] units). Most of
Himmler authorized SS and Police Bases (''SS- und Polizeistützpunkte'') to be established in occupied Poland and occupied areas of the [[Soviet Union]]. They were to be "armed industrialized agricultural complexes
In 1944 and 1945, many HSSPF were promoted to their corresponding general's rank in the [[Waffen-SS]] by Himmler. This was apparently an attempt to provide potential protection for them, by giving them [[combatant]] status under the [[Hague Conventions (1907)|Hague Convention]] rules of warfare.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://avalon.law.yale.edu/imt/08-05-46.asp| title = Nuremberg Trial Proceedings Volume 20 day 195| publisher = Avalon Project, Yale Law School| access-date = 2009-01-03}}</ref>
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[[File:Hsspf decrypt 2.png|right|thumb|Another decrypt, 1941, HSSPF Russland Sud (south Russia), reporting to Himmler the 'liquidation' of Jewish people (from NSA report<ref name=nsadecrypt2/>)]]
The SS and Police Leaders were key figures in many of the [[war crime]]s committed by SS personnel. The HSSPF served as commanding SS generals for any ''[[Einsatzgruppen]]'' ([[death squad]]s) operating in their area. This entailed ordering the deaths of tens of thousands of persons. In addition, they launched
The SS and Police Leaders were the overseeing authority of the [[Jews|Jewish]] [[Nazi ghettos|ghettos]] in Poland and directly coordinated deportations to Nazi [[extermination camps]]. They had direct command over [[Order Police battalions]] and SD regiments that were assigned to guard the ghettos. The HSSPF regularly provided SS and police guards and other support personnel for the transports to the death camps, and also negotiated with the agencies and ministries of the Reich for rolling stock, supplies and provisions, rail schedules, and an array of other requirements necessary to keep the roundups and the death trains moving efficiently. And, in the satellite and client states, the HSSPF negotiated directly with the [[puppet state|puppet]] or [[Collaboration with
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