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'''Tremé''' ({{IPAc-en|t|r|ə|ˈ|m|eɪ}} {{respell|trə|MAY|'}}) is a [[New Orleans neighborhoods|neighborhood]] in [[New Orleans, Louisiana]]. "Tremé" is often rendered as '''Treme''', and the neighborhood is sometimes called by its more formal French name, the '''Faubourg Tremé''';<ref>''[[Faubourg]]'' is a French word meaning "[[suburb]]".</ref> it is listed in the New Orleans City Planning Districts as '''Tremé / Lafitte'''
Founded in the 1810s, it is one of the oldest neighborhoods in the city, and was initially the main neighborhood of its [[free people of color]]. Historically a racially mixed neighborhood, it remains an important center of the city's [[African-American]] and [[Creoles of color|Créole]] culture, especially the modern [[brass band]] tradition. Some sources go so far as to call it the oldest [[African-American neighborhood|Black neighborhood]] in the nation.
==History==
[[File:
The Tremé neighborhood began as the Morand Plantation and two forts—St. Ferdinand and St. John. Near the end of the 18th century, Claude Tremé purchased the land from the original plantation owner. By 1794 the [[Carondelet Canal]] was built from the French Quarter to [[Bayou St. John]], splitting the land. Developers began building subdivisions throughout the area to house a diverse population that included Caucasians and free persons of color.<ref>{{cite web
|title=Faubourg Treme Historical Marker
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Tremé abuts the north, or lake, side of the [[French Quarter]], away from the [[Mississippi River]]—"back of town" as earlier generations of New Orleanians used to say. Its traditional borders were [[Rampart Street]] on the south, Canal Street on the west, [[Esplanade Avenue, New Orleans|Esplanade Avenue]] on the east, and Broad Street on the north. [[Claiborne Avenue]] is a primary thoroughfare through the neighborhood. At the end of the 19th century, the [[Storyville, New Orleans|Storyville]] [[red-light district]] was carved out of the upper part of Tremé; in the 1940s this was torn down and made into a [[public housing]] project. This area is no longer considered part of the neighborhood. The "town square" of Tremé was [[Congo Square]]—originally known as "Place des Nègres"—where [[slavery|slave]]s gathered on Sundays to dance. This tradition flourished until the [[United States]] took control, and officials grew more anxious about unsupervised gatherings of slaves in the years before the Civil War.
[[File:Creole Cottages New Orleans Treme Lafitte Street 1935.jpg|thumb|Creole Cottages on Lafitte Street in the Tremé, 1935]]
In the early 1960s, in an [[urban renewal]] project later considered a mistake by most analysts, a large portion of central Tremé was torn down. The land stood vacant for some time, then in the 1970s the city created [[Louis Armstrong Park (New Orleans)|Louis Armstrong Park]] in the area and named [[Congo Square]] within Armstrong Park. In 1994, the [[New Orleans Jazz National Historical Park]] was established here.
Musicians from Tremé include [[Doreen Ketchens]], [[Alphonse Picou]], [[Kermit Ruffins]], [[Troy "Trombone Shorty" Andrews]], [[Lucien Barbarin]], and "The King of Treme" [[Shannon Powell]]. Additionally, comedian [[Mark Normand]] grew up in the neighborhood. While predominantly African-American, the population has been mixed from the 19th century through to the 21st. Jazz musicians of [[Europe]]an ancestry such as [[Henry Ragas]] and [[Louis Prima]] also lived in Tremé. Also, Joe's Cozy Corner in Tremé is often considered the birthplace of [[Rebirth Brass Band]], one of the most notable current New Orleans bands. [[Alex Chilton]], who led the rock groups [[Big Star]] and [[The Box Tops]], lived in Tremé from the early 1990s until his death in 2010.<ref>{{cite web
|title=Alex Chilton's Life in New Orleans
|author=New Orleans Times-Picayune
|url=http://www.nola.com/music/index.ssf/2010/04/post_7.html
}}</ref>
During [[Hurricane Katrina]], the Tremé neighborhood suffered minor to moderate flooding. In the portion of the neighborhood in from I-10, the water was generally not high enough to damage many of the old raised homes. The neighborhood demographics have changed in recent years due to gentrification and the proliferation of short-term rentals such as [[Airbnb]].{{Citation needed|date=July 2022}}
==African-American heritage sites==
[[File:FuneralTremeAlgiersSousaphone.jpg|thumb|right|A Second Line band going through the Tremé]]
Located in Tremé, the [[New Orleans African American Museum]] is dedicated to protecting, preserving, and promoting through education the history, art, and communities of African Americans in New Orleans and the [[African diaspora]]. It is listed on the [[Louisiana African American Heritage Trail]], as is the community's [[St. Augustine Church (New Orleans)|St. Augustine Church]] — the oldest African-American [[Catholic Church|Catholic parish]] in the U.S.
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===Adjacent neighborhoods===
* [[Bayou St. John
* [[French Quarter]] (east)
* [[Iberville Projects]] (south)
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===Films===
*''Shake the Devil Off'' (2007),<ref>[http://www.shakethedeviloff.com ::: Shake The Devil Off :::<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> a documentary co-written by Swiss-based director [[Peter Entell]] with Lydia Breen, that explores the post-Katrina lives of parishioners at St. Augustine Church in the Tremé (the oldest predominantly black Catholic parish in the nation). [[Jerome LeDoux|Father Jerome LeDoux]] (St. Augustine's priest 1990-2005) was a central character in the film. In 2006, he was recognized by the City of New Orleans for his work fostering greater appreciation of the Tremé's black history and culture.
*''[[Faubourg Treme: The Untold Story of Black New Orleans]]'' (2008),<ref>{{cite book| date=2008|url=http://www.tremedoc.com/| title=Faubourg Tremé: The Untold Story of Black New Orleans|website=tremedoc.com|publisher=Serendipity Films|
*''[[Tradition is a Temple]]'' (2011), popular contemporary musicians from the Tremé, like "The King of Tremé" [[Shannon Powell]], [[Lucien Barbarin]], and the [[Treme Brass Band]], are featured heavily in this non-fiction film by Darren Hoffman
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File:TremeNOLASmoothJaz.JPG|Tremé Brass band playing in the Candlelight Lounge
File:MeilleurGoldthwaiteHouseFrontB.jpg|[[New Orleans African American Museum]]
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