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| common_name = Cracow
| status = City-state
| government_type = [[Constitutional republic]]
| status_text = [[Protectorate]] of [[Austrian Empire|Austria]], [[Kingdom of Prussia|Prussia]], and [[Russian Empire|Russia]]|
| p1 = Duchy of Warsaw
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| leader1 = {{ill|Stanisław Wodzicki|pl}}
| year_leader1 = 1815–1831
| legislature = [[Assembly of Representatives (Kraków)
| area_km2 = 1188.8
| image_flag = Flag of Kraków.svg
| flag = Symbols of Kraków
| image_coat = Coat of arms of the Free City of Cracow.svg
| symbol = Symbols of Kraków
▲| symbol_type = Coat of arms
| image_map = Free City of Kraków 1815.svg
| image_map_caption = Location of the Free, Independent, and Strictly Neutral City of Cracow with its Territory within Europe
| image_map2 = Rzeczpospolita Krakowska 1815 EN.png
| image_map2_caption = Territory of the Free, Independent, and Strictly Neutral City of Cracow with its Territory (orange) and its three neighbours (Kingdom of Prussia, Austrian Empire and Russian Empire)|
| common_languages = {{ubl|[[Polish language|Polish]] (official)
| religion = [[Roman Catholic Church|Roman Catholic]], [[Judaism]]
| capital = [[Kraków|Cracow]] (Kraków)
| currency = {{plainlist|
*[[Polish zloty]] ''(to 1835)''
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| today = [[Poland]]
}}
{{History of Poland}}
The '''Free, Independent, and Strictly Neutral City of Cracow with its Territory''',{{efn|[[Polish language|Polish]]: ''Wolne, Niepodległe i Ściśle Neutralne Miasto Kraków z Okręgiem''}}{{Efn|The [[Polish language|Polish]] variant of name Kraków is occasionally retroactively applied in English to the historical Free City.|name=|group=}} more commonly known as the '''Free City of Cracow''',{{efn|[[Polish language|Polish]]: ''Wolne Miasto Kraków''; [[German language|German]]: ''Freie Stadt Krakau''}} and the '''Republic of Cracow''',{{efn|[[Polish language|Polish]]: ''Rzeczpospolita Krakowska''; {{lang-de|Republik Krakau}}}} was a [[city-state|city republic]] created by the [[Congress of Vienna]] in 1815, which included the Polish city of [[Cracow]] and its surrounding areas.
It was [[Condominium (international law)|jointly controlled]] by its three neighbours ([[Russian Empire|Russia]], [[Kingdom of Prussia|Prussia]], and [[Austrian Empire|Austria]]), and was a centre of agitation for an independent Poland. In 1846, in the aftermath of the unsuccessful [[Kraków Uprising]], the Free City of Cracow was annexed by the Austrian Empire.{{sfn|Degan|1997|p=378}} It was a remnant of the [[Duchy of Warsaw]], which was [[Partitions of Poland|partitioned]]
The Free City of Cracow was an overwhelmingly Polish-speaking city-state; of its population 85% were Catholics, 14% were Jews, while other religions comprised less than 1%. The city of Cracow itself had a Jewish population reaching nearly 40%, while the rest were almost exclusively Polish-speaking Catholics.<ref name="censuses">''Censuses of the Austro-Hungarian Statistical Central Commission'', cited in Anson Rabinbach, ''The Migration of Galician Jews to Vienna.'' Austrian History Yearbook, Volume XI, Berghahn Books/Rice University Press, Houston 1975, p. 46/47 (table III)</ref>
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The Free City was approved and guaranteed by [[Wikisource:Final Act of the Congress of Vienna/Act III#Article VII|Article VII]] of the [[Wikisource:Final Act of the Congress of Vienna/Act II|Treaty between Austria, Prussia, and Russia]] of 3 May 1815.{{sfn|Hertslet|1875|p=127}} The statelet received an [[Wikisource:Final Act of the Congress of Vienna/Constitution of the Free City of Kraków|initial constitution]] at the same time,{{sfn|Hertslet|1875|p=127}} revised and expanded in 1818, establishing significant autonomy for the city. The [[Jagiellonian University]] could accept students from the partitioned territory of Poland. The Free City thus became a centre of Polish political activity on the territories of [[partitioned Poland]].
During the [[November Uprising]] of 1830–1831, Kraków was a base for the smuggling of
{{Polish statehood}}
<gallery>
File:Józef Brodowski 001.JPG|Granting of the constitution of the Free City of Kraków,
File:Rabacja galicyjska.JPG|[[Galician slaughter]] (''Polish'' "Rzeź galicyjska") by [[Jan Lewicki]] (
</gallery>
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{{unreferenced section|date=December 2012}}
The Free City of Cracow was created from the southwest part of the [[Duchy of Warsaw]] (part of the former [[Kraków Department]] on the left bank of the [[Vistula]] river).
In 1815, its population was 95,000; as of 1843, it had a population of 146,000. 85% of them were Catholics, 14% Jews, while other religions comprised 1%. The most notable [[szlachta]] family was the [[Potocki]] family of [[magnates]], who had a mansion in [[Krzeszowice]].
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