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| width =
| partof = the [[Roman–Persian Wars]]
| image =
| caption =
| date = Winter of 244
| place = Misiche (later [[Anbar (town)|Peroz Shapur]]), [[Asōristān|Mesopotamia]] (modern Iraq)
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| campaignbox = {{Campaignbox Roman–Persian Wars}} {{Campaignbox Crisis of the Third Century}}
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The '''Battle of Misiche''' ([[Koine Greek|Greek]]: {{lang|grc|Μισιχή}}), '''Mesiche'''
==Background==
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<blockquote>When at first we had become established in the empire, Gordian Caesar assembled from all of the Roman, Goth and German lands a military force and marched on [[Asorestan]] (Mesopotamia) against the ''[[Ērānšahr]]'' (Sasanian Empire) and against us. On the border of Asorestan at Misiche, a great frontal battle occurred. Gordian Caesar was killed and the Roman force was destroyed. And the Romans made Philip Caesar. Then Philip Caesar came to us for terms, and to ransom their lives, gave us 500,000 denars, and became tributary to us. And for this reason we have renamed Misiche ''Peroz-Shapur'' [literally "Victorious Shapur"].<ref>''[[Res Gestae Divi Saporis]]'', 3-4 (translation of Shapur's inscription at Naqsh-e Rustam).</ref></blockquote>
The Roman sources never admitted the defeat.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Potter|first1=David S.|title=The Roman Empire at Bay, AD 180–395|date=2014|publisher=[[Routledge]]|isbn=9781134694846|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hGuGAgAAQBAJ&pg=PT232|language=en}}</ref> The contemporary and later Roman sources claim that the Roman expedition was entirely or partially successful, but the emperor was murdered after a plot by [[Philip the Arab]].<ref>This version of the events is accepted by Christian Körner, ''Philippus Arabs, Ein Soldatenkaiser in der Tradition des antoninisch-severischen Prinzipats'', Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 2002.</ref> However,
The third tradition, reported in 6th century by John Malalas and three more eastern historians in 9th to 12th century, specifies that Gordianus crushed his thigh falling off his horse in battle and died of his injury, Malalas further specifying that he died on the way back
==Aftermath==
Gordian's successor, [[Philip the Arab]], was proclaimed emperor of Rome and made peace with Shapur. The next major clash between the two empires took place in 252, when Shapur defeated a large Roman force at the [[Battle of Barbalissos]] and successfully invaded [[Syria]] and part of [[Anatolia]].
==Notes==
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Battle Of Misiche}}
[[Category:240s conflicts|Misiche]]
[[Category:Battles of the Roman–Sasanian Wars|Mische]]
[[Category:244]]
[[Category:240s in the Roman Empire]]
[[Category:History of Al Anbar Governorate]]
[[Category:3rd century in Iran]]
[[Category:Battles involving early Germanic peoples|Misiche]]
[[Category:Battles involving the Goths|Misiche]]
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