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Free City of Cracow: Difference between revisions - Wikipedia

Free City of Cracow: Difference between revisions

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<span class="plainlinks"></span>{{EngvarB|date=February 2018}}
{{Infobox country
| native_name = ''Wolne, Niepodległe i Ściśle Neutralne Miasto Kraków z Okręgiem''
| conventional_long_name = Free, Independent, and Strictly Neutral City of Kraków with its Territory
| common_name = Kraków <!--- Should be Krakow not Free City of Kraków; no accent, as it's used for Category sorting --->|
| status = City-state
| government_type = Constitutional republic
| status_text = [[Protectorate]] of [[Austrian Empire|Austria]], [[Kingdom of Prussia|Prussia]], and [[Russian Empire|Russia]]|
| p1 = Duchy of Warsaw
| flag_p1 = Flag of Poland (1807–1815).svg
| s1 = Grand Duchy of Kraków
| flag_s1 = Flag of the Habsburg Monarchy.svg|
| s2 = Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria
| flag_s2 = Galicia and Lodomeria flag.png
| year_start = 1815
| date_start = 3 May
| event_start = [[Congress of Vienna|Established]]
| event1 = [[November Uprising]]
| date_event1 = 29 November 1830
| year_end = 1846
| date_end = 16 November
| event_end = [[Kraków Uprising]]|
| title_leader = [[President of the Senate]]
| leader1 = {{ill|Stanisław Wodzicki|pl}}
| year_leader1 = 1815–1831
| legislature = Assembly of Representatives (Kraków)|
| image_flag = Flag of Krakow.svg
| flag = Symbols of Kraków
| image_coat = Herb wolnego miasta krakowa.jpg
| symbol = Symbols of Kraków
| symbol_type = Coat of arms
| image_map = Free City of Kraków 1815.svg
| image_map_caption = Location of the Free City of Kraków within Europe
| image_map2 = Rzeczpospolita Krakowska 1815 EN.png
| image_map2_caption = Territory of the Free City of Kraków (orange) and its three neighbours (Kingdom of Prussia, Austrian Empire and Russian Empire)|
| common_languages = [[Polish language|Polish]] (official), [[Yiddish]], [[German language|German]]
| religion = [[Roman Catholic Church|Roman Catholic]], [[Judaism]]
| capital = Kraków
| currency = {{plainlist|
*[[Złoty|Polish złoty]] ''(to 1835)''
*[[Kraków złoty]] ''(from 1835)''}}
| today = [[Poland]]
}}
 
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It was [[Condominium (international law)|jointly controlled]] by its three neighbours ([[Russian Empire|Russia]], [[Kingdom of Prussia|Prussia]], and [[Austrian Empire|Austria]]), and was a centre of agitation for an independent Poland. In 1846, in the aftermath of the unsuccessful [[Kraków Uprising]], the Free City of Kraków was annexed by the Austrian Empire.{{sfn|Degan|1997|p=378}} It was a remnant of the [[Duchy of Warsaw]], which was [[Partitions of Poland|partitioned]] between the three states after the Congress in 1815.
 
The Free City of Kraków was an overwhelmingly Polish-speaking city-state; of its population 85% were Catholics, 14% were Jews, while other religions comprised less than 1%. The city of Kraków itself had a Jewish population reaching nearly 40%, while the rest were almost exclusively Polish-speaking Catholics.<ref name="censuses">''Censuses of the Austro-Hungarian Statistical Central Commission'', cited in Anson Rabinbach, ''The Migration of Galician Jews to Vienna.'' Austrian History Yearbook, Volume XI, Berghahn Books/Rice University Press, Houston 1975, p. 46/47 (table III)</ref>
 
==History==