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During the late 20th century, the university underwent significant academic, structural, and administrative changes as it developed into a major research university. For much of the 19th century, the university consisted of decentralized and separate faculties specializing in Political Science, Philosophy, and Pure Science. In 1979, these faculties were merged into the [[Columbia Graduate School of Arts and Sciences|Graduate School of Arts and Sciences]].<ref>{{cite web|title=GSAS at a Glance – Columbia University – Graduate School of Arts and Sciences|url=http://gsas.columbia.edu/content/gsas-glance|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140310122351/http://gsas.columbia.edu/content/gsas-glance|archive-date=March 10, 2014|access-date=November 24, 2016}}</ref> In 1991, the faculties of Columbia College, the School of General Studies, the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, the [[Columbia University School of the Arts|School of the Arts]], and the [[Columbia University School of Professional Studies|School of Professional Studies]] were merged into the Faculty of Arts and Sciences, leading to the academic integration and centralized governance of these schools. In 2010, the [[Columbia University School of International and Public Affairs|School of International and Public Affairs]], which was previously a part of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences, became an independent faculty.<ref>{{cite web|title=History – Faculty of Arts and Sciences|url=http://fas.columbia.edu/home/about-faculty-arts-and-sciences/history|access-date=November 24, 2016|website=Fas.columbia.edu|archive-date=December 14, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161214215415/http://fas.columbia.edu/home/about-faculty-arts-and-sciences/history|url-status=live}}</ref>
On April 17, 2024, there was a protest organized by pro-Palestinian supporters at the university. The protest was in response to the President of the university's comments regarding the protesters, which some felt were not fair and were seen as inflammatory. The President had called the protesters antisemitic and suspended anyone in the university who showed support for Palestine, which led to the protest.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Meyersohn |first=Nathaniel |date=2024-04-25 |title=Columbia president Minouche Shafik faces criticism in all directions {{!}} CNN Business |url=https://www.cnn.com/2024/04/25/business/minouche-shafik-columbia-president/index.html |access-date=2024-04-26 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-04-25 |title=How the Columbia protests sparked campus demonstrations across the country |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/columbia-protests-sparked-campus-demonstrations-country-rcna148994 |access-date=2024-04-26 |website=NBC News |language=en}}</ref> In April 2024, Columbia faced what CNN described as a "full-blown crisis" over tensions stemming from a [[2024 Columbia University pro-Palestinian campus occupation|pro-Palestinian campus occupation]].<ref>{{Cite web |first1=Celina |last1=Tebor |first2=Zoe |last2=Sottile |first3=Matt |last3=Egan |date=2024-04-21 |title=Columbia University faces full-blown crisis as rabbi calls for Jewish students to 'return home' |url=https://www.cnn.com/2024/04/21/us/columbia-university-jewish-students-protests/ |access-date=2024-04-22 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref> In response, the university moved in-person classes online on Monday, April 22.<ref>{{Cite news |first1=Douglas |last1=Belikn |first2=Alyssa |last2=Lukpat |title=Columbia Cancels In-Person Classes Amid Pro-Palestinian Protests |url=https://www.wsj.com/us-news/education/columbia-university-cancels-in-person-classes-amid-pro-palestinian-protests-111ffc5d |date=April 22, 2024 |access-date=2024-04-22 |work=The Wall Street Journal |language=en-US |url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Ferré-Sadurní |first=Luis |last2=Edmonds |first2=Colbi |last3=Cruz |first3=Liset |date=2024-04-22 |title=Jewish Students Are Targeted as Protests Continue at Columbia |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/04/21/nyregion/columbia-protests-antisemitism.html |access-date=2024-04-22 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331 |url-access=limited}}</ref>{{dubious inline|"Unofficially renamed"|date=April 2024}}
==Campus==
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