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Kampung Titingan - Wikipedia
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Kampung Titingan

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Kampung Titingan is a village in the Tawau District of the state of Sabah, in Malaysia. The village is also known by its nickname of Kampung Ice Box, or Ice Box. The village is a shanty town, occupying a wide area with high population density, and most of its lands belong to the Government of Sabah.[2][3]

Kampung Titingan
Village
Other transcription(s)
 • Jawiكامڤوڠ تيتيڠن‎
Morning view of Kampung Titingan
Morning view of Kampung Titingan
Nickname: 
Kampung Ice Box
Kampung Titingan is located in Malaysia
Kampung Titingan
Kampung Titingan
Coordinates: 4°14′26.0574″N 117°54′15.093″E / 4.240571500°N 117.90419250°E / 4.240571500; 117.90419250
Country Malaysia
StateSabah Sabah
DistrictTawau District
Area
 • Total7 ha (17 acres)
Population
 (2010)[1]
 • Total5,000
 • Density71,000/km2 (180,000/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+08:00 (MST)
Postcode
91000
Telephone area code+6-089

Kampung Titingan is one of the biggest and best-known slums in Tawau.[4][5] A large number of illegal migrants live in this area, the majority originating from the Philippines and Indonesia.[6] The village has high levels of crime and gangster activity, and was once known as a "dark area" of Tawau.[7]

On 7 March 2010, the Chief Minister of Sabah, Datuk Seri Musa Aman, declared that the village would be transformed into a town, to be renamed Bandar Baru Titingan, or Titingan New Town.[8]

History

Kampung Titian is one of the earliest villages ever built in Tawau.[9] The village was nicknamed Kampung Ice Box due to one of the ice factories located near the village often dispose defective refrigerator into the middle of the road in this village in the 1970s.[1] However, the current name Titingan comes from most important person in Sabah, where he was born from this village. Abu Bakar Titingan is one of the people that defend their village from destruction. His son, Datuk Tawfiq Abu Bakar Titingan is a representative of the people in Titingan town.[10]

In the 1980s, Tawau District experiencing agriculture boom where many residents left this village to work in farms in other locations. Then foreigners arrived at this village and built their houses in empty spaces. However, the sudden expansion of this village has caused this area to become one of the famous slums in Sabah in the 1990s.[1]

Village fire

There got several fires that occurs throughout the village existence. On 4 September 1989, the fire burnt 1,060 houses and 5,766 residents become homeless, which makes the worst fires ever occurs in Sabah.[11] A decade later, another fire occurs on 2 August 1999 which garnered media attention in Malaysia, where the fire results in 1,000 residents become homeless.[12]

A decade later, another fire occurs on 20 September 2010 which burnt 51 houses and displaced 365 residents.[13] On 31 January 2011, a fire occurs in Block 6 area that destroyed 50 houses and affecting 300 residents.[14][15] The former area that has been burned initially are no longer allowed to construct any buildings, however, on the second half of 2011, residents are allowed to rebuilt their buildings on the former fire site with their own costs and are more arranged than pre-fire condition.[16] On 8 March on the same year, another fire occurs at Block 9 that involves 500 residents and destroyed approximately 50 houses.[17] On 15 January 2012, a deadly fire occurs in this village had killed two children, destroyed seven houses and displaced 74 people from 23 families.[18] Yet another fire occurs a year later 23 January 2013 where the fire burnt 6 houses.[19]

Date Houses destroyed People displaced Deaths
4 September 1989 1,060[11] 5,766 —
2 August 1999 — 1,000[12] —
20 September 2010 51[13] 365 —
31 January 2011 50[14] 300 —
8 March 2011 50[17] 500 —
15 January 2012 7[18] 74 2
23 January 2013 6[19] — —

Demolition

On February 2002, the government of Sabah had demolished several houses that are built on public lands in Kampung Titingan Pasir during Operasi Nyah II Bersepadu operation. This has caused many illegal migrants who lost their homes from demolition to be resettled hence the gangsterism activity were reduced and bring relief to residents.[1][20] Another demolition activity known as Operasi Roboh (Operation Demolition) were held by Tawau Municipal Council on 6 November 2013 to demolish another 11 houses in this village.[21]

Redevelopment

On 27 June 2007, Akar Budi Tuah Sdn Bhd has signed agreement with Sabah Economic Development Corporation to redevelop the village and convert into a town which is known as Bandar Baru Titingan. The redevelopment will cost RM 1.5 million and the land will feature new amenities and facilities such as banks, hotels, shops, public housing and recreational center.[22]

Geography

 
Rubbish over the sea in 2012

Kampung Titingan is located 2.5 kilometres (1.6 mi) from Tawau. Its village size is around 7 hectares (17 acres)[9][23] and located on the sea where this area was used to be mangroves area and located near Tawau River.[24]

One of the main environmental issues that bought by immigrants into this area is the water pollution where residents dispose trash directly into sea and rivers.[25]

References

  1. ^ a b c d Goh, Roy (4 July 2010). "All's cool at Kampung Ice Box". New Straits Times. Archived from the original on 3 December 2013. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  2. ^ "1.0 TAWAU DISTRICT". Government of Sabah. 1 April 1999. Archived from the original on 28 August 2008. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  3. ^ "100 Penduduk Tinggal Sehelai Sepinggang Dalam Kebakaran Di Kampung Titingan, Tawau" [100 residents resides together in a fire at Kampung Titingan, Tawau]. BERNAMA (in Malay). 5 June 2011. Archived from the original on 13 December 2013. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  4. ^ "Illegal Squatter Dwellings in Sabah". etawau.com. 31 July 2008. Retrieved 29 November 2013.
  5. ^ "1 Rapid Survey of Development Opportunities & Constraints (Doc) for Tawau District". Government of Sabah. 30 March 1999. Archived from the original on 3 December 2013. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  6. ^ Hj. Abdul Hadi., Abdul Samad; Mohamad, Sulong (1990). Pembandaran dan transformasi bandar Negeri Sabah [Urbanization and transformation of cities in Sabah] (in Malay). Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. p. 243. OCLC 22923588.
  7. ^ "HAYATI KONSEP 1MALAYSIA" [Appreciate the 1Malaysia concept]. DUN APAS (in Malay). 9 November 2009. Archived from the original on 30 April 2011. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  8. ^ "KG TITINGAN BAKAL MENJADI SEBUAH BANDAR BARU" [Kampung Titingan will become new town]. DUN APAS (in Malay). 9 March 2010. Archived from the original on 3 December 2013. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  9. ^ a b "Kampung Titingan bakal jadi bandar baharu" [Kampung Titingan to become new town]. Utusan Malaysia (in Malay). 1 June 2013. Archived from the original on 3 December 2013. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  10. ^ S Jumadi, Shaimon (16 November 2013). "Polis gagal banteras budak-budak nakal ganggu penduduk Flat Sri Titingan" [Police failed to take action against children that disturbing residents of Sri Titingan apartment]. Borneo Insider (in Malay). Archived from the original on 16 November 2013. Retrieved 10 July 2020. {{cite news}}: |archive-date= / |archive-url= timestamp mismatch; 14 December 2013 suggested (help)
  11. ^ a b Lai, James (September 1989). "ADRA Aids after Kumpung Fires" (PDF). Southeast Asia Union Messenger. Southeast Asia Publishing House. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  12. ^ a b "Fire Leaves 1,000 Squatters Homeless". The Straits Times. 3 August 1999. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  13. ^ a b "365 mangsa kebakaran di Kampung Titingan tinggal sehelai sepinggang" [365 fire victims lived together in Kampung Titingan]. Berita Harian (in Malay). 20 September 2010. Archived from the original on 3 December 2013. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  14. ^ a b "50 rumah rentung kebakaran di Tawau" [50 houses burnt in Tawau]. Utusan Malaysia (in Malay). 1 February 2011. Archived from the original on 19 November 2015. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  15. ^ "Fire Victims To Be Given Aid According To Regulations: Shafie". BERNAMA. 2 February 2011. Archived from the original on 18 November 2015. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  16. ^ "ADUN nafi kebakaran dirancang" [ADUN reject planned fires]. Berita Harian (in Malay). Archived from the original on 2 December 2013. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  17. ^ a b "500 tinggal sehelai sepinggang, 50 rumah hangus dalam kebakaran" [500 residents living together, 50 houses destroyed in a fire]. Utusan Malaysia (in Malay). 9 March 2011. Archived from the original on 31 March 2016. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  18. ^ a b "Dua beradik rentung dalam kebakaran 7 buah rumah" [Two children killed in a fire involving 7 houses]. Utusan Malaysia (in Malay). 16 January 2012. Archived from the original on 3 December 2013. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  19. ^ a b "Enam Rumah Musnah Dalam Kebakaran Di Kampung Titingan" [Eight houses destroyed in a fire at Kampung Titingan]. The Star (in Malay). Archived from the original on 3 December 2013. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  20. ^ BERNAMA (2 April 2003). "Dr Ongkili Appointed Science & Technology Adviser To Sabah CM". Sabah United Party. Archived from the original on 6 May 2003. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  21. ^ Tamrin. "44 buah rumah setinggan akan dirobohkan…" [44 slum houses to be demolished]. Radio Televisyen Malaysia (in Malay). Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  22. ^ "Kampung Titingan Akan Dibangun Sebagai Bandar Baru Titingan" [Kampung Titingan will be redeveloped as Bandar Baru Titingan]. BERNAMA (in Malay). Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  23. ^ Amat, Ardyhansah. "Tak kenal alam sekolah" [Not knowing the nature of the school]. Harian Metro (in Malay). Archived from the original on 3 December 2013. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  24. ^ Brookfield, Harold (1995). In place of the forest : environmental and socio-economic transformation in Borneo and the eastern Malay Peninsula. Tokyo: United Nations University Press. p. 219-220. ISBN 9280808931.
  25. ^ "1.0 TAWAU DISTRICT". Government of Sabah (in Malay). 1 April 1999. Archived from the original on 28 August 2008. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
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