Agnes of the Palatinate

Agnes of the Palatinate (1201–1267) was a daughter of Henry V, Count Palatine of the Rhine, of the House of Welf, by his first wife Agnes of Hohenstaufen, daughter and heiress of Conrad of Hohenstaufen, Count Palatine of the Rhine. She married Otto II Wittelsbach, Duke of Bavaria.

Agnes of the Palatinate
Agnes with her husband Otto II Wittelsbach, Duke of Bavaria
Born	1201
Died	1267
Noble family	House of Guelph
Spouse(s)	Otto II Wittelsbach, Duke of Bavaria
Father	Henry V, Count Palatine of the Rhine
Mother	Agnes of Hohenstaufen

Family

Agnes was the youngest of three children born to her father by both of his marriages. Her father's second wife, also called Agnes, was the daughter of Conrad II, Margrave of Lusatia. Agnes' older sister was Irmgard, wife of Herman V, Margrave of Baden-Baden and her brother was Henry VI, Count Palatine of the Rhine.

Marriage

Agnes married Otto II at Worms when he came of age in 1222. With this marriage, the Wittelsbach family inherited Palatinate and kept it as a Wittelsbach possession until 1918. Since that time also the lion has become a heraldic symbol in the coat-of-arms for Bavaria and the Palatinate.

In 1231 upon the death of Otto's father, Louis I, Duke of Bavaria, Otto and Agnes became Duke and Duchess of Bavaria.

After a dispute with Emperor Frederick II was ended, Otto joined the Hohenstaufen party in 1241. Their daughter, Elizabeth, was married to Frederick's son Conrad IV. Because of this, Otto was excommunicated by the pope.

Within thirty-one years of marriage, the couple had:

1. Louis II, Duke of Bavaria (13 April 1229, Heidelberg – 2 February 1294, Heidelberg)
2. Henry XIII, Duke of Bavaria (19 November 1235, Landshut – 3 February 1290, Burghausen)
3. Elisabeth of Bavaria, Queen of Germany (c. 1227, Landshut – 9 October 1273), married to:
   1. 1246 in Vohburg to Conrad IV of Germany;
   2. 1259 in Munich to Count Meinhard II of Gorizia-Tyrol, Duke of Carinthia.
4. Sophie (1236, Landshut – 9 August 1289, Castle Hirschberg), married 1258 to Count Gerhard IV of Sulzbach and Hirschberg.
5. Agnes (c. 1240–c. 1306), a nun

Otto died 29 November 1253. Agnes died fourteen years later in 1267. She is buried at Scheyern.

Ancestry

Ancestors of Agnes of the Palatinate

16. Henry IX, Duke of Bavaria 8. Henry X, Duke of Bavaria 17. Wulfhilde of Saxony 4. Henry the Lion 18. Lothair III, Holy Roman Emperor 9. Gertrude of Süpplingenburg 19. Richenza of Northeim 2. Henry V, Count Palatine of the Rhine 20. Geoffrey Plantagenet, Count of Anjou 10. Henry II of England 21. Matilda of the English 5. Matilda of England 22. William X, Duke of Aquitaine 11. Eleanor of Aquitaine 23. Aenor de Châtellerault 1. Agnes of the Palatinate 24. Frederick I, Duke of Swabia 12. Frederick II, Duke of Swabia 25. Agnes of Germany 6. Conrad, Count Palatine of the Rhine 26. Frederick, Count of Saarbrücken 13. Agnes of Saarbrücken 27. Gisela (of Teckelenburg or Lorraine?) 3. Agnes of Hohenstaufen 28. Gotebold II, Count of Henneberg 14. Berthold I, Count of Henneberg 29. Liutgard von Hohenberg 7. Irmingard of Henneberg 30. Frederick IV of Putelendorf, Count Palatine of Saxony 15. Bertha of Putelendorf 31. Agnes van Limburg

Sources

• Bumke, Joachim (1991). Courtly Culture: Literature and Society in the High Middle Ages. Translated by Dunlap, Thomas. University of California Press.
• Jeffery, Renée (2018). Princess Elisabeth of Bohemia: The Philosopher Princess. Lexington Books.i