Cirrhinus molitorella (mud carp or dace) is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Cirrhinus found mainly in southern China and Vietnam.
| Mud carp | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Cypriniformes |
| Family: | Cyprinidae |
| Subfamily: | Labeoninae |
| Genus: | Cirrhinus |
| Species: | C. molitorella
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| Binomial name | |
| Cirrhinus molitorella (Valenciennes, 1844)
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| Synonyms | |
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History
editThe mud carp is a native Asian freshwater fish with a broad distribution from the Mekong River to the Pearl River deltas, inhabiting lakes, rivers and reservoirs.[citation needed]
Mud carp cultivation was introduced to China during the Tang dynasty (618–907 AD) as a substitute for common carp, as the common carp was forbidden to fish due to a ban.[2] Chinese aquaculture farmers adapted by raising mud carp, which were bottom feeders, in polyculture with top-feeding grass carp, while silver carp or bighead carp lived and fed in the middle depths.[3]
Habitat
editMud carp is typically a subtropical fish.[4] The mud carp is found in the mud and Mekong River and Pearl River delta, as well as bodies of freshwater along these two rivers.[citation needed] In China's Guangdong province and Guangxi autonomous region, mud carp makes up about 30% of the freshwater fish population.[5]
The fish has been introduced to Indonesia, Singapore, Japan, Taiwan, and Hong Kong.[2]
Within China the fish is raised on fish farms.[citation needed]
Dispersion
editThe mud carp is native to Southern China and parts of Mainland Southeast Asia. It is present in major river systems such as the Pearl River, Red River (China/Vietnam), Mekong River, and Chao Phraya River.[2]
Diet
editMud carp is an omnivore and mainly consumes water plants or insects. Farm raised carp are fed pellets.[citation needed]
Culinary use
editDue to low cost of production, the fish is mainly consumed by the poor and locally consumed; it is mostly sold live and eaten fresh, but can be dried and salted.[2] Increased fishing has threatened the population of mud carp.[1]
The fish is sometimes canned (typically as fried dace with salted black beans) or processed as fish cakes, fish balls [6] or dumplings. They can be found for retail sale within China and throughout the Chinese diaspora.[2] Canned dace from China has periodically been found to carry traces of malachite green, a carcinogenic antimicrobial banned for use in food.[7][8][9]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b Nguyen, T.H.T.; Van, N.S.; Thinh, D.V. (2011). "Cirrhinus molitorella". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2011: e.T166016A6168828. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2011-1.RLTS.T166016A6168828.en. Retrieved 15 August 2023.
- ^ a b c d e Z., Xinping (7 April 2006). "Cultured Aquatic Species Information Programme. Cirrhinus molitorella". FAO Fisheries Division [online]. Rome: FAO Fisheries Division. Retrieved 15 September 2022.
- ^ Fagan 2017, Ch. 17.
- ^ FAO 1983, p. 15.
- ^ Rath 2011, p. 22.
- ^ "Carp Family". Clovegarden.
- ^ "Detention Without Physical Examination of Aquacultured, Shrimp, Dace, and Eel from China-Presence of New Animal Drugs and/or Unsafe Food Additives". United States FDA. 2020-09-30. Retrieved 2020-11-10.
- ^ "CFS finds traces of malachite green in two tinned fried dace samples" (Press release). Hong Kong. Hong Kong Centre for Food Safety. 2015-08-29. Retrieved 2020-11-11.
- ^ "CFS finds traces of malachite green in canned fried dace sample" (Press release). Hong Kong. Hong Kong Centre for Food Safety. 2019-09-19. Retrieved 2020-11-11.
Bibliography
edit- Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Cirrhinus molitorella". FishBase.
- Rath, Rajendra Kumar (2011). Freshwater aquaculture (3rd revised and enlarged ed.). Scientific Publishers (India). ISBN 978-81-7233-694-3. OCLC 1138534747.
- Freshwater aquaculture development in China (Technical report). FAO Fisheries Technical Paper. Vol. 215 (published 1983). 22 April – 20 May 1980. ISBN 92-5-101113-3. OCLC 10455698.
- Fagan, Brian (2017). Fishing: How the sea fed civilization. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-21534-2. OCLC 978291325.
External links
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