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Dashilan Subdistrict - Wikipedia
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Dashilan Subdistrict

Dashilan Subdistrict[1] (Chinese: 大だい栅栏街道かいどう; pinyin: Dàshilànr Jiēdào) (also known as Dashilanr[2] or Dashilar[3] with Erhua) is a subdistrict on eastern side of Xicheng District,[1] in Beijing, China.

Dashilan Subdistrict
大だい栅栏街道かいどう
Subdistrict
Entrance to Dashilan, 2010
Entrance to Dashilan, 2010
Dashilan Subdistrict is located in Beijing
Dashilan Subdistrict
Dashilan Subdistrict
Dashilan Subdistrict is located in China
Dashilan Subdistrict
Dashilan Subdistrict
Coordinates: 39°54′34″N 116°23′35″E / 39.90944°N 116.39306°E / 39.90944; 116.39306
CountryChina
MunicipalityBeijing
DistrictXicheng
Area
 • Total1.27 km2 (0.49 sq mi)
Population
 (2020)
 • Total28,985
 • Density23,000/km2 (59,000/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code
100051
Area code010

Dashilan is also a famous business street outside Qianmen.[4] Now the term Dashilan is also used to refer to the area comprising, besides Dashilan itself, also the Langfang Toutiao Lane, Liangshidian Street and Meishi Street.

Description

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Dashilanr is located to the south of Tiananmen Square, west of Qianmen Street. The overall length of Dashilanr is 275 metres (902 ft) from east to west.[5] Because of the overall improvement of business environment in Beijing, the heart of retail business is no longer in the area of Qianmen and the business position Dashilanr once held is also on the wane. Except some China Time-honored Brands (Chinese: 老ろう字じ号ごう; pinyin: Lǎo zìhào), most of the present shops and stores of Dashilanr are offering goods of poor qualities at low prices. Meanwhile, there are many lawless men perpetrating frauds and extortion on the street.[6]

History

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In the Ming dynasty, the name "Dashilanr" had not yet been recorded in the work of Zhang Zhupo, "Blocks and Streets in the Five Boroughs of Beijing".[7] Only Langfang Toutiao, Langfang Ertiao, Langfang Santiao and Langfang Sitiao [5] existed to the west of the road which was outside Qianmen.[8] Langfang Sitiao was located in the same place as modern-day Dashilanr. It can be inferred that the place name “Dashilanr” did not exist in the Ming dynasty. The so-called "Langfang" is often referred to as a storeroom along the street. Although the name "Dashilanr" was not used in the Ming dynasty, the place where Dashilanr situated was already a flourishing commercial district, with many merchants gathering.

In 1488, in order to secure the public safety of the capital, the central government built wooden fences at all the entrances to the streets and lanes in Beijing.[5] The fence was accomplished with contributions from the local residents, and the total number of the fences was more than 1,700 by the end of the Qing dynasty. Among them, the Langfang Sitiao street's fence was funded by the merchants. For this reason, the fence was extremely large and thus got the name "Dashilanr".[9] With the passage of time, "Dashilanr" gradually became the formal name of the street replacing "Langfang Sitiao".

In 1899, Dashilanr caught fire and the wooden fence was burnt.[5] Since then, the fence has practically disappeared, leaving only the name "Dashilanr" itself. It was not until the year of 2000 that the Beijing government rebuilt an iron fence at the entrance of Dashilanr.

Administrative Division

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As of 2021, there are a total of 9 communities under the subdistrict:[10]

Administrative Division Code Community Name (English) Community Name (Chinese)
110102013001 Qianmen Xiheyan 前ぜん门西河かわ沿
110102013002 Yanshoujie 延寿えんじゅ街がい
110102013003 Sanjing 三井みつい
110102013004 Dashilan Xijie 大だい栅栏西にし街がい
110102013005 Shitou 石いし头
110102013006 Tieshu Xiejie 铁树斜はす街がい
110102013007 Baishun 百ひゃく顺
110102013008 Da'anlanying 大安だいあん澜营
110102013009 Meishijiedong 煤すす市街しがい东

Shops and stores

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For centuries, the traditional commercial street Dashilanr has held quite a few China Time-honored Brands (Chinese: 老ろう字じ号ごう; pinyin: Lǎo zìhào) which are well-known in China.[11] The China Time-honored Brands, such as Tongrentang (Chinese: 同どう仁じん堂どう; pinyin: Tóngréntáng) Chinese herbal medicine store, Rui Fu Xiang (Chinese: 瑞みず蚨祥; pinyin: ruìfúxiáng) silk store,[12] Ma Ju Yuan (Chinese: 马聚元もと; pinyin: Mǎjùyuán) hat store, Nei Lian Sheng (Chinese: 内うち联升; pinyin: Neìliánshéng) shoe store,[13] Zhang Yi Yuan (Chinese: 张一いち元げん; pinyin: Zhāngyīyuán) tea shop,[14] and Liu Bi Ju (Chinese: 六ろく必居; pinyin: Liùbìjū) pickle shop, as well as Yi Pin Zhai (Chinese: 一品いっぴん斋; pinyin: Yīpǐnzhāi),[14][15] Bu Ying Zhai (Chinese: 步ふ瀛斋; pinyin: Bùyíngzhāi),[14][16] Ju Shun He (Chinese: 聚顺和わ; pinyin: Jùshùnhé),[17] Chang Sheng Kui (Chinese: 长盛魁さきがけ; pinyin: Chángshèngkuí),[18] are over 100 years old.

There once was a saying in Beijing, "Wear the hats of Ma Ju Yuan, stand in the shoes of Nei Lian Sheng, wear the clothes of Ba Da Xiang, and take the money of Si Da Heng Banks."[19] Ma Ju Yuan, Nei Lian Sheng, Ba Da Xiang (Chinese: 八大やひろ祥さち; pinyin: Bādàxiáng)[20] and Si Da Heng (Chinese: 四よん大だい恒つね; pinyin: Sìdàhéng)[21] are all stores located in Dashilanr that are taken as the symbols of wealth.

Dashilanr was also the former entertainment center of Beijing apart from the commercial center. There were five grand Chinese opera theaters in Dashilanr: Qingle Yuan (Chinese: 庆乐园; pinyin: Qìnglèyuán), Sanqing Yuan (Chinese: 三さん庆园; pinyin: Sānqìngyuán), Guangde Lou (Chinese: 广德楼ろう; pinyin: Guǎngdélóu), Guanghe Yuan (Chinese: 广和园; pinyin: Guǎnghéyuán), Tongle Yuan (Chinese: 同どう乐园; pinyin: Tónglèyuán);[22] the first movie theater in Beijing, Daguan Lou (Chinese: 大だい观楼; pinyin: Dàguānlóu),[23] also situated there. In former times there were many brothels and opium dens in the area.[24]

Education

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Tan'er Hutong (Coal Lane) Elementary School

One school in this area is Tan'er Hutong (Coal Lane) Elementary School (S: 炭すみ儿胡同どう小学しょうがく, T: 炭すみ兒じ胡同ふーとん小學しょうがく, P: Tàn'er Hútòng Xiǎoxué). According to Michael Meyer, the author of The Last Days of Old Beijing: Life in the Vanishing Backstreets of a City and a former teacher at Tan'er Hutong, the school had no gazetteer that recorded the history, the principal was not aware of the school history, and historical texts did not document the school's history; Meyer explained that "[i]t took months to assemble" his written history on the school and that he had gathered information by "talking to people in the lanes like Mr. Xie."[25]

Meyer's account says that the school first opened in 1950. Meyer states that originally it was a private school named Solemn Honor Elementary School. Meyer explains that, in 1956 the school was renamed Religious Service Temple Elementary School, due to the school's proximity to a religious temple, and became a government-operated school. Meyer states that, during that year, the school's name changed to Demonstrate Strength School. According to Meyer, in 1957 the school moved to a new location and adopted the name West Canal Bank School; the name referred to the school's location, adjacent to a stream of water that travels along the city wall. Meyer's account states that the school adopted the new name Front Gate West Street Elementary and Middle School in 1974. According to Meyer, in 1981 the elementary division separated into its own school, and began classes in a campus along Tan'er Hutong.[25]

During Meyer's period as a teacher, due to a widening project affecting Tan'er Hutong street, a different area elementary school was closed and demolished. Its employees and students were dispersed to various schools. Tan'er Hutong Elementary took two teachers and their students.[26]

Landmark

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b "Beijing Xicheng District People's Government".
  2. ^ "A Comparative Study on the Street Space Form in the Old City of Beijing: A Case Study of Shijia Hutong, the White Stupa Temple Area, and Dashilanr-Journal of Landscape Research2018年ねん02期き-手て机つくえ知ち网".
  3. ^ "Dashilar". Archived from the original on 2019-03-06. Retrieved 2019-03-03.
  4. ^ "北京ぺきん前ぜん门：古老ころう梦想的てき复兴 (Beijing's Qianmen Street: A Revival of Old Dreams)". 北京ぺきん旅たび游ゆう专家网. Retrieved May 21, 2007.
  5. ^ a b c d Zhang Jinqi (张金起おこり) (2008). Dashilanr over the Century(百ひゃく年ねん大だい栅栏) (in Chinese). Chongqing: Chongqing Publishing House. ISBN 978-7-5366-9294-7.
  6. ^ Jiang Weiwei (蒋韡薇ぜんまい). "Dashilanr: from Customs in Town to Cultural Lament (北京大ぺきんだい栅栏：从市井しせい风俗到いた文化ぶんか挽歌ばんか)" (in Chinese). People (人民じんみん网).
  7. ^ Blocks and Streets in the Five Boroughs of Beijing(京きょう师五城坊巷胡同集). Beijing: Beijing Ancient Books Publishing House. p. 41. ISBN 7-5300-0237-6.
  8. ^ Beijing Old Streets(北京ぺきん老ろう街がい). Beijing: Social Sciences Academic Press. 2007. p. 17. ISBN 978-7-80190-910-7.
  9. ^ Looking for the City of Beijing(寻找北京ぺきん城じょう). Beijing: Tsinghua University Press. 2008. p. 114. ISBN 978-7-302-17375-5.
  10. ^ "2021年ねん统计用よう区く划代码和城じょう乡划分ぶん代だい码". www.stats.gov.cn. Retrieved 2022-09-20.
  11. ^ Miao Kefeng(缪克沣) (2008). "Old Business at Dashilanr(大だい栅栏商しょう业旧事ごと)". Beijing Business(北京ぺきん商しょう业) (in Chinese) (1): 22–26.
  12. ^ "Introduction to Rui Fu Xiang". Beijing Rui Fu Xiang Silk Company Itd(北京ぺきん瑞みず蚨祥绸布店てん有限ゆうげん责任公司こうし). Archived from the original on 2011-02-13.
  13. ^ "Nei Lian Sheng Shoe Store". 中国ちゅうごく网.
  14. ^ a b c Lin Yueru(林はやし悦えつ儒). "Dashilanr and Guanyinsi Street in My Memory(我わが记忆中ちゅう的てき大だい栅栏和わ观音寺てら街がい)". The Government Website of Xicheng District, Beijing. Archived from the original on 4 September 2014. Retrieved 21 February 2012.
  15. ^ Yi Pin Zhai is a shoe shop.
  16. ^ Bu Ying Zhai is a shoe shop.
  17. ^ Ju Shun He is a store which sells preserved fruit.
  18. ^ Chang Sheng Kui is engaged with nuts and dried fruit.
  19. ^ "Hutongs in Beijing". Beijing Trip.
  20. ^ "Ba Da Xiang(八大やひろ祥さち)" (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 2016-09-21. Retrieved 2012-05-02. 清道きよみち光こう至いたり光こう绪年间，山やま东章丘おか孟はじめ氏し在京ざいきょう相しょう继开办的8家いえ"祥さち"字じ号ごう绸布店てん。因いん同どう为京城じょう绸布业的大だい店てん，店てん名取なとり"吉祥きっしょう发达"之の意い，人にん们将其统称しょう为"八はち大だい祥さち"。
  21. ^ "The Disappearing Lao zihao -- the Si Da Heng Banks That Once Acted as the "Wall Street of Beijing"(消失しょうしつ的てき老ろう字じ号ごう——曾支撑北京ぺきん"华尔街がい"的てき四よん大だい恒つね)" (in Chinese). "四よん大だい恒つね"是ぜ恒つね利り、恒和つねかず、恒つね兴、恒つね源げん四よん大だい钱庄，当とう时人们认为腰中ちゅう缠着"四よん大だい恒つね"钱庄的てき银票最さい富有ふゆう。
  22. ^ "Old Golden Age of Dashilanr(岁月流りゅう金きん大だい栅栏)" (in Chinese). Sina Business(新しん浪なみ财经). 冯广聚最难以忘怀的てき就是当年とうねん大だい栅栏的てき繁しげる华，整せい个地区内くない遍へん布ぬの一いち百ひゃく多た座ざ会かい馆、客きゃく栈、戏楼，各かく种人等とう在ざい这里流りゅう连忘返かえし。赫赫かくかく有名ゆうめい的てき大だい戏园就有广德楼ろう、广和园、庆乐园、三さん庆园，小しょう戏园子こ更さら是ぜ不知ふち道どう到底とうてい有ゆう多少たしょう家か。
  23. ^ Xiao Fuxing(肖あやか复兴) (2006). "The Rondo and Capriccio of Dashilanr(大だい栅栏回旋かいせん曲きょく和わ畅想曲きょく)". The Earth(《大地だいち》) (in Chinese) (2).
  24. ^ Shujuan, Lin (24 March 2006). "Dashilan deadline". China Daily. Archived from the original on 28 September 2007. Retrieved 30 January 2019.
  25. ^ a b Meyer, p. 150.
  26. ^ Meyer, p. 89.
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