The Jwauijeong [tɕwa ɰi tɕʌŋ], also known as the Left State Councilor[citation needed] or Second State Councilor,[1][2] was a member of the Uijeongbu. The Jwauijeong was subordinate in rank only to the Yeonguijeong, the highest-ranking official of the Joseon government, during the Joseon dynasty of Korea (1392–1910).[3] Only one official was appointed to the position and was variously referred to as Jwasang, Jwajeongseung, Jwagyu, Jwahap, or Jwadae.[3]
| Jwauijeong | |
 Portrait of Ha Yeon who served as Jwauijeong during the King Sejong's reign. | |
| Korean name | |
|---|---|
| Hangul | 좌의정/ 좌상/ 좌정승/ 좌규/ 좌합/ 좌대 |
| Hanja | |
| Revised Romanization | Jwauijeong[1]/ Jwasang / Jwajeongseung / Jwagyu / Jwahap / Jwadae |
| McCune–Reischauer | chwaŭijŏng / chwasang/ chwakyu / chwahap / chwadae |
Since its foundation, the Joseon dynasty, which had succeeded to the state apparatus of the Goryeo dynasty (918–1392), had been adjusting its government organization. In 1400, the second year after King Jeongjong came to the throne, he renamed the Dopyeong Assembly (
List of Left State Councilors
edit| Name | In office | Kings | Notes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name in English | Name in Hangul | Name in Hanja | |||
| Bae Geuk-ryeom | 배극렴 | 裵克 |
1392 | Taejo | as Munha Jwasijung (문하좌시중) |
| Jo Jun | 조준 | 1392-1399 | Taejo | as Munha Jwajeongseung (문하좌정승) | |
| Sim Deok-bu | 심덕부 | 沈德 |
1399-1400 | Jeongjong | as Munha Jwajeongseung |
| Seong Seok-rin | 성석린 | 1400 | Jeongjong | as Munha Jwajeongseung | |
| Min Je | 민제 | 閔霽 | 1400 | Jeongjong | as Munha Jwajeongseung |
| Yi Geo-i | 이거이 | 1400-1401 | Jeongjong | as Munha Jwajeongseung | |
| Kim Sa-hyeong | 김사형 | 1401-1402 | Taejong | as Munha Jwajeongseung | |
| Ha Ryun | 하륜 | 1402-1404 | Taejong | as Munha Jwajeongseung | |
| Jo Jun | 조준 | 1404-1405 | Taejong | as Munha Jwajeongseung | |
| Ha Ryun | 하륜 | 1405-1407 | Taejong | as Munha Jwajeongseung | |
| Seong Seok-rin | 성석린 | 1407-1412 | Jeongjong | as Munha Jwajeongseung | |
| Ha Ryun | 하륜 | 1412-1414 | Taejong | as Munha Jwajeongseung | |
| Nam Jae | 남재 | 1414-1415 | Taejong | ||
| Ha Ryun | 하륜 | 1415-1416 | Taejong | ||
| Ryu Jeong-hyeon | 류정현 | 1416 | Taejong | ||
| Park Eun | 박은 | 1416-1421 | Taejong | ||
| Yi Won | 이원 | 1421-1426 | Sejong | ||
| Ryu Jeong-hyeon | 류정현 | 1426 | Taejong | ||
| Yi Jik | 이직 | 1426-1427 | Sejong | ||
| Hwang Hui | 황희 | 1427-1430 | Sejong | ||
| Maeng Sa-seong | 맹사성 | 1431-1435 | Sejong | ||
| Choi Yun-deok | 최윤덕 | 1435-1436 | Sejong | ||
| Heo Jo | 허조 | 1439 | Sejong | ||
| Sin Gae | 신개 | 1445-1446 | Sejong | ||
| Ha Yeon | 하연 | 1447-1449 | Sejong | ||
| Hwang-bo In | 황보인 | 1449-1451 | Sejong | ||
| Nam Ji | 남지 | 1451-1452 | Munjong | ||
| Kim Jong-seo | 김종서 | 1452-1453 | Danjong | ||
| Jeong In-ji | 정인지 | 1453-1455 | Danjong | ||
| Han Hwak | 한확 | 1455-1456 | Sejo | ||
| Yi Sa-cheol | 이사철 | 1456 | Sejo | ||
| Jeong Chang-son | 정창손 | 1457-1458 | Sejo | ||
| Gang Maeng-gyeong | 강맹경 | 1458-1459 | Sejo | ||
| Sin Suk-ju | 신숙주 | 1459-1462 | Sejo | ||
| Gwon Ram | 권람 | 1462-1463 | Sejo | ||
| Han Myeong-hoe | 한명회 | 1463-1464 | Sejo | ||
| Gu Ji-gwan | 구치관 | 1464-1466 | Sejo | ||
| Hwang Su-sin | 황수신 | 1466 | Sejo | ||
| Sim Hoe | 심회 | 沈澮 | 1466-1467 | Sejo | |
| Choe Hang | 최항 | 1467 | Sejo | ||
| Jo Seok-mun | 조석문 | 曺錫 |
1467 | Sejo | |
| Hong Dal-son | 홍달손 | 1467-1468 | Sejo | ||
| Park Won-hyeong | 박원형 | 1468 | Sejo | ||
| Kim Jil | 김질 | 1468-1469 | Yejong | ||
| Hong Yun-seong | 홍윤성 | 1469 | Yejong | ||
| Yun Ja-un | 윤자운 | 1469-1470 | Yejong | ||
| Kim Guk-gwang | 김국광 | 1470-1471 | Seongjong | ||
| Choe Hang | 최항 | 1471-1474 | Seongjong | ||
| Han Myeong-hoe | 한명회 | 1474-1476 | Seongjong | ||
| Jo Seok-mun | 조석문 | 曺錫 |
1476 | Seongjong | |
| Sim Hoe | 심회 | 沈澮 | 1476-1479 | Seongjong | |
| Yun Pil-sang | 윤필상 | 1479-1485 | Seongjong | ||
| Hong Eung | 홍응 | 1485-1492 | Seongjong | ||
| No Sa-sin | 노사신 | 1492-1495 | Seongjong | ||
| Shin Seung-seon | 신승선 | 1495 | Yeonsangun | ||
| Jeong Gwal | 정괄 | 1495 | Yeonsangun | ||
| Eo Se-gyeom | 어세겸 | 1496-1498 | Yeonsangun | ||
| Han Chi-hyeong | 한치형 | 1498-1500 | Yeonsangun | ||
| Seong Jun | 성준 | 1500-1503 | Yeonsangun | ||
| Yi Geuk-gyun | 이극균 | 1503-1504 | Yeonsangun | ||
| Ryu Sun | 류순 | 1504 | Yeonsangun | ||
| Heo Chim | 허침 | 1504-1505 | Yeonsangun | ||
| Park Sung-jil | 박숭질 | 1505-1506 | Yeonsangun | ||
| Shin Su-geun | 신수근 | 1506 | Yeonsangun | ||
| Kim Su-dong | 김수동 | 1506 | Jungjong | ||
| Park Won-jong | 박원종 | 1506-1509 | Jungjong | ||
| Ryu Sun-jeong | 류순정 | 1509-1512 | Jungjong | ||
| Seong Hui-an | 성희안 | 1512-1513 | Jungjong | ||
| Song Jil | 송질 | 1513 | Jungjong | ||
| Jeong Gwang-pil | 정광필 | 1513-1516 | Jungjong | ||
| Kim Eung-gi | 김응기 | 1516-1518 | Jungjong | ||
| Shin Yong-gae | 신용개 | 1518-1519 | Jungjong | ||
| An Dang | 안당 | 1519 | Jungjong | ||
| Nam Gon | 남곤 | 1519-1523 | Jungjong | ||
| Yi Yu-cheong | 이유청 | 1523-1527 | Jungjong | ||
| Jeong Gwang-pil | 정광필 | 1527 | Jungjong | ||
| Sim Jeong | 심정 | 沈貞 | 1527-1530 | Jungjong | |
| Yi Hang | 이항 | 1530-1531 | Jungjong | ||
| Jang Sun-son | 장순손 | 1531-1533 | Jungjong | ||
| Han Hyo-won | 한효원 | 1533-1534 | Jungjong | ||
| Kim Geun-sa | 김근사 | 1534-1535 | Jungjong | ||
| Kim Ahn-ro | 김안로 | 1535-1537 | Jungjong | ||
| Yun Eun-bo | 윤은보 | 1537 | Jungjong | ||
| Ryu Bu | 류부 | 1537 | Jungjong | ||
| Hong Eon-pil | 홍언필 | 1537-1545 | Jungjong | ||
| Yun In-gyeong | 윤인경 | 1545 | Injong | ||
| Ryu Gwan | 류관 | 1545 | Injong | ||
| Seong Se-chang | 성세창 | 1545 | Myeongjong | ||
| Yi Gi | 이기 | 1545-1548 | Myeongjong | ||
| Hong Eon-pil | 홍언필 | 1548 | Myeongjong | ||
| Yun In-gyeong | 윤인경 | 1548 | Myeongjong | ||
| Hwang Heon | 황헌 | 1548-1549 | Myeongjong | ||
| Sim Yeon-won | 심연원 | 沈連 |
1549-1551 | Myeongjong | |
| Sang Jin | 상진 | 尙震 | 1551-1558 | Myeongjong | |
| Yun Gae | 윤개 | 1558 | Myeongjong | ||
| An Hyeon | 안현 | 1558-1560 | Myeongjong | ||
| Yi Jun-gyeong | 이준경 | 1560-1564 | Myeongjong | ||
| Sim Tong-won | 심통원 | 沈通 |
1564-1565 | Myeongjong | |
| Yi Myeong | 이명 | 1565-1567 | Myeongjong, Seonjo | ||
| Gwon Cheol | 권철 | 1567-1571 | Seonjo | ||
| Hong Seom | 홍섬 | 1571-1573 | Seonjo | ||
| Park Sun | 박순 | 1573-1574 | Seonjo | ||
| Yi Tak | 이탁 | 1574 | Seonjo | ||
| Park Sun | 박순 | 1574-1576 | Seonjo | ||
| Hong Seom | 홍섬 | 1576-1578 | Seonjo | ||
| No Su-sin | 노수신 | 1578-1581 | Seonjo | ||
| Kim Gwi-yeong | 김귀영 | 1581-1583 | Seonjo | ||
| Jeong Yu-gil | 정유길 | 1583-1584 | Seonjo | ||
| No Su-sin | 노수신 | 1584-1585 | Seonjo | ||
| Jeong Yu-gil | 정유길 | 1585-1588 | Seonjo | ||
| Ryu Jeon | 류전 | 1588-1589 | Seonjo | ||
| Yi San-hae | 이산해 | 1589-1590 | Seonjo | ||
| Jeong Cheol | 정철 | 1590-1591 | Seonjo | ||
| Ryu Seong-ryong | 류성룡 | 1591-1592 | Seonjo | ||
| Yi Yang-won | 이양원 | 1592 | Seonjo | ||
| Choi Heung-won | 최흥원 | 1592 | Seonjo | ||
| Yun Doo-su | 윤두수 | 1592-1594 | Seonjo | ||
| Yu Hong | 유홍 | 兪泓 | 1594 | Seonjo | |
| Kim Eung-nam | 김응남 | 1595-1597 | Seonjo | ||
| Yun Doo-su | 윤두수 | 1598 | Seonjo | ||
| Yi Won-ik | 이원익 | 1598 | Seonjo | ||
| Yi Deok-hyeong | 이덕형 | 1598-1599 | Seonjo | ||
| Sim Su-gyeong | 심수경 | 沈守 |
1599 | Seonjo | |
| Yi Deok-hyeong | 이덕형 | 1599 | Seonjo | ||
| Yi Hang-bok | 이항복 | 1599 | Seonjo | ||
| Yi Deok-hyeong | 이덕형 | 1599 | Seonjo | ||
| Yi Heon-guk | 이헌국 | 1599-1600 | Seonjo | ||
| Yi Hang-bok | 이항복 | 1600 | Seonjo | ||
| Jeong Tak | 정탁 | 1600 | Seonjo | ||
| Yi Won-ik | 이원익 | 1600 | Seonjo | ||
| Yi Hang-bok | 이항복 | 1600 | Seonjo | ||
| Yi Heon-guk | 이헌국 | 1600-1601 | Seonjo | ||
| Kim Myeong-won | 김명원 | 1601-1602 | Seonjo | ||
| Yun Seung-hun | 윤승훈 | 1602-1604 | Seonjo | ||
| Ryu Yeong-gyeong | 류영경 | 1604 | Seonjo | ||
| Gi Ja-heon | 기자헌 | 1604-1606 | Seonjo | ||
| Sim Hui-su | 심희수 | 沈 |
1606 | Seonjo | |
| Heo Uk | 허욱 | 1606-1608 | Seonjo | ||
| Gi Ja-heon | 기자헌 | 1608 | Gwanghaegun | ||
| Yi Hang-bok | 이항복 | 1608-1611 | Gwanghaegun | ||
| Yi Deok-hyeong | 이덕형 | 1611-1612 | Gwanghaegun | ||
| Yi Hang-bok | 이항복 | 1612-1613 | Gwanghaegun | ||
| Jeong In-hong | 정인홍 | 1614-1617 | Gwanghaegun | ||
| Jeong Chang-yeon | 정창연 | 1617-1618 | Gwanghaegun | ||
| Han Hyo-sun | 한효순 | 1618 | Gwanghaegun | ||
| Min Mong-ryong | 민몽룡 | 閔夢 |
1618 | Gwanghaegun | |
| Park Seung-jong | 박승종 | 1618-1619 | Gwanghaegun | ||
| Park Hong-gu | 박홍구 | 1619-1623 | Gwanghaegun | ||
| Jeong Chang-yeon | 정창연 | 1623 | Injo | ||
| Yun Bang | 윤방 | 1623-1627 | Injo | ||
| Shin Heum | 신흠 | 1627 | Injo | ||
| O Yun-gyeom | 오윤겸 | 1627-1628 | Injo | ||
| Kim Ryu | 김류 | 1628-1631 | Injo | ||
| Yi Jeong-gu | 이정구 | 1631-1632 | Injo | ||
| Kim Ryu | 김류 | 1633 | Injo | ||
| O Yun-gyeom | 오윤겸 | 1633-1636 | Injo | ||
| Hong Seo-bong | 홍서봉 | 1636-1637 | Injo | ||
| Yi Seong-gu | 이성구 | 1637 | Injo | ||
| Choe Myeong-gil | 최명길 | 1637-1638 | Injo | ||
| Shin Gyeong-jin | 신경진 | 1638-1643 | Injo | ||
| Sin Yeol | 심열 | 沈悅 | 1643 | Injo | |
| Sin Gi-won | 심기원 | 沈器 |
1643 | Injo | |
| Kim Ja-jeom | 김자점 | 1643-1644 | Injo | ||
| Sin Yeol | 심열 | 沈悅 | 1644 | Injo | |
| Hong Seo-bong | 홍서봉 | 1644 | Injo | ||
| Sin Yeol | 심열 | 沈悅 | 1644-1645 | Injo | |
| Hong Seo-bong | 홍서봉 | 1645 | Injo | ||
| Kim Ja-jeom | 김자점 | 1646 | Injo | ||
| Kim Sang-heon | 김상헌 | 1646 | Injo | ||
| Yi Gyeong-seok | 이경석 | 1647 | Injo | ||
| Nam Yi-ung | 남이웅 | 1648 | Injo | ||
| Yi Gyeong-seok | 이경석 | 1648-1649 | Injo | ||
| Kim Sang-heon | 김상헌 | 1649 | Hyojong | ||
| Jeong Tae-hwa | 정태화 | 1649 | Hyojong | ||
| Jo Ik | 조익 | 1649-1650 | Hyojong | ||
| Jeong Tae-hwa | 정태화 | 1650 | Hyojong | ||
| Jo Ik | 조익 | 1649-1650 | Hyojong | ||
| Yi Si-baek | 이시백 | 1650-1651 | Hyojong | ||
| Kim Yuk | 김육 | 1651-1654 | Hyojong | ||
| Yi Si-baek | 이시백 | 1654 | Hyojong | ||
| Gu In-hu | 구인후 | 1654-1656 | Hyojong | ||
| Sim Ji-won | 심지원 | 沈之 |
1656-1657 | Hyojong | |
| Won Doo-pyo | 원두표 | 1657-1659 | Hyojong | ||
| Sim Ji-won | 심지원 | 沈之 |
1659-1662 | Hyeonjong | |
| Won Doo-pyo | 원두표 | 1662-1664 | Hyeonjong | ||
| Hong Myeong-ha | 홍명하 | 1664-1667 | Hyeonjong | ||
| Heo Jeok | 허적 | 1667 | Hyeonjong | ||
| Jeong Chi-hwa | 정치화 | 1668 | Hyeonjong | ||
| Heo Jeok | 허적 | 1668-1671 | Hyeonjong | ||
| Jeong Chi-hwa | 정치화 | 1671-1672 | Hyeonjong | ||
| Song Si-yeol | 송시열 | 1672 | Hyeonjong | ||
| Kim Su-hang | 김수항 | 1672-1673 | Hyeonjong | ||
| Yi Gyeong-eok | 이경억 | 1673 | Hyeonjong | ||
| Song Si-yeol | 송시열 | 1673 | Hyeonjong | ||
| Jeong Ji-hwa | 정지화 | 1674 | Hyeonjong | ||
| Kim Su-hang | 김수항 | 1674 | Hyeonjong | ||
| Jeong Chi-hwa | 정치화 | 1674-1675 | Sukjong | ||
| Kim Su-hang | 김수항 | 1675 | Sukjong | ||
| Gwon Dae-un | 권대운 | 1675-1679 | Sukjong | ||
| Min Hui | 민희 | 閔熙 | 1679-1680 | Sukjong | |
| Jeong Ji-hwa | 정지화 | 1680 | Sukjong | ||
| Min Jeong-jung | 민정중 | 閔鼎 |
1680-1684 | Sukjong | |
| Jeong Ji-hwa | 정지화 | 1684-1685 | Sukjong | ||
| Min Jeong-jung | 민정중 | 閔鼎 |
1685 | Sukjong | |
| Jeong Ji-hwa | 정지화 | 1685 | Sukjong | ||
| Nam Gu-man | 남구만 | 1685-1687 | Sukjong | ||
| Yi Dang-ha | 이단하 | 1687 | Sukjong | ||
| Jo Sa-seok | 조사석 | 1688-1689 | Sukjong | ||
| Ye Seong-je | 여성제 | 1689 | Sukjong | ||
| Mok Nae-seon | 목내선 | 1689-1694 | Sukjong | ||
| Min Am | 민암 | 閔黯 | 1694 | Sukjong | |
| Park Se-chae | 박세채 | 1694-1695 | Sukjong | ||
| Ryu Sang-un | 류상운 | 1695-1696 | Sukjong | ||
| Yun Ji-seon | 윤지선 | 1696-1698 | Sukjong | ||
| Yi Se-baek | 이세백 | 1698-1699 | Sukjong | ||
| Choi Seok-jeong | 최석정 | 1699 | Sukjong | ||
| Yi Se-baek | 이세백 | 1700-1703 | Sukjong | ||
| Shin Wan | 신완 | 1703 | Sukjong | ||
| Yi Ye | 이여 | 1703-1705 | Sukjong | ||
| Seo Jong-tae | 서종태 | 1706-1707 | Sukjong | ||
| Kim Chang-jip | 김창집 | 1707 | Sukjong | ||
| Yi Yu | 이유 | 1707-1708 | Sukjong | ||
| Yi Yi-myeong | 이이명 | 1709 | Sukjong | ||
| Seo Jong-tae | 서종태 | 1709-1711 | Sukjong | ||
| Kim Chang-jip | 김창집 | 1711-1712 | Sukjong | ||
| Seo Jong-tae | 서종태 | 1712 | Sukjong | ||
| Yi Yi-myeong | 이이명 | 1713 | Sukjong | ||
| Kim Chang-jip | 김창집 | 1713-1717 | Sukjong | ||
| Yi Yi-myeong | 이이명 | 1717 | Sukjong | ||
| Gwon Sang-ha | 권상하 | 1717-1720 | Sukjong | ||
| Yi Gyeon-myeong | 이건명 | 1720-1721 | Gyeongjong | ||
| Choi Gyu-seo | 최규서 | 1721-1723 | Gyeongjong | ||
| Choe Seok-hang | 최석항 | 1723-1724 | Gyeongjong | ||
| Yi Gwang-jwa | 이광좌 | 1724 | Yeongjo | ||
| Ryu Bong-hwi | 류봉휘 | 1724-1725 | Yeongjo | ||
| Jo Tae-eok | 조태억 | 1725 | Yeongjo | ||
| Jeong Ho | 정호 | 1725 | Yeongjo | ||
| Min Jin-won | 민진원 | 閔鎭 |
1725-1726 | Yeongjo | |
| Hong Chi-jung | 홍치중 | 1726-1727 | Yeongjo | ||
| Jo Tae-eok | 조태억 | 1727-1728 | Yeongjo | ||
| Hong Chi-jung | 홍치중 | 1728-1729 | Yeongjo | ||
| Yi Tae-jwa | 이태좌 | 1729 | Yeongjo | ||
| Yi Jip | 이집 | 1730-1731 | Yeongjo | ||
| Jo Mun-myeong | 조문명 | 1732 | Yeongjo | ||
| Seo Myeong-gyun | 서명균 | 1732-1735 | Yeongjo | ||
| Kim Jae-ro | 김재로 | 1735-1740 | Yeongjo | ||
| Song In-myeong | 송인명 | 1740-1746 | Yeongjo | ||
| Jeong Seok-o | 정석오 | 1746-1747 | Yeongjo | ||
| Jo Hyeon-myeong | 조현명 | 1747-1749 | Yeongjo | ||
| Kim Yak-ro | 김약로 | 1749-1751 | Yeongjo | ||
| Jo Hyeon-myeong | 조현명 | 1751 | Yeongjo | ||
| Yi Jong-seong | 이종성 | 1752 | Yeongjo | ||
| Yi Cheon-bo | 이천보 | 1752-1754 | Yeongjo | ||
| Kim Sang-ro | 김상로 | 1754-1758 | Yeongjo | ||
| Shin Man | 신만 | 1758-1759 | Yeongjo | ||
| Kim Sang-ro | 김상로 | 1759 | Yeongjo | ||
| Shin Man | 신만 | 1759-1760 | Yeongjo | ||
| Yi Hu | 이후 | 1760-1761 | Yeongjo | ||
| Hong Bong-han | 홍봉한 | 1761 | Yeongjo | ||
| Jeong Hwi-ryang | 정휘량 | 1761 | Yeongjo | ||
| Hong Bong-han | 홍봉한 | 1762-1763 | Yeongjo | ||
| Yun Dong-do | 윤동도 | 1763-1765 | Yeongjo | ||
| Kim Sang-bok | 김상복 | 1765-1766 | Yeongjo | ||
| Kim Chi-in | 김치인 | 1766 | Yeongjo | ||
| Yun Dong-do | 윤동도 | 1766 | Yeongjo | ||
| Han Ik-mo | 한익모 | 1766-1768 | Yeongjo | ||
| Kim Yang-taek | 김양택 | 1768 | Yeongjo | ||
| Han Ik-mo | 한익모 | 1768 | Yeongjo | ||
| Kim Yang-taek | 김양택 | 1768-1769 | Yeongjo | ||
| Kim Sang-bok | 김상복 | 1769-1770 | Yeongjo | ||
| Han Ik-mo | 한익모 | 1770-1772 | Yeongjo | ||
| Sin Hoe | 신회 | 1772 | Yeongjo | ||
| Yi Eun | 이은 | 1772 | Yeongjo | ||
| Kim Sang-cheol | 김상철 | 1772 | Yeongjo | ||
| Yi Chang-ui | 이창의 | 1772 | Yeongjo | ||
| Kim Sang-cheol | 김상철 | 1772 | Yeongjo | ||
| Yi Eun | 이은 | 1772-1773 | Yeongjo | ||
| Kim Sang-cheol | 김상철 | 1773-1774 | Yeongjo | ||
| Yi Eun | 이은 | 1774 | Yeongjo | ||
| Kim Sang-cheol | 김상철 | 1774 | Yeongjo | ||
| Yi Eun | 이은 | 1774 | Yeongjo | ||
| Yi Sa-gwan | 이사관 | 1774-1775 | Yeongjo | ||
| Hong In-han | 홍인한 | 1775 | Yeongjo | ||
| Yi Sa-gwan | 이사관 | 1775-1776 | Yeongjo | ||
| Yi Eun | 이은 | 1776 | Yeongjo | ||
| Sin Hoe | 신회 | 1776 | Yeongjo | ||
| Kim Sang-cheol | 김상철 | 1776 | Jeongjo | ||
| Jeong Jon-gyeom | 정존겸 | 1776 | Jeongjo | ||
| Kim Sang-cheol | 김상철 | 1776-1777 | Jeongjo | ||
| Jeong Jon-gyeom | 정존겸 | 1777-1778 | Jeongjo | ||
| Seo Myeong-seon | 서명선 | 1778-1779 | Jeongjo | ||
| Hong Nak-sun | 홍낙순 | 1779-1780 | Jeongjo | ||
| Yi Eun | 이은 | 1780 | Jeongjo | ||
| Seo Myeong-seon | 서명선 | 1780-1781 | Jeongjo | ||
| Hong Nak-sun | 홍낙순 | 1782 | Jeongjo | ||
| Yi Bok-won | 이복원 | 1782-1783 | Jeongjo | ||
| Hong Nak-sun | 홍낙순 | 1783 | Jeongjo | ||
| Yi Bok-won | 이복원 | 1783-1784 | Jeongjo | ||
| Hong Nak-sun | 홍낙순 | 1784-1786 | Jeongjo | ||
| Yi Bok-won | 이복원 | 1786-1787 | Jeongjo | ||
| Yi Jae-hyeop | 이재협 | 1787-1788 | Jeongjo | ||
| Yi Seong-won | 이성원 | 1788-1789 | Jeongjo | ||
| Yi Jae-hyeop | 이재협 | 1789 | Jeongjo | ||
| Chae Je-gong | 채제공 | 蔡濟 |
1789-1793 | Jeongjo | |
| Kim Jong-su | 김종수 | 1793 | Jeongjo | ||
| Kim I-so | 김이소 | 1793-1795 | Jeongjo | ||
| Yu Eon-ho | 유언호 | 兪彦鎬 | 1795 | Jeongjo | |
| Chae Je-gong | 채제공 | 蔡濟 |
1795-1798 | Jeongjo | |
| Yi Byeong-mo | 이병모 | 1798-1799 | Jeongjo | ||
| Sim Hwan-ji | 심환지 | 沈煥 |
1799-1800 | Jeongjo | |
| Yi Si-su | 이시수 | 1800-1802 | Sunjo | ||
| Seo Ryong-bo | 서룡보 | 1803-1804 | Sunjo | ||
| Yi Si-su | 이시수 | 1804 | Sunjo | ||
| Seo Mae-su | 서매수 | 1804-1805 | Sunjo | ||
| Yi Gyeong-il | 이경일 | 1805 | Sunjo | ||
| Han Yong-gwi | 한용귀 | 1805-1806 | Sunjo | ||
| Seo Ryong-bo | 서룡보 | 1806 | Sunjo | ||
| Yi Si-su | 이시수 | 1806-1808 | Sunjo | ||
| Kim Jae-chan | 김재찬 | 1808-1812 | Sunjo | ||
| Han Yong-gwi | 한용귀 | 1812-1817 | Sunjo | ||
| Kim Jae-chan | 김재찬 | 1817 | Sunjo | ||
| Kim Sa-mok | 김사목 | 1819 | Sunjo | ||
| Nam-gong-cheol | 남공철 | 1821-1822 | Sunjo | ||
| Yi Sang-hwang | 이상황 | 1824-1829 | Sunjo | ||
| Yi Jon-su | 이존수 | 1829 | Sunjo | ||
| Yi Sang-hwang | 이상황 | 1829-1833 | Sunjo | ||
| Sim Sang-gyu | 심상규 | 沈象奎 | 1833-1834 | Sunjo | |
| Hong Seok-ju | 홍석주 | 1834-1836 | Sunjo, Heonjong | ||
| Park Jong-hun | 박종훈 | 1837-1838 | Heonjong | ||
| Kim Hong-geun | 김홍근 | 1838-1842 | Heonjong | ||
| Jeong Won-yong | 정원용 | 1842-1843 | Heonjong | ||
| Gwon Don-in | 권돈인 | 1843-1845 | Heonjong | ||
| Kim Do-hui | 김도희 | 1845-1850 | Heonjong, Cheoljong | ||
| Jeong Won-yong | 정원용 | 1850 | Cheoljong | ||
| Kim Heung-geun | 김흥근 | 1851 | Cheoljong | ||
| Park Yeong-won | 박영원 | 1852 | Cheoljong | ||
| Yi Heon-gu | 이헌구 | 1852-1853 | Cheoljong | ||
| Kim Do-hui | 김도희 | 1856-1857 | Cheoljong | ||
| Jo Du-sun | 조두순 | 1858 | Cheoljong | ||
| Park Hoe-su | 박회수 | 1859-1860 | Cheoljong | ||
| Jo Du-sun | 조두순 | 1860-1864 | Cheoljong, Gojong | ||
| Yi Yu-won | 이유원 | 1864-1865 | Gojong | ||
| Kim Byeong-hak | 김병학 | 1865-1867 | Gojong | ||
| Ryu Hu-jo | 류후조 | 1867 | Gojong | ||
| Yi Yu-won | 이유원 | 1868 | Gojong | ||
| Gang Ro | 강로 | 1872-1873 | Gojong | ||
| Yi Choe-eung, Prince Heung-in | 흥인군 이최응 | 1874-1875 | Gojong | ||
| Kim Byeong-guk | 김병국 | 1878-1882 | Gojong | ||
| Seo Dang-bo | 서당보 | 1882 | Gojong | ||
| Song Geun-su | 송근수 | 1882 | Gojong | ||
| Kim Byeong-guk | 김병국 | 1882-1884 | Gojong | ||
| Yi Jae-won, Prince Wan-rim | 완림군 이재원 | 1884 | Gojong | ||
| Shim Soon-taek | 심순택 | 沈舜 |
1884 | Gojong | |
| Kim Hong-jip | 김홍집 | 1884 | Gojong | ||
| Kim Byeong-deok | 김병덕 | 1885 | Gojong | ||
| Kim Byeong-si | 김병시 | 1886 | Gojong | ||
| Kim Hong-jip | 김홍집 | 1886 | Gojong | ||
| Kim Byeong-si | 김병시 | 1886 | Gojong | ||
| Kim Hong-jip | 김홍집 | 1887-1888 | Gojong | ||
| Kim Byeong-si | 김병시 | 1888 | Gojong | ||
| Song Geun-su | 송근수 | 1892 | Gojong | ||
| Jo Byeong-se | 조병세 | 1893-1894 | Gojong | last Jwauijeong | |
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b "좌의정(
左 議 政 ), Jwauijeong". The Academy of Korean Studies (in Korean and English). Archived from the original on February 15, 2012. Retrieved 2009-01-31. - ^ Choi (2006), The Origin of the Roman Catholic Church in Korea p. 372
- ^ a b c 좌의정 (
左 議 政 ) (in Korean). Empas /EncyKorea. Retrieved 2009-01-31. - ^ "도평의사사 (
都 評議 使 司 ), Dopyeonguisasa" (in Korean and English). Academy of Korean Studies. Retrieved 2009-01-31. - ^ "우의정(
右 議 政 ), uuijeong" (in Korean and English). Academy of Korean Studies. Retrieved 2009-01-29. - ^ "정승(
政 丞 ), Jeongseung" (in Korean and English). Academy of Korean Studies. Retrieved 2009-01-29.
- Lee, Ki-Baik (1984). A New History of Korea. Harvard University Press. ISBN 0-674-61575-1.
- Choi, Jai-Keun (2006). The Origin of the Roman Catholic Church in Korea. The Hermit Kingdom Press. ISBN 1-59689-064-9.