(Translated by https://www.hiragana.jp/)
Kenting National Park - Wikipedia
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Kenting National Park

(Redirected from Kenting)

Kenting National Park (Chinese: 墾丁國家こっか公園こうえん; pinyin: Kěndīng Gúojiā Gōngyuán), commonly known as Kenting (Chinese: 墾丁; pinyin: Kěndīng), is a national park located on the Hengchun Peninsula of Pingtung County, Taiwan, covering Hengchun, Checheng, and Manzhou Townships. Established on 1 January 1984,[1] it is Taiwan's oldest and the southernmost national park on the main island, covering the southernmost area of the Taiwan island along Bashi Channel. Administered by the Executive Yuan's Ministry of the Interior, this national park is well known for its tropical climate and sunshine, scenic mountain and beach, the Spring Scream rock-band festival held in every March,[2] and has long been one of the most popular tourist destinations in Taiwan with 5.84 million visitors in 2016.[3]

Kenting National Park
Cape Maobitou in Kenting National Park
Location of Kenting National Park in Taiwan
LocationTaiwan
Nearest cityHengchun
Coordinates21°58′48″N 120°47′49″E / 21.98°N 120.797°E / 21.98; 120.797
Area333 km2 (129 sq mi)
Established1 January 1984
Visitors8,376,708 (in 2014)
Governing bodyKenting National Park Administration Office
www.ktnp.gov.tw/en/
Kenting National Park
Traditional Chinese墾丁ちょう國家こっか公園こうえん
Simplified Chinese垦丁ちょう国家こっか公おおやけ园
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinKěndīng Guójiā Gōngyuán
Wade–GilesK'en3-ting1 Kuo2-chia1 Kung1-yüan2
Southern Min
Hokkien POJKhún-teng kok-ka kong-hn̂g

Etymology

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Kenting (墾丁, Kun-ting in Taiwanese) means pathfinders or pioneers.

Geography

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The park covers about 181 square kilometres (70 sq mi) of land, 152 square kilometres (59 sq mi) of sea, weighing in at 333 square kilometres (129 sq mi) combined. Nan Wan and Banana Bay (香こう蕉灣) is surrounded by the Pacific Ocean, the Taiwan Strait, and the Luzon Strait. The park is 90 kilometres (56 mi) away from Kaohsiung, 140 kilometres (87 mi) away from Tainan.

The landscape boasted by Kenting National Park is divided into two parts by the long and narrow Hengchun Longitudinal Valley Plain that extends from north to south. With coral sea cliffs teemed with fringing reefs along the west coast, the park features a large number of mountains in the north, and coral tablelands and foothills in the south. The plain, which is formed by fault valleys, has a vast lake called Longluan Lake, together with rising coral tablelands and limestone caves to the east. The east side of the coral tablelands features unique sand rivers and sand waterfalls formed by the combined effects of winds and rivers, as well as coral cliffs, sunken caves and stalactites.

Climate

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Kenting is known for its tropical climate with warm to hot weather year-round. Along with the rest of Pingtung, the climate is geographically classified as a tropical monsoon climate.

Climate data for Kenting National Park
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 26.1
(79.0) 		26.7
(80.1) 		27.5
(81.5) 		29.5
(85.1) 		31.0
(87.8) 		31.5
(88.7) 		32.0
(89.6) 		31.7
(89.1) 		31.1
(88.0) 		29.8
(85.6) 		27.6
(81.7) 		27.0
(80.6) 		29.3
(84.7)
Daily mean °C (°F) 21.5
(70.7) 		22.0
(71.6) 		23.8
(74.8) 		25.8
(78.4) 		27.5
(81.5) 		28.4
(83.1) 		28.7
(83.7) 		28.4
(83.1) 		27.8
(82.0) 		26.7
(80.1) 		24.8
(76.6) 		22.3
(72.1) 		25.6
(78.1)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 19.8
(67.6) 		20.5
(68.9) 		21.2
(70.2) 		22.3
(72.1) 		24.1
(75.4) 		25.3
(77.5) 		25.6
(78.1) 		25.3
(77.5) 		24.7
(76.5) 		23.9
(75.0) 		22.0
(71.6) 		21.3
(70.3) 		22.5
(72.5)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 25.7
(1.01) 		27.7
(1.09) 		19.9
(0.78) 		43.5
(1.71) 		163.9
(6.45) 		371.3
(14.62) 		396.3
(15.60) 		475.2
(18.71) 		288.3
(11.35) 		141.8
(5.58) 		43.2
(1.70) 		20.6
(0.81) 		2,017.4
(79.43)
Average rainy days (≥ 0.1 mm) 8.0 6.8 4.8 6.3 11.1 16.9 16.4 18.9 15.9 10.8 7.1 6.1 129.1
Average relative humidity (%) 72.6 73.7 74.4 75.4 78.5 83.6 83.3 84.0 79.7 74.0 70.8 70.7 76.7
Mean monthly sunshine hours 168.0 165.1 199.7 192.6 193.9 183.6 221.0 195.5 177.2 198.1 177.7 161.4 2,233.8
Source: Central Weather Bureau[4]

Biodiversity

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Formosan sika deer
 
Terrestrial crab

The park hosts rich terrestrial biodiversity of fauna and flora including 15 species of mammals, 310 species of birds, 59 species of reptiles and amphibians, 21 species of freshwater fish, 216 species of butterflies, and various insects.[5]

Eluanbi Park or Oluanpi Park (鹅鑾鼻はな公園こうえん) is located at Cape Eluanbi.[6] Nature reserves such as the Longkeng Ecological Protection Area (龍りゅう坑あな生態せいたい保護ほご區く)[7] protecting coral reefs and virgin forest of Banana Bay and Hengchun Peninsula.[8] 26 species of land crabs inhabit in the area and which is the highest diversity of terrestrial crabs in single areas in the world.[9] 34 species of terrestrial mammals including 5 locally extinct such as Formosan clouded leopard, and 4 introduced such as water buffalo, have been recorded.[10] Formosan sika deer which became extinct in wild in 1969, was first reintroduced into Kenting National Park in 1994.[11] Aside from sika deer, 6 species of terrestrial mammals were once thought to be extinct in the area, while critically endangered Chinese pangolin were rediscovered a decade after.[12]

Ocean current which flows off the park provides rich diversities of marine ecosystems including sea birds, sea turtles including critically endangered hawksbill turtles,[13] sharks such as bull sharks[14]manta-rays, and whale sharks,[15][16] and smaller to medium-sized cetaceans.[17][18][19][20] The area was once a major wintering ground for sperm and baleen whales[21] especially humpback whales that migrated into Nan Wan and Banana Bay.[22] Japanese whaling during Japanese colonial days,[15][23][24] led to severe depletions or disappearances of whales in consequence. Today, no or very few whales may constantly migrate along Hengchun Peninsula and into the park's waters.[25][26][27] Dugongs, thought to be either fully or functionally extinct in Taiwan, were reported in the 1950s and 60s, and these were some of the last report of the species in Taiwanese waters.[28]

The national park is an important stopover on the migration path of the gray-faced buzzard.[29]

Lighthouse

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Eluanbi lighthouse

Eluanbi Lighthouse was completed in 1883, following requests from the American and Japanese governments to the Chinese government after several shipwrecks occurred in the 1860s (including the Rover incident). Chinese troops had to be sent to protect the lighthouse during construction from attacks by local tribesmen, and the lighthouse was surrounded by a fort with cannons and a ditch for protection.[30] It is one of the rare examples in the world of a fortified lighthouse. The lighthouse itself is 21.4 metres (70 ft) high and its light is 56.4 metres (185 ft) above the tidal high water. The light flashes every 10 seconds and its range is 27.2 nautical miles (50.4 km).

Transportation

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  • Spring Scream: A well-known international rock-band festival held inside this park since 1995.
  • Most parts of the 2008 film Cape No. 7 were filmed inside this park, and nearby Hengchun.
  • Part of the 2012 film Life of Pi was filmed inside the park, which is not far from its director Ang Lee's birthplace.[31][32]
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See also

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References

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  1. ^ Collins, N. Mark (1991). The Conservation Atlas of Tropical Forests: Asia and the Pacifics. Springer. p. 123. ISBN 9781349120307.
  2. ^ "www.springscream.com". www.springscream.com.
  3. ^ Matthew Strong (2017-04-08). "Kenting is Taiwan's most popular national park". Taiwan News. Retrieved 2017-04-08.
  4. ^ "Climate". Central Weather Bureau.
  5. ^ "3.3 Wildlife-Ecology-Kenting National Park". Archived from the original on June 25, 2016.
  6. ^ "Entrance fee to Eluanbi Park to be increased in 2016 - Focus Taiwan". focustaiwan.tw.
  7. ^ Kenting, 悠ゆう遊ゆう墾丁. "悠ゆう遊ゆう墾丁旅たび遊ゆう網もう Kenting Vacation , Travel Guide ". 悠ゆう遊ゆう墾丁 Kenting.
  8. ^ Kenting, 悠ゆう遊ゆう墾丁. "墾丁民宿みんしゅく - 包つつみ棟とう、Villa泳およげ池ち、面めん海うみ、寵ちょう物ぶつ友好ゆうこう、可か烤肉民宿みんしゅく一覽いちらん". 悠ゆう遊ゆう墾丁 Kenting.
  9. ^ "椰子やし蟹かに的てきParty". 我わが們的島とう. February 25, 2013.
  10. ^ 墾丁國家こっか公園こうえん陸りく域いき野生やせい哺乳類ほにゅうるい動物どうぶつ調ちょう查研究けんきゅう（第だい三さん年ねん）
  11. ^ 墾丁社しゃ頂いただき生態せいたい遊ゆう 梅花ばいか鹿見ししみ客きゃく | 台灣たいわん環境かんきょう資し訊協會きょうかい-環境かんきょう資し訊中心ちゅうしん. E-info.org.tw (2010-06-30). Retrieved on 2020-12-09.
  12. ^ 10年來ねんらい首くび見み！野生やせい穿ほじ山やま甲かぶと於墾丁ちょう現げん蹤跡
  13. ^ "Kenting National Park HQ releases a green turtle into the wild". Archived from the original on June 25, 2016.
  14. ^ "戲おどけ水すい要よう當とう心しん！兇猛きょうもう公こう牛うし鯊はぜ 出沒しゅつぼつ恆つね春はる海域かいいき - 焦點しょうてん - 自由時報じゆうじほう電子でんし報ほう". 自由じゆう電子でんし報ほう. July 9, 2010.
  15. ^ a b "｜ 蘋果新聞しんぶん網もう ｜ 蘋果日報にっぽう". 蘋果新聞しんぶん網もう.
  16. ^ "2度ど擱淺 粗そ魯野放ひ 海うみ生せい館かん「害がい死し鯨くじら鯊はぜ」". 蘋果新聞しんぶん網もう.
  17. ^ "墾丁國家こっか公園こうえん海域かいいき哺乳類ほにゅうるい動物どうぶつ相しょう調ちょう查" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-04-05. Retrieved 2016-03-23.
  18. ^ "墾丁國家こっか公園こうえん鄰近海域かいいき鯨くじら豚ぶた類るい生物せいぶつ調ちょう查研究けんきゅう" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-04-05. Retrieved 2016-03-23.
  19. ^ "海域かいいき哺乳類ほにゅうるい動物どうぶつ相しょう調ちょう查 - 墾丁國家こっか公園こうえん". Archived from the original on 2020-06-24. Retrieved 2016-03-23.
  20. ^ 2017, 墾丁後ご壁かべ湖みずうみ 海豚いるか跳躍ちょうやく引尖叫さけべ聲ごえ
  21. ^ "墾丁國家こっか公園こうえん－生物せいぶつ資料しりょう庫こ查詢". bio.ktnp.gov.tw.
  22. ^ Acebes V.M.J., 2009, A history of Whaling in Philippines, Historical Perspectives of Fisheries Exploitation in the Indo-Pacific, Asia Research Centre, Murdoch University
  23. ^ "【鯨くじら彩あや一生かずお】鯨くじら生せい鯨くじら逝：台灣たいわん的てき捕鯨ほげい歷史れきし". 台灣たいわん環境かんきょう資し訊協會きょうかい-環境かんきょう資し訊中心ちゅうしん.
  24. ^ "海中かいちゅう鯨くじら靈れい". whaleanddolphin.lym.gov.tw.
  25. ^ "鯨くじら魚ぎょ噴水ふんすい奇き景けい 墾丁民みん眾驚嘆きょうたん". 華はな視し新聞しんぶん網もう.
  26. ^ "恆つね春はる鯨くじら魚ぎょ噴水ふんすい！ 萬里ばんり桐きり居きょ民みん驚喜きょうき - 地方ちほう - 自由時報じゆうじほう電子でんし報ほう". 自由じゆう電子でんし報ほう. January 9, 2015.
  27. ^ 2017, 稀まれ客きゃく大だい翅鯨現身うつせみ墾丁外海がいかい　遺憾いかん是ぜ鯨くじら屍かばね
  28. ^ Dugong - Status Report and Action Plans for Countries and Territories
  29. ^ Wang, Flor; Chih-hsuan, Kuo. "Record-high gray-faced buzzards seen in Kenting in annual migration". focustaiwan.tw. Focus Taiwan. Retrieved 21 October 2021.
  30. ^ Chanson, H. (2007). Coastal Observations: Erluanbi, Southern Taiwan. Shore & Beach, Vol. 75, No. 2, pp. 36-39 (ISSN 0037-4237).
  31. ^ "李り安やす30億おく打だ造づくり《奇き幻まぼろし漂流ひょうりゅう》 掐預算さん導しるべ演えんじ兼けん伙夫". appledaily.com.tw. November 20, 2012. Archived from the original on November 29, 2012. Retrieved December 26, 2012.
  32. ^ "Ang Lee begins shooting in Pondy, Life of Pi' comes alive". The Times of India. January 19, 2012. Archived from the original on May 31, 2013. Retrieved November 20, 2012.
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