Lianyungang

Lianyungang (simplified Chinese: 连云港みなと; traditional Chinese: 連れん雲くも港みなと; pinyin: Liányúngǎng) is a prefecture-level city in northeastern Jiangsu province, China. It borders Yancheng to its southeast, Huai'an and Suqian to its south, Xuzhou to its southwest, and the province of Shandong to its north. Its name derives from Lian Island, the largest island in Jiangsu which lies off its coastline, and Yuntai Mountain, the highest peak in Jiangsu, a few miles from the city center, and the fact that it is a port. The name can be literally translated as the Port Connecting the Clouds.

Lianyungang 连云港みなと市し Lienyunkang
Prefecture-level city
skylines of Lianyungang
Lianyungang is highlighted on this map of Jiangsu
Lianyungang Location of the city center in Jiangsu Lianyungang Lianyungang (Eastern China) Lianyungang Lianyungang (China)
Coordinates (Lianyungang municipal government): 34°35′48″N 119°13′17″E
Country	People's Republic of China
Province	Jiangsu
Municipal seat	Haizhou District
Government
• Type	Prefecture-level city
• CPC secretary	Yang Xingshi (杨省世よ)
• Mayor	Xiang Xuelong (项雪龙)
Area
• Prefecture-level city	7,154 km2 (2,762 sq mi)
• Land	7,444 km2 (2,874 sq mi)
• Urban	2,252 km2 (870 sq mi)
• Metro	738 km2 (285 sq mi)
Population  (2020 census)
• Prefecture-level city	4,599,360
• Density	640/km2 (1,700/sq mi)
• Urban	2,214,611
• Urban density	980/km2 (2,500/sq mi)
• Metro	1,210,767
• Metro density	1,600/km2 (4,200/sq mi)
GDP
• Prefecture-level city	CN¥ 277 billion US$ 42 billion
• Per capita	CN¥ 61,332 US$ 9,286
Time zone	UTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code	222000 (Urban center) 222100-222300, 222500 (Other areas)
Area code	518
ISO 3166 code	CN-JS-07
Major Nationalities	Han
County-level divisions	7
License Plate	苏G
City Tree	Ginkgo
City Flower	Magnolia
Website	www.lyg.gov.cn

Lianyungang
Simplified Chinese	连云港みなと
Traditional Chinese	連れん雲くも港みなと
Hanyu Pinyin	Liányúngǎng
Literal meaning	Port connected to the clouds
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Liányúngǎng Wade–Giles Lien2 Yun2 Kang3 Wu Romanization lie平ひらたyiuin平ひらたkaon上うえ Yue: Cantonese Jyutping lin4wan4gong2 Southern Min Hokkien POJ Liânhûnkáng

Other names
Chinese	海うみ州しゅう
Literal meaning	City of the Sea
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Hǎizhoū Wade–Giles Hai3 Chou1

Lianyungang was home to 4.65 million inhabitants as of the 2020 census whom 1,210,767 lived in the built-up (or metro) area made of Haizhou and Lianyun counties. Lianyungang was known in the West as Haichow (Postal romanization), which means the City of Sea. Haichow was opened to foreign trade by the Qing imperial government in 1905.

Geography

Lianyungang is between 118°24' and 119°48' east longitude and 34°11' and 35°07' north latitude. Lianyungang covers an area of 7,777 km² (3,003 sq mi).

Administration

See also: List of administrative divisions of Jiangsu

The prefecture-level city of Lianyungang administers six county-level divisions, including three districts and three counties.

Map
Lianyun Haizhou Ganyu Donghai County Guanyun County Guannan County Disputed islands with Rizhao in Shandong.
Subdivision	Simplified Chinese	Hanyu Pinyin	Population (2020)	Area (km2)	Density (/km2)
City Proper
Lianyun District	连云区く	Liányún Qū	292,762	805.9	363.3
Haizhou District	海うみ州しゅう区く	Hǎizhōu Qū	918,005	690.6	1,329
Suburban
Ganyu District	赣榆区く	Gànyú Qū	1,003,844	1,454	690.4
Donghai County	东海县	Dōnghǎi Xiàn	1,047,357	2,031	515.7
Rural
Guanyun County	灌云县	Guànyún Xiàn	725,047	1,551	467.5
Guannan County	灌南县	Guànnán Xiàn	612,345	1,028	595.7
Total			4.65 million	7,560	608.4
Dissolved district: Xinpu District

Economy

Population density and low elevation coastal zones in the Shanghai area. Lianyungang is particularly vulnerable to sea level rise.

Lianyungang is one of the first 14 Chinese coastal cities opening to the outside world and a rising center of industry, foreign trade, and tourism in east China. It is the eastern terminus of the New Eurasian Land Bridge and the proposed Northern East West Freight Corridor. The New Eurasia Continental Landbridge continue by land, connecting Lianyungang with over 40 countries and regions in Europe, South Asia and the Middle East by railway networks.

The Lianyun-Port, in the center of the coast, links eastern sea routes with western land routes. Japan and South Korea in the east can be reached economically and conveniently from Lianyungang. Near the port, the Tianwan Nuclear Power Plant is one of the biggest nuclear power plants in China, with two operational units and six more planned. Lianyungang is also rich in mineral resources. Donghai County has 70% of the national reserve of natural crystal, and is manufacturing 80% of China’s crystal products.

The Chinese government has stated its intention to build an economic belt along the New Eurasia Continental Landbridge in "the Ninth Five-Year Plan of the National Economy and Social Development and the Long-range Goal for the Year 2010." On "China's 21st Century Agenda", Lianyungang is to be developed into an international seaport linking countries on the Pacific rim with those in Central Asia. In the "National Ocean Development Plan" it is listed as one of three special development zones.

Lianyungang Economic & Technological Development Zone was approved by the State Council as one of the first batch of state-level development zones in December 1984. It is in the eastern new seashore urban area of Liangyungang City. The distance to the nearest airport, Liangyungang Airport is 10–20 km (6.2–12.4 mi) and the distance to the nearest highway G310 is 10–20 km (6.2–12.4 mi). Lianyungang port is 20–50 km (12–31 mi).

On July 18, 2019, began a construction on a large petrochemical storage dock in the Xuwei area of the port of Lianyungang.

Climate

The temperature in Lianyungang can reach average highs of 30 °C in the summer and drop to as low as −4 °C in the winter. Lianyungang’s climate is classified by Köppen and Geiger as Cwa (humid subtropical climate with dry winters).

The vast majority of precipitation occurs between June and August, where it can measure up to 278mm of rainfall on average. Winter precipitation is quite low, making snowfall rare and short-lived. Extremes since 1961 have ranged from a record high of 40.2 °C (104 °F) on July 15 2002 to a record low of −18.1 °C (−1 °F) on 5 February 1969.

Climate data for Lianyungang (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1961–present)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Record high °C (°F)	17.5 (63.5)	24.8 (76.6)	28.0 (82.4)	33.1 (91.6)	37.1 (98.8)	37.9 (100.2)	40.2 (104.4)	37.8 (100.0)	35.8 (96.4)	32.4 (90.3)	27.7 (81.9)	21.4 (70.5)	40.2 (104.4)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	5.6 (42.1)	8.4 (47.1)	13.8 (56.8)	20.2 (68.4)	25.5 (77.9)	29.2 (84.6)	31.0 (87.8)	30.3 (86.5)	26.9 (80.4)	21.8 (71.2)	14.7 (58.5)	7.9 (46.2)	19.6 (67.3)
Daily mean °C (°F)	1.0 (33.8)	3.4 (38.1)	8.3 (46.9)	14.5 (58.1)	20.0 (68.0)	24.1 (75.4)	27.1 (80.8)	26.6 (79.9)	22.6 (72.7)	16.7 (62.1)	9.8 (49.6)	3.2 (37.8)	14.8 (58.6)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	−2.6 (27.3)	−0.6 (30.9)	3.7 (38.7)	9.6 (49.3)	15.3 (59.5)	20.0 (68.0)	24.0 (75.2)	23.7 (74.7)	19.0 (66.2)	12.6 (54.7)	5.8 (42.4)	−0.5 (31.1)	10.8 (51.5)
Record low °C (°F)	−12.3 (9.9)	−18.1 (−0.6)	−9.1 (15.6)	−1.4 (29.5)	5.5 (41.9)	12.6 (54.7)	18.0 (64.4)	15.6 (60.1)	9.7 (49.5)	−0.1 (31.8)	−7.1 (19.2)	−12.1 (10.2)	−18.1 (−0.6)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	17.5 (0.69)	22.3 (0.88)	33.0 (1.30)	42.5 (1.67)	63.9 (2.52)	106.6 (4.20)	252.5 (9.94)	198.5 (7.81)	79.7 (3.14)	33.4 (1.31)	36.0 (1.42)	18.7 (0.74)	904.6 (35.62)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm)	4.6	5.5	6.0	6.4	8.1	7.3	13.6	12.1	7.6	5.6	5.7	4.4	86.9
Average snowy days	2.7	3.0	1.2	0.1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.5	1.3	8.8
Average relative humidity (%)	66	66	64	65	69	74	82	83	76	70	69	66	71
Mean monthly sunshine hours	156.8	156.8	200.2	220.7	232.1	193.8	182.7	192.2	190.7	189.2	159.4	160.0	2,234.6
Percent possible sunshine	50	50	54	56	54	45	42	47	52	55	52	52	51
Source: China Meteorological Administration

Tourism

Lian Island Resort

The sea beach of Lian Island Resort

One of the most popular tourist attractions in Lianyungang and the only AAAA-Class beachfront in Jiangsu Province, Lian Island (Chinese: 连岛; pinyin: lián dǎo) is a beautiful island connected to Lianyun District by a 6.7 km (4.2 mi) sea dyke, the longest in China. There are two main beach and swimming areas, several places to eat, as well as hotels. Lian Island is home to an annual music extravaganza featuring some of China's most famous pop stars.

Huaguo Mountain

Main article: Mount Huaguo (Jiangsu)

Lianyungang is famous for its "Huaguo Shan, Shuilian Dong" (花はな果はて山水さんすい簾すだれ洞ほら) attraction. Shuiliandong literally means the "Water Curtain Hole," since, according to legend, the hole was hidden behind a waterfall, therefore resembling a "curtain of water."

The hole is famous because according to legend it is the home of Sun Wukong, commonly known as the Monkey King from the epic novel Journey to the West. In this hole, underneath the mountain is where he and his monkey subjects lived. After learning Tao, the Monkey King travelled back to the hole so that he and his subjects could eat and play for eternity. Eventually, the Jade Emperor sent heavenly armies to battle him at this spot because of his misdeeds. While the Monkey King story is a work of fiction, Xuanzang, the monk whom he accompanies on the journey of the novel, was based on a historical person.

Transport

Lianyungang BRT

Lianyungang has convenient transport including highway, railways, port and airport. It is one of the 42 major transportation hub cities in China.

Airport

Lianyungang Huaguoshan Airport, 20 km (12 mi) south of downtown Lianyungang, provides scheduled passenger service to dozens of airports in China. Lianyungang Baitabu Airport (IATA: LYG, ICAO: ZSLG) was a dual-use military and public airport serving the city of Lianyungang. All flights were transferred to Lianyungang Huaguoshan Airport on 2 December 2021.

Railway

Lianyungangdong railway station is the start of the New Eurasian Land Bridge

Lianyungang railway station in Haizhou

Lianyungang is the eastern end of the Longhai Railway (formerly the Lunghai Railway), connecting it with Lanzhou in central China. As a major arterial east–west railway in China, it runs from Lianyungang to Lanzhou, Gansu through the provinces of Jiangsu, Anhui, Henan, Shaanxi, and Gansu, covering a total length of 1,759 km.

Lianyungang-Xuzhou High speed Railway, connecting Lianyungang and the important provincial transportation hub of Xuzhou, is under construction. The length of this railway is 180 km (110 mi) and the speed standard is 350 km/h (220 mph).

Qingdao-Yancheng High speed Railway, part of China's Coastal High-speed Railway, goes through Lianyungang. The length of this railway is 429 km and the speed standard is 200 km/h.

Lianyungang-Nanjing/Zhenjiang High speed Railway connects Lianyungang and the provincial capital, Nanjing. The length of this railway is 300 km (190 mi) and the speed standard is 250 km/h (160 mph).

Expressway

Lianyungang is the intersection of G15 Shenyang–Haikou Expressway, G25 Changchun–Shenzhen Expressway and G30 Lianyungang–Khorgas Expressway.

Port

Lianyungang port is among the 10 largest ports in China and the 30 largest port in the world. The cargo throughput of Lianyungang port is 210 million ton/year (2015). The container throughput is 5 million TEU/year (2015). The port is part of the Maritime Silk Road that runs from the Chinese coast to the south via Singapore towards the southern tip of India, to Mombasa, then through the Suez Canal to the Mediterranean with its connections to Central and Eastern Europe.

Notable people

• Chen Qinggang (born 1966), journalist and newspaper bureau chief
• Zhong Huijuan (born 1961), pharmaceutical entrepreneur
• He Bingjiao (born 1997), Chinese badminton player

Sister Cities

• Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
• Greater Geelong, Australia
• Mokpo, South Korea
• Napier, New Zealand
• Sabadell, Spain
• Saga, Japan
• Sakai, Japan
• Volzhsky, Russia

See also

Drum Tower of Haizhou, the old town of Lianyungang

• List of twin towns and sister cities in China

External links

• Government website of Lianyungang (in Chinese, English, Japanese, and Korean)
• Lianyungang comprehensive guide with open directory (Jiangsu.net)
• Tang Seng