Ma Rong

Ma Rong
Ma Rong
Traditional Chinese	馬うま融とおる
Simplified Chinese	马融
Hanyu Pinyin
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	Mǎ Róng
Wade–Giles	Ma3 Jung2
IPA	[mà ɻʊ̌ŋ]
Yue: Cantonese
Yale Romanization	Máah Yùhng
Southern Min
Tâi-lô	Má Iông

Ma Rong (Chinese: 馬うま融とおる; 79–166^[1]), courtesy name Jichang (季き長ちょう), was a Chinese essayist, poet, and politician of the Eastern Han dynasty. He was born in Youfufeng (右みぎ扶風) in the former Han capital region, in modern Xianyang, Shaanxi Province. His father Ma Yan (馬うま嚴いわお) was a son of Ma Yu (馬うま余あまり), an elder brother of the famed general Ma Yuan.^[2] He was known for his commentaries on the Five Classics. He was the first scholar known to have written commentaries on them, and he also developed the double column commentary for his project.^{[citation needed]} His notable students were Lu Zhi and Zheng Xuan.^[3]

He was suspended for ten years due to critical comments. Eventually he was restored to the Governor of Nan Commandery (modern Hubei). His biography appears in the Book of Later Han (volume 60, part 1). He wrote the Rhapsody on Long Flute (長ちょう笛ふえ賦ふ); the Song dynasty Classic of Loyalty (忠ちゅう經けい), patterned after the Classic of Filial Piety, bears attribution to his name.^[4]

His daughter Ma Lun (122 - 184^[5]) later married Yuan Wei, an uncle of Yuan Shao and Yuan Shu.^[6] Ma Lun also had a younger sister, Ma Zhi.^[7]

References

^ According to Ma Rong's biography in Book of the Later Han, he died aged 88 (by East Asian age reckoning) in the 9th year of the Yanxi era of Emperor Huan's reign. (年とし八はち十じゅう八はち，延のべ熹九きゅう年ねん卒そつ于家。) Houhanshu, vol.60 part 1
^ (...将しょう作さく大だい匠たくみ严之子こ。....严，援兄余あまり之子ゆきこ。 Houhanshu, vol.60 part 1)
^ (融とおる才ざい高だか博はく洽ひろし，为世通どおり儒，教きょう养诸生せい，常つね有ゆう千せん数すう。涿郡卢植，北海ほっかい郑玄，皆みな其徒也。) Houhanshu, vol.60 part 1
^ Liu Kwang-ching (1990). "Socioethics as Orthodoxy". In Liu Kwang-ching (ed.). Orthodoxy In Late Imperial China. Berkeley: University of California Press. p. 69. ISBN 9780520065420.
^ (维光和わ七なな年ねん，司つかさ徒と袁公夫人ふじん马氏薨，其十じゅう一いち月がつ葬そう。....春秋しゅんじゅう六ろく十じゅう有三ゆうぞう，....) Cai Zhonglang Ji, vol.06. Lady Ma was buried in the 11th month of that year, which corresponds to 21 Dec 184 to 18 Jan 185 in the Julian calendar. Her biography in Book of the Later Han only recorded that she died "in her 60s". (年とし六ろく十じゅう馀卒。) Houhanshu, vol.84.
^ "Lun" was Lady Ma's courtesy name (汝なんじ南みなみ袁隗妻つま者しゃ，扶风马融之の女じょ也。字じ伦。) Houhanshu, vol.84.
^ (伦妹芝しば...) Houhanshu, vol.84.

(in Chinese) 王おう煦华, 马融. Encyclopedia of China (Chinese History Edition), 1st ed.
(in Chinese) 费振刚, 马融. Encyclopedia of China (Chinese Literature Edition), 1st ed.