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Ngô Xương Văn (chữ Hán:
Ngô Xương Văn | |||||||||
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King of Jinghai | |||||||||
Grand Prince of Tĩnh Hải quân | |||||||||
Reign | 950–965 | ||||||||
Predecessor | Dương Tam Kha | ||||||||
Successor | Ngô Xương Xí (warlord) | ||||||||
Co-king | Ngô Xương Ngập (Thiên Sách Vương, 950–954) | ||||||||
Born | 935 | ||||||||
Died | 965 | ||||||||
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Dynasty | Ngô | ||||||||
Father | Ngô Quyền | ||||||||
Mother | Dương Quốc mẫu |
Background
editNgô Xương Văn was born in 935. According to Chinese source Historical Records of the Five Dynasties, his name was Ngô Xương Tấn (
In 950, Văn was sent to put down the rebellion of Đường, Nguyễn together with Dương Cát Lợi and Đỗ Cảnh Thạc.[3] When their troops reached Từ Liêm, Văn turned his army back, and dethroned Dương Tam Kha. Văn did not kill Dương Tam Kha and granted him the title Duke of Chương Dương (
Reign
editVăn crowned himself Nam Tấn Vương (King of Nam Tấn), and summoned his elder brother Ngập to the capital. Ngập was appointed the co-ruler, and crowned Thiên Sách Vương (King of Thiên Sách). It was called một nước hai vua ("one country, two kings") in Vietnamese history. Both of them was known as Hậu Ngô Vương (
In 951, Duke Đinh Bộ Lĩnh rebelled and occupied Hoa Lư and did not pay tribute to the royal court. Văn and Ngập decided to attack him. They arrested Đinh Bộ Lĩnh's eldest son, Đinh Liễn, and ordered Bộ Lĩnh to surrender. Undeterred when they captured his son Đinh Liễn, Bộ Lĩnh replied in anger, “An honored warrior never gives up just because of his son,” and coolly ordered his archers “to shoot arrows at Liễn". The two kings were horrified and withdrew their troops.[4][5]
After Ngập's death, Văn was granted the title Jiedushi of Tĩnh Hải quân (
After his death, the kingdom fell into chaotic civil war (Anarchy of the 12 Warlords).
References
edit- ^ Xiu 1995, p. 816.
- ^ a b c Việt Nam sử lược, Quyển 1, Phần 3, Chương 1
- ^ a b Kiernan 2019, p. 139.
- ^ a b c d e Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư, Peripheral Records vol. 5
- ^ Kiernan 2019, p. 140.
- ^ Xiu 1995, p. 818.
Sources
edit- Xiu, Ouyang (1995). Historical Records of the Five Dynasties. Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company. ISBN 978-7-101-00322-2.
- Kiernan, Ben (2019). Việt Nam: a history from earliest time to the present. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780190053796.
- Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư
- Việt Nam sử lược
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Notes:
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