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Royal Air Force Hinaidi or more commonly known as RAF Hinaidi (or Hinaidi Cantonment), is a former Royal Air Force station near Baghdad in the Kingdom of Iraq. It was operational from 1922 until 1937, when operations were transferred to RAF Habbaniya.
RAF Hinaidi | |
|---|---|
| Baghdad in Iraq | |
 RAF Hinaidi in 1924 | |
  RAF Hinaidi Shown within Iraq | |
| Coordinates | 33°17′14.59″N 44°28′31.85″E / 33.2873861°N 44.4755139°E |
| Site information | |
| Owner | Air Ministry |
| Operator | Royal Air Force Royal Iraqi Air Force |
| Site history | |
| Built | 1922 |
| In use | 1922 - 1937 |
History
editHinaidi Cantonment was developed after the First World War as an Army barracks and as the main British airfield, taking over from Baghdad West airfield. The Cantonment passed from British Army Command to the Royal Air Force in 1922 when the Royal Air Force took over garrison duties in Iraq as a result of the Cairo Conference.[1] There were extensive barracks, recreational facilities, a large hospital, Air Headquarters (AHQ), communication facilities, maintenance units, aeroplane squadron hangars, RAF Armoured Car Company lines, RAF Iraq Levies lines and a civil cantonment. 299 British personnel still lie buried in the RAF Cemetery at Hinaidi (the Peace Cemetery, derelict as at 2019 but subsequently being restored). The register of those buried is held by the RAF Habbaniya Association.
In Clause 1 of the "Annexure to Treaty of Alliance" section of the Anglo-Iraqi Treaty of 1930, maintaining a force at Hinaidi was indicated to be permitted for a period of "five years after the entry into force of this Treaty." This time was provided "in order to enable His Majesty the King of 'Iraq to organise the necessary forces to replace them."
RAF Dhibban (renamed RAF Habbaniya in 1938) was built to replace Hinaidi and the RAF began to move there in 1936. The final evacuation of British Forces from Hinaidi took place on 21 December 1937 and the handover of the entire cantonment to the Iraqi Government was completed on 17 January 1938. The Royal Iraqi Air Force had a presence on the airfield from at least 1933 and upon complete handover it became a major Royal Iraqi Air Force base.[2]
During the 1941 Iraqi coup d'état, the airfield was renamed "Rashid Airfield" by the Iraqis in honour of Rashid Ali, former Iraqi Prime Minister and the leader of the coup.[3] During the Anglo-Iraqi War in May 1941, the airfield was bombed and strafed by the British Royal Air Force, damaging and destroying Iraqi aircraft.[4]
Flying Units and Aircraft
edit
- No. 1 Squadron RAF (1921–26) Sopwith Snipe Nighthawk[5]
- No. 6 Squadron RAF (1922-24 & 1926-29) Bristol F2b Fighter[6]
- No. 8 Squadron RAF (1921-27) de Havilland Airco DH.9A[7]
- No. 30 Squadron RAF (1922-29) de Havilland Airco DH.9A Westland Wapiti[8]
- No. 45 Squadron RAF (1922-27) Vickers Vernon[9]
- No. 55 Squadron RAF (1924–37) de Havilland Airco DH.9A Westland Wapiti Vickers Vincent[10]
- No. 70 Squadron RAF (1922-37) Vickers Vernon Vickers Victoria Vickers Valentia[11]
The squadrons were also detached to other airfields during their time at Hinaidi.
- Units
Units
edit- RAF Armoured Car Companies, various Companies, Sections and Wing Headquarters (1922-1936).[17]
See also
editReferences
editCitations
edit- ^ AIR8/37, 1921, The National Archives, Kew, UK
- ^ The National Archives UK AIR 28/330, FO 624/10/137 (& appendices) et al.
- ^ Lyman, p. 27
- ^ Dudgeon, p. 89
- ^ Jefford 1988, p. 23.
- ^ Jefford 1988, p. 25.
- ^ Jefford 1988, p. 26.
- ^ Jefford 1988, p. 35.
- ^ Jefford 1988, p. 39.
- ^ Jefford 1988, p. 42.
- ^ Jefford 1988, p. 46.
- ^ Sturtivant & Hamlin 2007, p. 41.
- ^ Sturtivant & Hamlin 2007, p. 42.
- ^ a b c d Sturtivant & Hamlin 2007, p. 169.
- ^ Sturtivant & Hamlin 2007, p. 45.
- ^ Sturtivant & Hamlin 2007, p. 262.
- ^ *Warwick, Nigel W. M. (2014). IN EVERY PLACE: The RAF Armoured Cars in the Middle East 1921-1953. Rushden, Northamptonshire, England: Forces & Corporate Publishing Ltd. p. 4. ISBN 978-0-9574725-2-5.
Bibliography
edit- Lyman, Robert (2006). Iraq 1941: The Battles for Basra, Habbaniya, Fallujah and Baghdad. Campaign. Oxford, New York: Osprey Publishing. p. 96. ISBN 1-84176-991-6.
- Warwick, Nigel W. M. (2014). IN EVERY PLACE: The RAF Armoured Cars in the Middle East 1921-1953. Rushden, Northamptonshire, England: Forces & Corporate Publishing Ltd. p. 4. ISBN 978-0-9574725-2-5.
- Air Vice Marshall A. G. Dudgeon CBE, DFC: "Hidden Victory - The Battle of Habbaniya, May 1941 (Tempus Publishing, UK, 2000, ISBN 0 7524 2001 1).
- Jefford, C. G. (1988). RAF Squadrons. A comprehensive record of the movement and equipment of all RAF squadrons and their antecedents since 1912. Shrewsbury, UK: Airlife Publishing. ISBN 1-85310-053-6.
- Sturtivant, Ray; Hamlin, John (2007). Royal Air Force flying training and support units since 1912. Tonbridge, UK: Air-Britain (Historians). ISBN 978-0851-3036-59.