Yichun (Chinese:
Yichun
I-ch'un | |
---|---|
![]() Overview of Yimei, Yichun | |
Nickname: Forest capital ( | |
![]() Location of Yichun City (yellow) in Heilongjiang (light grey) and China | |
Coordinates (Yichun municipal government): 47°43′41″N 128°50′28″E / 47.728°N 128.841°E | |
Country | People's Republic of China |
Province | Heilongjiang |
County-level divisions | 17 |
Municipal seat | Yimei District |
Government | |
• Type | Prefecture-level city |
• CPC Yichun Secretary | Wang Aiwen ( |
• Mayor | Gao Huan ( |
Area | |
• Prefecture-level city | 39,017 km2 (15,065 sq mi) |
Population (2010)[1] | |
• Prefecture-level city | 1,148,126 |
• Urban | 598,000 |
• Metro | 729,202 |
GDP | |
• Prefecture-level city | CN¥ 24.8 billion US$ 4.0 billion |
• Per capita | CN¥ 20,335 US$ 3,265 |
Time zone | UTC+8 (China standard time) |
ZIP code | 153000 |
Area code | 0458 |
ISO 3166 code | CN-HL-07 |
Licence plates | |
Climate | Dwb |
Website | yc |
Yichun | |||||||||
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![]() "Yichun", as written in Chinese calligraphy | |||||||||
Chinese name | |||||||||
Chinese | |||||||||
Postal | Ichun | ||||||||
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Manchu name | |||||||||
Manchu script | ᡳᡧᡠᠨ | ||||||||
Romanization | Išun | ||||||||
Russian name | |||||||||
Russian | Ичунь |
History
editYichun was named after the Yichun River (
The region's real development began after the establishment of Manchukuo after Japanese force seized Manchuria in 1932. In November 1941, a railway from Suihua to Jiamusi was built before its branch was extended to today's Yichun district from Nancha in July 1942. In 1945, Yichun was established as Yichunjie (Yichun Street) under Tangyuan County's control. As a major center of lumber industry, Yichun has grown at an astonishing rate since 1949. In 1952 Yichun County was established by the PRC Government. On 13 Feb 1958 Yichun was designated a Prefecture-level city. However, in order to set up a pilot of the combination of enterprise management and government, The CPC Central Committee and State Council approved to establish Yichun Special District (
Geography
editYichun is located in the northeast part of Heilongjiang with a border length of 2,495 km (1,550 mi), part of which faces Russia across the Amur River. The Lesser Khingan Mountains cross the city. The total administrative area is 33,000 km2 (13,000 sq mi). The channels and valleys are densely covered with trees and grasslands. There are 702 rivers, all of which are in the Amur and Songhua River drainage basins; the total water pondage is 10.2 billion cubic metres (360 billion cubic feet). The Tangwanghe River is the main river.
Climate
editYichun has a monsoon-influenced, hemiboreal climate (Köppen Dwb), with long, bitterly cold, but very dry winters, and very warm, humid summers. With an annual mean temperature of 1.6 °C (34.9 °F), it is among the coldest Chinese cities, and diurnal temperature variation tends to be large, especially in winter and spring. The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from −21.3 °C (−6.3 °F) in January to 20.9 °C (69.6 °F). During the warmer months, rainfall is somewhat enhanced by the mountainous topography, allowing for a generous annual precipitation total of 627 millimetres (24.7 in). However, the monsoon still means that more than 60% of the annual precipitation falls from June to August alone.
Climate data for Yichun (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1971–2010) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 1.0 (33.8) |
8.0 (46.4) |
18.7 (65.7) |
28.9 (84.0) |
33.0 (91.4) |
38.2 (100.8) |
36.3 (97.3) |
35.4 (95.7) |
30.8 (87.4) |
26.8 (80.2) |
14.1 (57.4) |
5.0 (41.0) |
38.2 (100.8) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −13.3 (8.1) |
−7.0 (19.4) |
1.3 (34.3) |
11.7 (53.1) |
19.8 (67.6) |
24.5 (76.1) |
27.1 (80.8) |
25.2 (77.4) |
19.7 (67.5) |
10.5 (50.9) |
−2.5 (27.5) |
−12.7 (9.1) |
8.7 (47.7) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | −20.9 (−5.6) |
−15.5 (4.1) |
−5.7 (21.7) |
5.0 (41.0) |
12.5 (54.5) |
17.8 (64.0) |
21.1 (70.0) |
19.1 (66.4) |
12.4 (54.3) |
3.8 (38.8) |
−8.6 (16.5) |
−19.0 (−2.2) |
1.8 (35.3) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −27.5 (−17.5) |
−23.4 (−10.1) |
−13.0 (8.6) |
−1.7 (28.9) |
5.1 (41.2) |
11.6 (52.9) |
15.9 (60.6) |
14.2 (57.6) |
6.5 (43.7) |
−2.0 (28.4) |
−14.2 (6.4) |
−24.7 (−12.5) |
−4.4 (24.0) |
Record low °C (°F) | −42.2 (−44.0) |
−41.2 (−42.2) |
−37.9 (−36.2) |
−18.6 (−1.5) |
−8.8 (16.2) |
0.5 (32.9) |
4.5 (40.1) |
0.4 (32.7) |
−6.9 (19.6) |
−22.5 (−8.5) |
−33.1 (−27.6) |
−40.4 (−40.7) |
−42.2 (−44.0) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 6.1 (0.24) |
6.5 (0.26) |
14.4 (0.57) |
26.8 (1.06) |
56.5 (2.22) |
125.7 (4.95) |
161.8 (6.37) |
137.0 (5.39) |
72.1 (2.84) |
32.4 (1.28) |
14.5 (0.57) |
10.7 (0.42) |
664.5 (26.17) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 8.7 | 5.8 | 7.8 | 9.1 | 13.0 | 15.4 | 15.5 | 15.4 | 11.6 | 8.9 | 8.6 | 10.4 | 130.2 |
Average snowy days | 12.4 | 9.2 | 10.6 | 5.4 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 4.5 | 10.9 | 13.9 | 67.2 |
Average relative humidity (%) | 70 | 65 | 59 | 55 | 61 | 75 | 80 | 83 | 77 | 65 | 69 | 72 | 69 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 154.9 | 192.0 | 234.8 | 221.2 | 240.2 | 223.3 | 218.2 | 203.5 | 198.7 | 178.2 | 149.5 | 130.0 | 2,344.5 |
Percent possible sunshine | 56 | 66 | 63 | 54 | 51 | 47 | 46 | 47 | 53 | 54 | 54 | 50 | 53 |
Source 1: China Meteorological Administration[3][4] | |||||||||||||
Source 2: Weather China[5] |
Subdivisions
editOn 13 Jun 2019, the District division adjustment plan of Yichun, which plans to merge all of the original 15 districts to 4 districts and 4 counties was approved by the State Council.[6]
Yichun, Heilongjiang currently comprises 4 districts, 1 county-level city and 5 counties.
Districts: Yimei, Wucui, Youhao and Jinlin
County-level city: Tieli
Counties: Tangwang, Fenglin, Nancha and Dajingshan
Name | Hanzi | Hanyu Pinyin | Population (2010 census) | Area (km2) | Density (/km2) | Former division |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Yimei District | Yīměi Qū | 186,982 | 2,359 | 79.26 | Yichun, Meixi | |
Wucui District | 乌翠 |
Wūcuì Qū | 76,376 | 2,814 | 27.14 | Wumahe, Cuiluan |
Youhao District | Yǒuhǎo Qū | 72,989 | 3,827 | 19.07 | Youhao, Shangganling | |
Jinlin District | Jīnlín Qū | 91,959 | 2,307 | 39.86 | Jinshantun, Xilin | |
Tangwang County | 汤旺县 | Tāngwàng Xiàn | 52,126 | 4,425 | 11.77 | Tangwanghe, Wuyiling |
Fenglin County | 丰林县 | Fēnglín Xiàn | 98,894 | 5,263 | 18.79 | Wuying, Hongxing, Xinqing |
Nancha County | Nánchà Xiàn | 118,593 | 3,088 | 38.40 | downgraded into a county | |
Daqingshan County | Dàqìngshān Xiàn | 77,714 | 1,066.7 | 72.85 | Dailing, and parts of Tieli (Langxiang town) | |
Jiayin County | Jiāyīn Xiàn | 68,579 | 7,273 | 9.42 | no changes | |
Tieli city | 铁力 |
Tiělì Shì | 303,914 | 6,593.3 | 46.09 | ceded Langxiang town to Dajingshan |
# | Name | Hanzi | Hanyu Pinyin | Population (2010 est.) | Area (km2) | Density (/km2) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Yichun District | Yīchūn Qū | 146,074 | 100 | 1,461 | |
2 | Nancha District | Nánchà Qū | 118,060 | 3,088 | 38 | |
3 | Youhao District | Yǒuhǎo Qū | 53,409 | 2,366 | 23 | |
4 | Xilin District | Xīlín Qū | 51,938 | 457 | 114 | |
5 | Cuiluan District | Cuìluán Qū | 44,976 | 1,560 | 29 | |
6 | Xinqing District | Xīnqīng Qū | 43,054 | 1,181 | 36 | |
7 | Meixi District | Měixī Qū | 40,697 | 2,259 | 18 | |
8 | Jinshantun District | Jīnshāntún Qū | 39,917 | 1,850 | 22 | |
9 | Wuying District | Wǔyíng Qū | 33,980 | 1,040 | 33 | |
10 | Wumahe District | 乌马 |
Wūmǎhé Qū | 31,391 | 1,254 | 25 |
11 | Tangwanghe District | 汤旺 |
Tāngwànghé Qū | 30,980 | 1,263 | 25 |
12 | Dailing District | 带岭 |
Dàilǐng Qū | 32,256 | 1,040 | 31 |
13 | Wuyiling District | 乌伊岭区 | Wūyīlǐng Qū | 21,145 | 3,162 | 7 |
14 | Hongxing District | 红星 |
Hóngxīng Qū | 21,838 | 3,042 | 7 |
15 | Shangganling District | Shànggānlǐng Qū | 19,487 | 1,461 | 13 | |
16 | Tieli City | 铁力 |
Tiělì Shì | 350,358 | 6,620 | 53 |
Economy
editThe city's GDP topped RMB 20.24 billion in 2010, featuring a growth of 15.7% over the previous year.[7] In 2010, value-added industrial output generated by enterprises with designated size or above rose 29.3% to RMB 7.12 billion.[8] In 2010, the foreign trade value of Yichun totaled US$302.23 million, up 36.3% year on year.[8]
Wood processing and metallurgy are the main industries in Yichun. In 2010, value-added industrial output from wood processing increased 34% to RMB 2.01 billion, while that from metallurgy rose 39.2% to RMB 2.2 billion, accounting for 33.6% of the industrial sector's total. These two industries accounted for 91% of Yichun's total value-added industrial output according to the statistics in 2009.[7]
Transportation
editYichun Lindu Airport, located in a forest approximately 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) from downtown Yichun,[9] is the city's airport. It started operations in August 2009, and is capable of serving 142,000 passengers a year.[10] Yichun Railway Station operates daily trains to Harbin, the capital of Heilongjiang Province. The Yichun-Hegang Highway and the Yichun-Harbin Highway(part of Hegang-Harbin Highway) connect the city with other cities in Heilongjiang Province.[8]
References
edit- ^ a b 2010
年 伊 春 市 第 六次全国人口普查主要数据公报 [Sixth National Population Census of the People's Republic of China]. Yichun Municipal Government. Retrieved 6 May 2011. - ^ Yichun Almanac Compilation Committee (1995).
伊 春 市 志 [History of Yichun]. Heilongjiang People's Press. ISBN 9787207029201. - ^
中国 气象数 据 网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 5 July 2023. - ^
中国 气象数 据 网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 5 July 2023. - ^
伊 春 - 气象数 据 -中国 天 气网 (in Chinese). Weather China. Retrieved 28 November 2022. - ^
黑 龙江伊 春 市 调整获批:撤销15个市辖区新 设8县区. Sina News (in Chinese (China)). 13 July 2019. Retrieved 2 May 2020. - ^ a b
伊 春 市 2010年 国民 经济和 社会 发展统计公 报. tjcn.org (in Simplified Chinese). 31 March 2011. - ^ a b c "Yichun ( Heilongjiang ) City Information". Hong Kong Trade Development Council. Retrieved 5 September 2011.
- ^ "Heavy fog shrouds airport as crash rescue continues". China Daily. 25 August 2010. Retrieved 25 August 2010.
- ^ "Introduction of Lindu airport in Yichun city". CCTV News. 25 August 2010. Retrieved 25 August 2010.
External links
edit- Yichun City (in Chinese)