Zeze Domain

Zeze Domain
膳所ぜぜ藩はん
Zeze Domain 膳所ぜぜ藩はん
Domain of Japan
1601–1871
Capital	Zeze Castle
Area
• Coordinates	34°59′42.98″N 135°53′43.29″E / 34.9952722°N 135.8953583°E
• Type	Daimyō
Historical era	Edo period
• Established	1601
• Disestablished	1871
Today part of	part of Shiga Prefecture

Zeze Domain (膳所ぜぜ藩はん, Zeze-han) was a fudai feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan. It was located in southern Ōmi Province, in the Kansai region of central Honshu. The domain was centered at Zeze Castle, located on the shore of Lake Biwa in what is now the city of Ōtsu in Shiga Prefecture.

History

Zeze controlled entry into Kyoto from the east, and was thus of great strategic importance to the Tokugawa shogunate. As with many of the fudai domains of the early Edo period, the control of Zeze Domain changed frequently between various clans; however, after the appointment of a cadet branch of the Honda clan in 1651, the domain remained under Honda control until the end of the shogunate. With a kokudaka of 70,00 koku at its height, it was the second largest domain in Ōmi Province after Hikone Domain.

In 1601, shortly after the Battle of Sekigahara, Tokugawa Ieyasu ordered then construction of Zeze Castle, and assigned Toda Kazuaki, formerly 5000 koku hatamoto with holdings in Musashi Province to be daimyō of the new 30,000 koku domain. He built the jōkamachi and developed shijimi clans as a local industry. His son, Toda Ujikane distinguished himself at the Siege of Osaka and was awarded with the larger Amagasaki Domain. Zeze was awarded to Honda Yasutoshi, who had also distinguished himself at the Siege of Osaka. His son, Honda Toshitsugu, was relocated to Nishio Domain in 1621. Zeze then passed briefly to the Suganuma and the Ishikawa clans, before being returned to Honda Yoshitsugu in 1651, but with an increase in kokudaka to 70,000 koku.^[1]

Under the early days of Hondo rule, the domain prospered greatly with flood control works and the opening of new rice lands continuing to revenues ad with welfare measures for the poor. However, by the middle of the Edo period, the domain's finances began to falter, and under the 6th daimyō Honda Yasutada, failed attempts at fiscal reform only made matters worse. There were widespread peasant's uprisings around 1781. Conditions continued to deteriorate until the time of the 10th daimyō Honda Yasusada, with conflict erupting between various factions of the domain's retainers over reform measures. The situation resulted in intervention by the shogunate and the purge of a number of senior retainers. The situation stabilized by 1808, when a han school was opened.

During the Bakumatsu period, Zeze was violently divided between the pro-Sonnō Jōi faction and the pro-shogunate faction. The pro-shogunate faction, at times assisted by the Shinsengumi killed a number of the pro-Sonnō Jōi faction, including some prominent officials. This created a backlash in popular opinion, and with the start of the Boshin War, the domain quickly sided with the imperial cause and sent troops to attack Kuwana Domain. As with other domains, Zeze was abolished in 1871 with the abolition of the han system, becoming Zeze Prefecture, which was merged with Ōtsu prefecture, and subsequently Shiga Prefecture.^[1]

Bakumatsu period holdings

As with most domains in the han system, Ōmizo Domain consisted of a discontinuous territories calculated to provide the assigned kokudaka, based on periodic cadastral surveys and projected agricultural yields.^[2]^[3]

Ōmi Province
- 21 villages in Shiga District
- 76 villages in Kurita District
- 1 village in Kōka District
- 7 villages in Azai District
- 5 villages in Ika District
- 18 villages in Takashima District
Kawachi Province
- 15 villages in Nishgori District

List of daimyō

#	Name	Tenure	Courtesy title	Court Rank	kokudaka
Toda clan, 1601-1617 (fudai)
1	Toda Kazuaki (戸田とだ一いち西にし)	1601–1604	Uneme-no-kami (采女うねめ正せい)	Junior 5th Rank, Lower Grade (従したがえ五ご位い下か)	30,000 koku
2	Toda Ujikane (戸田とだ氏し鉄てつ)	1604–1617	Uneme-no-kami (采女うねめ正せい)	Junior 5th Rank, Lower Grade (従したがえ五ご位い下か)	30,000 koku
Honda clan, 1617-1621 (fudai)
1	Honda Yasutoshi (本多ほんだ康かん俊しゅん)	1617–1621	Hayato no Shō (隼人はやと正せい)	Junior 5th Rank, Lower Grade (従したがえ五ご位い下か)	30,000 koku
2	Honda Yasutsugu (本多ほんだ俊次しゅんじ)	1621–1621	Shimōsa-no-kami (下総しもうさ守まもる)	Junior 5th Rank, Lower Grade (従したがえ五ご位い下か)	30,000 koku
Suganuma clan, 1621-1634 (fudai)
1	Suganuma Sadayoshi (菅沼すがぬま定じょう芳かおる)	1621–1634	Oribe-no-tsukasa (織部おりべ正ただし)	Junior 5th Rank, Lower Grade (従したがえ五ご位い下か)	31,000 koku
Ishikawa clan, 1634-1651 (fudai)
1	Ishikawa Tadafusa (石川いしかわ忠ただし総そう)	1634–1650	Tonomo-no-kami (主しゅ殿しんがり頭あたま)	Junior 4th Rank, Lower Grade (従したがえ四よん位い下か)	53,000 koku
2	Ishikawa Noriyuki (石川いしかわ憲之のりゆき)	1651–1651	Tonomo-no-kami (主しゅ殿しんがり頭あたま)	53,000 koku
Honda clan, 1651-1871 (fudai)
2	Honda Yasutsugu (reinstated) (本多ほんだ俊次しゅんじ)	1651–1664	Shimōsa-no-kami (下総しもうさ守まもる)	Junior 5th Rank, Lower Grade (従したがえ五ご位い下か)	70,000 koku
3	Honda Yasumasa (本多ほんだ康かん将すすむ)	1664–1679	Hyōbu-shōyu (兵部ひょうぶ少しょう輔)	Junior 5th Rank, Lower Grade (従したがえ五ご位い下か)	70,000 koku
4	Honda Yasuyoshi (本多ほんだ康慶こうけい)	1679–1714	Oki-no-kami (隠岐おき守もり)	Junior 5th Rank, Lower Grade (従したがえ五ご位い下か)	70,000 koku
5	Honda Yasunobu (本多ほんだ康やすし命いのち)	1714–1719	Shimōsa-no-kami (下総しもうさ守まもる)	Junior 5th Rank, Lower Grade (従したがえ五ご位い下か)	70,000 koku
6	Honda Yasutoshi (本多ほんだ康かん敏さとし)	1719–1747	Shuzen-no-kami (主膳しゅぜん正ただし)	Junior 5th Rank, Lower Grade (従したがえ五ご位い下か)	70,000 koku
7	Honda Yasutake (本多ほんだ康やすし桓)	1747–1765	Oki-no-kami (隠岐おき守もり)	Junior 5th Rank, Lower Grade (従したがえ五ご位い下か)	70,000 koku
8	Honda Yasumasa (本多ほんだ康政やすまさ)	1765–1765	Shimōsa-no-kami (下総しもうさ守まもる)	Junior 5th Rank, Lower Grade (従したがえ五ご位い下か)	70,000 koku
9	Honda Yasutomo (本多ほんだ康やすし伴とも)	1765–1771	Oki-no-kami (隠岐おき守もり)	Junior 5th Rank, Lower Grade (従したがえ五ご位い下か)	70,000 koku
10	Honda Yasutada (本多ほんだ康かん匡ただし)	1771–1781	Shuzen-no-kami (主膳しゅぜん正ただし)	Junior 5th Rank, Lower Grade (従したがえ五ご位い下か)	70,000 koku
11	Honda Yasusada (本多ほんだ康やすし完かん)	1781–1806	Oki-no-kami (隠岐おき守もり)	Junior 5th Rank, Lower Grade (従したがえ五ご位い下か)	70,000 koku
12	Honda Yasutsugu (本多ほんだ康かん禎ただし)	1806–1847	Hyōbu-daisuke (兵部ひょうぶ大輔だいすけ)	Junior 4th Rank, Lower Grade (従したがえ四よん位い下か)	70,000 koku
13	Honda Yasuaki (本多ほんだ康かん融とおる)	1847–1856	Oki-no-kami (隠岐おき守もり)	Junior 5th Rank, Lower Grade (従したがえ五ご位い下か)	70,000 koku
14	Honda Yasushige (本多ほんだ康かん融とおる)	1856–1871	Shuzen-no-kami (主膳しゅぜん正ただし)	Junior 2nd Rank (従したがえ二に位い)	70,000 koku

References

The content of this article was largely derived from that of the corresponding article on Japanese Wikipedia.
Papinot, E (1910). Historical and Geographic Dictionary of Japan. Tuttle (reprint) 1972.
Nigi, Kenichi (2004). 藩はんと城下町じょうかまちの事典じてん―国くに別べつ. Tokyodo Printing. p. 397. ISBN 978-4490106510.

External links

Media related to Zeze Domain at Wikimedia Commons

Notes

^ ^a ^b Oishi, Gaku (2020). 江戸えど五ご百ひゃく藩はん-ご当地とうち藩はんのすべてがわかる. Chuokoron-Shinsha. ISBN 978-4128001354.(in Japanese)
^ Mass, Jeffrey P. and William B. Hauser. (1987). The Bakufu in Japanese History, p. 150.
^ Elison, George and Bardwell L. Smith (1987). Warlords, Artists, & Commoners: Japan in the Sixteenth Century, p. 18.

[Gaku-1] Oishi, Gaku (2020). 江戸えど五ご百ひゃく藩はん-ご当地とうち藩はんのすべてがわかる. Chuokoron-Shinsha. ISBN 978-4128001354.(in Japanese)

[2] Mass, Jeffrey P. and William B. Hauser. (1987). The Bakufu in Japanese History, p. 150.

[3] Elison, George and Bardwell L. Smith (1987). Warlords, Artists, & Commoners: Japan in the Sixteenth Century, p. 18.

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