Zhao Mo (Chinese:
Triệu Văn Đế Zhao Wen Di | |||||||||
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Zhao Mo's jade burial suit with red silk, on display in Guangzhou | |||||||||
King of Nanyue King of Triệu dynasty | |||||||||
Reign | 137–124 BC | ||||||||
Predecessor | Zhao Wu Di (Triệu Vũ Đế) | ||||||||
Successor | Zhao Ming Wang (Triệu Minh Vương) | ||||||||
Born | 175 BC | ||||||||
Died | 124 BC (aged 51) | ||||||||
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Dynasty | Nanyue | ||||||||
Father | Zhao Zhongshi (Triệu Trọng Thủy) | ||||||||
Mother | Mei Zhu (Mỵ Châu) |
Name
editRecords from this period were written in classical Chinese and are transliterated, typically into either pinyin (romanized Chinese) or into alphabetical Vietnamese. The name
Zhao's name was recorded as Zhao Hu (Chinese: 赵
Life
editUpon Zhao Mo's accession in 137 BC, the neighboring king of Minyue, Zou Ying sent his army to attack Nanyue. Zhao sent for help from the Han dynasty, his nominal vassal overlord. The Han responded by sending troops against Minyue, but before they could get there, Zou Ying was killed by his brother Zou Yushan, who surrendered to the Han. The Han army was recalled.[3]
Zhao considered visiting the Han court in order to show his gratitude. His high ministers argued against it, reminding him that his father kept his distance from the Han and merely avoided a breach of etiquette to keep the peace. Zhao therefore pleaded illness and never went through with the trip. Zhao did actually fall ill several years later and died in 124 BC. He was succeeded by his son, Zhao Yingqi.[3]
Tomb
editThe tomb of Wen was discovered in 1983, 20 metres (66 ft) under Elephant Hill in Guangzhou on a construction site for a hotel, and has been excavated. The tomb measures 11 metres (36 ft) long and 12 metres (39 ft) wide. It is divided in seven parts, with a front chamber, east and west wing rooms, the main coffin chamber, east and west side rooms, and a back storage chamber. The tomb has yielded more than 1000 burial artifacts, and a chariot, gold and silver vessels, musical instruments, and human sacrifices were found (15 courtiers were buried alive with him to serve him in death). It is also the only tomb of the early Western Han period that has murals on its walls.
The tomb also yielded one of the oldest imperial seals discovered in a Chinese tomb: the seal, with the name "Zhao Mo", declared the royal corpse to be "Emperor Wen", the name of a Han ruler.
Alongside Chinese artifacts, pieces from the steppes and Iranian and Hellenistic Central Asian regions have been found. A Persian silver box found in the tomb is the earliest imported product found to date in China. There were also artifacts found which belonged to the Đông Sơn culture of northern Vietnam.
The Museum of the Mausoleum of the Nanyue King, located in Jiefang road in Guangzhou, stands on the site of the tomb of Zhao Mo.
Bibliography
edit- Taylor, Jay (1983), The Birth of the Vietnamese, University of California Press
- Watson, Burton (1993), Records of the Grand Historian by Sima Qian: Han Dynasty II (Revised Edition, Columbia University Press
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Melikian, Souren (8 June 2012). "Exhibition Rewrites the History of Han Civilization in China". New York Times.
- ^ Sima, Qian; Watson, Burton (1993). Records of the Grand Historian: Han Dynasty II. Translation and commentary by Watson. Columbia University Press. p. 210. ISBN 978-0-231-08166-5.
- ^ a b Watson 1993, p. 211.