чертая

Bulgarian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *čьrtati. By surface analysis, черта (čerta, “dash”) +‎ -а́я (-ája).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [t͡ʃɛrˈtajɐ]

Verb

черта́я • (čertája) first-singular present indicative, impf

(transitive, intransitive) to draw, to sketch, to scrabble
черта́я ски́ца (transitive) ― čertája skíca ― to draw a sketch

черта́я си на пя́съка (intransitive) ― čertája si na pjásǎka ― to be scrabbling on the sand
(transitive) to trace, to mark, to outline
(transitive, figurative) to plot plans, to scheme

Conjugation

Conjugation of черта́я (conjugation 1.7, imperfective, transitive)

participles		present active participle	past active aorist participle	past active imperfect participle	past passive participle	verbal noun	adverbial participle
masculine	indefinite	черта́ещ čertáešt	черта́л čertál	черта́ел čertáel	черта́н čertán		черта́ейки čertáejki
	definite subject form	черта́ещият čertáeštijat	черта́лият čertálijat	—	черта́ният čertánijat
	definite object form	черта́ещия čertáeštija	черта́лия čertálija	—	черта́ния čertánija
feminine	indefinite	черта́еща čertáešta	черта́ла čertála	черта́ела čertáela	черта́на čertána
feminine	definite	черта́ещата čertáeštata	черта́лата čertálata	—	черта́ната čertánata
neuter	indefinite	черта́ещо čertáešto	черта́ло čertálo	черта́ело čertáelo	черта́но čertáno	черта́не čertáne
neuter	definite	черта́ещото čertáeštoto	черта́лото čertáloto	—	черта́ното čertánoto	черта́нето čertáneto
plural	indefinite	черта́ещи čertáešti	черта́ли čertáli	черта́ели čertáeli	черта́ни čertáni	черта́ния, черта́нета čertánija, čertáneta
plural	definite	черта́ещите čertáeštite	черта́лите čertálite	—	черта́ните čertánite	черта́нията, черта́нетата čertánijata, čertánetata

person		singular			plural
person		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present		черта́я čertája	черта́еш čertáeš	черта́е čertáe	черта́ем čertáem	черта́ете čertáete	черта́ят čertájat
imperfect		черта́ех čertáeh	черта́еше čertáeše	черта́еше čertáeše	черта́ехме čertáehme	черта́ехте čertáehte	черта́еха čertáeha
aorist		черта́х čertáh	черта́ čertá	черта́ čertá	черта́хме čertáhme	черта́хте čertáhte	черта́ха čertáha
future	pos.	Use ще followed by the present indicative tense
future	neg.	Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense
future in the past	pos.	Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
future in the past	neg.	Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense
present perfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and черта́л m, черта́ла f, черта́ло n, or черта́ли pl
past perfect		Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and черта́л m, черта́ла f, черта́ло n, or черта́ли pl
future perfect		Use the future indicative tense of съм and черта́л m, черта́ла f, черта́ло n, or черта́ли pl
future perfect in the past		Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and черта́л m, черта́ла f, черта́ло n, or черта́ли pl
renarrative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and черта́ел m, черта́ела f, черта́ело n, or черта́ели pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and черта́л m, черта́ла f, черта́ло n, or черта́ли pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
future and future in the past	neg.	Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and черта́л m, черта́ла f, черта́ло n, or черта́ли pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and черта́л m, черта́ла f, черта́ло n, or черта́ли pl
dubitative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and черта́ел m, черта́ела f, черта́ело n, or черта́ели pl
aorist		Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and черта́л m, черта́ла f, черта́ло n, or черта́ли pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
future and future in the past	neg.	Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		none
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and черта́л m, черта́ла f, черта́ло n, or черта́ли pl
conclusive		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and черта́ел m, черта́ела f, черта́ело n, or черта́ели pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм and черта́л m, черта́ла f, черта́ло n, or черта́ли pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
future and future in the past	neg.	Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and черта́л m, черта́ла f, черта́ло n, or черта́ли pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and черта́л m, черта́ла f, черта́ло n, or черта́ли pl
conditional		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
conditional		Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and черта́л m, черта́ла f, черта́ло n, or черта́ли pl
imperative		-	ти	-	-	вие	-
imperative			черта́й čertáj			черта́йте čertájte

Conjugation of черта́я (conjugation 1.7, imperfective, intransitive)

participles		present active participle	past active aorist participle	past active imperfect participle	past passive participle	verbal noun	adverbial participle
masculine	indefinite	черта́ещ čertáešt	черта́л čertál	черта́ел čertáel	—		черта́ейки čertáejki
	definite subject form	черта́ещият čertáeštijat	черта́лият čertálijat	—	—
	definite object form	черта́ещия čertáeštija	черта́лия čertálija	—	—
feminine	indefinite	черта́еща čertáešta	черта́ла čertála	черта́ела čertáela	—
feminine	definite	черта́ещата čertáeštata	черта́лата čertálata	—	—
neuter	indefinite	черта́ещо čertáešto	черта́ло čertálo	черта́ело čertáelo	—	черта́не čertáne
neuter	definite	черта́ещото čertáeštoto	черта́лото čertáloto	—	—	черта́нето čertáneto
plural	indefinite	черта́ещи čertáešti	черта́ли čertáli	черта́ели čertáeli	—	черта́ния, черта́нета čertánija, čertáneta
plural	definite	черта́ещите čertáeštite	черта́лите čertálite	—	—	черта́нията, черта́нетата čertánijata, čertánetata

person		singular			plural
person		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present		черта́я čertája	черта́еш čertáeš	черта́е čertáe	черта́ем čertáem	черта́ете čertáete	черта́ят čertájat
imperfect		черта́ех čertáeh	черта́еше čertáeše	черта́еше čertáeše	черта́ехме čertáehme	черта́ехте čertáehte	черта́еха čertáeha
aorist		черта́х čertáh	черта́ čertá	черта́ čertá	черта́хме čertáhme	черта́хте čertáhte	черта́ха čertáha
future	pos.	Use ще followed by the present indicative tense
future	neg.	Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense
future in the past	pos.	Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
future in the past	neg.	Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense
present perfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and черта́л m, черта́ла f, черта́ло n, or черта́ли pl
past perfect		Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and черта́л m, черта́ла f, черта́ло n, or черта́ли pl
future perfect		Use the future indicative tense of съм and черта́л m, черта́ла f, черта́ло n, or черта́ли pl
future perfect in the past		Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and черта́л m, черта́ла f, черта́ло n, or черта́ли pl
renarrative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and черта́ел m, черта́ела f, черта́ело n, or черта́ели pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and черта́л m, черта́ла f, черта́ло n, or черта́ли pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
future and future in the past	neg.	Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and черта́л m, черта́ла f, черта́ло n, or черта́ли pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and черта́л m, черта́ла f, черта́ло n, or черта́ли pl
dubitative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and черта́ел m, черта́ела f, черта́ело n, or черта́ели pl
aorist		Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and черта́л m, черта́ла f, черта́ло n, or черта́ли pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
future and future in the past	neg.	Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		none
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and черта́л m, черта́ла f, черта́ло n, or черта́ли pl
conclusive		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and черта́ел m, черта́ела f, черта́ело n, or черта́ели pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм and черта́л m, черта́ла f, черта́ло n, or черта́ли pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
future and future in the past	neg.	Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and черта́л m, черта́ла f, черта́ло n, or черта́ли pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and черта́л m, черта́ла f, черта́ло n, or черта́ли pl
conditional		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
conditional		Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and черта́л m, черта́ла f, черта́ло n, or черта́ли pl
imperative		-	ти	-	-	вие	-
imperative			черта́й čertáj			черта́йте čertájte

Derived terms

зачертая pf (začertaja), зачертавам impf (začertavam)
изчертая pf (izčertaja), изчертавам impf (izčertavam)
начертая pf (načertaja), начертавам impf (načertavam)
очертая pf (očertaja), очертавам impf (očertavam)
почертая pf (počertaja), почертавам impf (počertavam)
подчертая pf (podčertaja), подчертавам impf (podčertavam, “to underline, to emphasize”)
разчертая pf (razčertaja), разчертавам impf (razčertavam)
черте́ж (čertéž, “draft, plot”)

References

“чертая”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
“чертая”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010