-ttaa + -ua
- IPA(key): /-tːuɑˣ/, [-t̪ːuɑ̝(ʔ)]
-ttua (front vowel harmony variant -ttyä, stem -ttu-, linguistic notation -ttU- or -ttUA)
- Forms inchoative or passive intransitive verbs from nominal stems.
| Inflection of -ttua (Kotus type 52*C/sanoa, tt-t gradation)
|
| indicative mood
|
| present tense
|
perfect
|
| 1st sing.
|
-tun
|
en -tu
|
1st sing.
|
olen -ttunut
|
en ole -ttunut
|
| 2nd sing.
|
-tut
|
et -tu
|
2nd sing.
|
olet -ttunut
|
et ole -ttunut
|
| 3rd sing.
|
-ttuu
|
ei -tu
|
3rd sing.
|
on -ttunut
|
ei ole -ttunut
|
| 1st plur.
|
-tumme
|
emme -tu
|
1st plur.
|
olemme -ttuneet
|
emme ole -ttuneet
|
| 2nd plur.
|
-tutte
|
ette -tu
|
2nd plur.
|
olette -ttuneet
|
ette ole -ttuneet
|
| 3rd plur.
|
-ttuvat
|
eivät -tu
|
3rd plur.
|
ovat -ttuneet
|
eivät ole -ttuneet
|
| passive
|
-tutaan
|
ei -tuta
|
passive
|
on -tuttu
|
ei ole -tuttu
|
| past tense
|
pluperfect
|
| 1st sing.
|
-tuin
|
en -ttunut
|
1st sing.
|
olin -ttunut
|
en ollut -ttunut
|
| 2nd sing.
|
-tuit
|
et -ttunut
|
2nd sing.
|
olit -ttunut
|
et ollut -ttunut
|
| 3rd sing.
|
-ttui
|
ei -ttunut
|
3rd sing.
|
oli -ttunut
|
ei ollut -ttunut
|
| 1st plur.
|
-tuimme
|
emme -ttuneet
|
1st plur.
|
olimme -ttuneet
|
emme olleet -ttuneet
|
| 2nd plur.
|
-tuitte
|
ette -ttuneet
|
2nd plur.
|
olitte -ttuneet
|
ette olleet -ttuneet
|
| 3rd plur.
|
-ttuivat
|
eivät -ttuneet
|
3rd plur.
|
olivat -ttuneet
|
eivät olleet -ttuneet
|
| passive
|
-tuttiin
|
ei -tuttu
|
passive
|
oli -tuttu
|
ei ollut -tuttu
|
| conditional mood
|
| present
|
perfect
|
| 1st sing.
|
-ttuisin
|
en -ttuisi
|
1st sing.
|
olisin -ttunut
|
en olisi -ttunut
|
| 2nd sing.
|
-ttuisit
|
et -ttuisi
|
2nd sing.
|
olisit -ttunut
|
et olisi -ttunut
|
| 3rd sing.
|
-ttuisi
|
ei -ttuisi
|
3rd sing.
|
olisi -ttunut
|
ei olisi -ttunut
|
| 1st plur.
|
-ttuisimme
|
emme -ttuisi
|
1st plur.
|
olisimme -ttuneet
|
emme olisi -ttuneet
|
| 2nd plur.
|
-ttuisitte
|
ette -ttuisi
|
2nd plur.
|
olisitte -ttuneet
|
ette olisi -ttuneet
|
| 3rd plur.
|
-ttuisivat
|
eivät -ttuisi
|
3rd plur.
|
olisivat -ttuneet
|
eivät olisi -ttuneet
|
| passive
|
-tuttaisiin
|
ei -tuttaisi
|
passive
|
olisi -tuttu
|
ei olisi -tuttu
|
| imperative mood
|
| present
|
perfect
|
| 1st sing.
|
—
|
—
|
1st sing.
|
—
|
—
|
| 2nd sing.
|
-tu
|
älä -tu
|
2nd sing.
|
—
|
—
|
| 3rd sing.
|
-ttukoon
|
älköön -ttuko
|
3rd sing.
|
olkoon -ttunut
|
älköön olko -ttunut
|
| 1st plur.
|
-ttukaamme
|
älkäämme -ttuko
|
1st plur.
|
—
|
—
|
| 2nd plur.
|
-ttukaa
|
älkää -ttuko
|
2nd plur.
|
—
|
—
|
| 3rd plur.
|
-ttukoot
|
älkööt -ttuko
|
3rd plur.
|
olkoot -ttuneet
|
älkööt olko -ttuneet
|
| passive
|
-tuttakoon
|
älköön -tuttako
|
passive
|
olkoon -tuttu
|
älköön olko -tuttu
|
| potential mood
|
| present
|
perfect
|
| 1st sing.
|
-ttunen
|
en -ttune
|
1st sing.
|
lienen -ttunut
|
en liene -ttunut
|
| 2nd sing.
|
-ttunet
|
et -ttune
|
2nd sing.
|
lienet -ttunut
|
et liene -ttunut
|
| 3rd sing.
|
-ttunee
|
ei -ttune
|
3rd sing.
|
lienee -ttunut
|
ei liene -ttunut
|
| 1st plur.
|
-ttunemme
|
emme -ttune
|
1st plur.
|
lienemme -ttuneet
|
emme liene -ttuneet
|
| 2nd plur.
|
-ttunette
|
ette -ttune
|
2nd plur.
|
lienette -ttuneet
|
ette liene -ttuneet
|
| 3rd plur.
|
-ttunevat
|
eivät -ttune
|
3rd plur.
|
lienevät -ttuneet
|
eivät liene -ttuneet
|
| passive
|
-tuttaneen
|
ei -tuttane
|
passive
|
lienee -tuttu
|
ei liene -tuttu
|
| Nominal forms
|
| infinitives
|
participles
|
|
|
active
|
passive
|
|
active
|
passive
|
| 1st
|
-ttua
|
present
|
-ttuva
|
-tuttava
|
| long 1st1
|
| Person
|
sing.
|
plur.
|
| 1st
|
-ttuakseni
|
-ttuaksemme
|
| 2nd
|
-ttuaksesi
|
-ttuaksenne
|
| 3rd
|
-ttuakseen
-ttuaksensa
|
|
past
|
-ttunut
|
-tuttu
|
| 2nd
|
inessive2
|
-ttuessa
|
-tuttaessa
|
agent4
|
-ttuma
|
| Person
|
sing.
|
plur.
|
| 1st
|
-ttuessani
|
-ttuessamme
|
| 2nd
|
-ttuessasi
|
-ttuessanne
|
| 3rd
|
-ttuessaan
-ttuessansa
|
|
negative
|
-ttumaton
|
| instructive
|
-ttuen
|
—
|
1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only).
3) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details).
4) Usually with a possessive suffix. May not be used with all verbs, especially intransitive ones ( more details). Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms.
|
| 3rd
|
inessive
|
-ttumassa
|
—
|
| elative
|
-ttumasta
|
—
|
| illative
|
-ttumaan
|
—
|
| adessive
|
-ttumalla
|
—
|
| abessive
|
-ttumatta
|
—
|
| instructive
|
-ttuman
|
-tuttaman
|
| 4th3
|
verbal noun
|
-ttuminen
|
| 5th1
|
| Person
|
sing.
|
plur.
|
| 1st
|
-ttumaisillani
|
-ttumaisillamme
|
| 2nd
|
-ttumaisillasi
|
-ttumaisillanne
|
| 3rd
|
-ttumaisillaan
-ttumaisillansa
|
|
