skola
Faroese
editEtymology
editPronunciation
editVerb
editskola (third person singular past indicative skolaði, third person plural past indicative skolaðu, supine skolað)
- to rinse
Conjugation
editConjugation of skola (group v-30) | ||
---|---|---|
infinitive | skola | |
supine | skolað | |
participle (a6)1 | skolandi | skolaður |
present | past | |
first singular | skoli | skolaði |
second singular | skolar | skolaði |
third singular | skolar | skolaði |
plural | skola | skolaðu |
imperative | ||
singular | skola! | |
plural | skolið! | |
1Only the past participle being declined. |
Icelandic
editEtymology
editPronunciation
editVerb
editskola (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative skolaði, supine skolað)
- to rinse
Conjugation
editinfinitive (nafnháttur) |
að skola | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
skolað | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
skolandi | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég skola | við skolum | present (nútíð) |
ég skoli | við skolum |
þú skolar | þið skolið | þú skolir | þið skolið | ||
hann, hún, það skolar | þeir, þær, þau skola | hann, hún, það skoli | þeir, þær, þau skoli | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég skolaði | við skoluðum | past (þátíð) |
ég skolaði | við skoluðum |
þú skolaðir | þið skoluðuð | þú skolaðir | þið skoluðuð | ||
hann, hún, það skolaði | þeir, þær, þau skoluðu | hann, hún, það skolaði | þeir, þær, þau skoluðu | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
skola (þú) | skolið (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
skolaðu | skoliði * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að skolast | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
skolast | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
skolandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég skolast | við skolumst | present (nútíð) |
ég skolist | við skolumst |
þú skolast | þið skolist | þú skolist | þið skolist | ||
hann, hún, það skolast | þeir, þær, þau skolast | hann, hún, það skolist | þeir, þær, þau skolist | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég skolaðist | við skoluðumst | past (þátíð) |
ég skolaðist | við skoluðumst |
þú skolaðist | þið skoluðust | þú skolaðist | þið skoluðust | ||
hann, hún, það skolaðist | þeir, þær, þau skoluðust | hann, hún, það skolaðist | þeir, þær, þau skoluðust | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
skolast (þú) | skolist (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
skolastu | skolisti * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
strong declension (sterk beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
skolaður | skoluð | skolað | skolaðir | skolaðar | skoluð | |
accusative (þolfall) |
skolaðan | skolaða | skolað | skolaða | skolaðar | skoluð | |
dative (þágufall) |
skoluðum | skolaðri | skoluðu | skoluðum | skoluðum | skoluðum | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
skolaðs | skolaðrar | skolaðs | skolaðra | skolaðra | skolaðra | |
weak declension (veik beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
skolaði | skolaða | skolaða | skoluðu | skoluðu | skoluðu | |
accusative (þolfall) |
skolaða | skoluðu | skolaða | skoluðu | skoluðu | skoluðu | |
dative (þágufall) |
skolaða | skoluðu | skolaða | skoluðu | skoluðu | skoluðu | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
skolaða | skoluðu | skolaða | skoluðu | skoluðu | skoluðu |
Further reading
edit- “skola” in the Dictionary of Modern Icelandic (in Icelandic) and ISLEX (in the Nordic languages)
Ladino
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editFrom Latin schola, from Ancient Greek σχολή (skholḗ).
Noun
editskola f (Latin spelling, Hebrew spelling סקולה)
Latvian
editEtymology
editBorrowed from Middle High German schōle, or from Middle Dutch schole, both also borrowings from Late Latin scola, schola (“lecture; school”), itself borrowed from Ancient Greek σχολή (skholḗ). In Latvian, this borrowing is first mentioned in 16th-century texts and 17th-century dictionaries.[1]
Noun
editskola f (4th declension)
- school (institution of learning, usually of lower or intermediate level; also a special or specific institution of learning; also the building where such an institution is housed)
- vispārizglītojošā skola ― comprehensive school
- profesionālā, speciālā skola ― professional, special school
- valsts, privātās skolas ― public, private schools
- lauku, pilsētu skolas ― rural, urban schools
- zēnu, meiteņu skola ― boys', girls' school
- kopmācības skola ― co-educational school
- baleta, mūzikas, sporta skola ― ballet, music, sports school
- lauksaimniecības skola ― agricultural school
- skolu tīkls ― school network
- skolu jaunatne ― school youth
- skolas audzēknis ― school student
- skolas bērns, puika ― schoolboy
- skolas biedrs ― schoolmate
- skolas direktors, ārsts ― school director, doctor
- skolas bibliotēka ― school library
- skolas mēbeles ― school furniture
- skolas sols, tāfele ― school bench, board
- skolas grāmatas, burtnīcas ― school books, notebooks
- skolas soma ― school bag
- skolas forma ― school uniform
- skolas laiks, gadi ― school time, years
- iestāties skolā ― to enroll in a school
- mācīties skolā ― to study at a school
- sūtīt skolā ― to send to school
- apmeklēt skolā ― to visit the school
- pamest skolu ― to leave school
- izslēgt no skolas ― to expel from school
- kad iesi skolā, varbūt skolotājs paskaidros ― when you go to school, maybe the teacher will explain it
- (figuratively) education; the work of studying at school
- skola sākās 1. septembrī ― school will start on September 1st
- Taisnību sakot, mazliet vairāk skolas viņam nebūtu nācis par ļaunu — to tell the truth, a little bit more school would not have been bad for him
- (figuratively) experience, learning
- dzīves skola ― the school of life
- neveiksme viņam būs laba skola ― failure will be a good school for him
- aršanas sacensības galvenokārt ir pieredzes, darba metožu, jaunāko atziņu skola ― plowing competitions are mostly a school of (= place, occasion for learning) experience, work methods, and recent findings
- school, school of thought (a set of theories, a teaching associated with a certain person, a certain movement or its followers)
- Platona filozofijas skola ― Plato's school of philosophy
- Paula Strādina skola medicīna ― Pauls Stradins' school of medicine
- beļģu skola glezniecībā ― the Belgian school of painting
- krievu skola baletā ― the Russian school of ballet
- Pavlovs izveidoja 20. gadsimta fiziologu lielāko skolu: viņa tiešo līdzstrādnieku un disertantu pulks vien aptvēis 250 cilvēku ― Pavlov created the largest school of 20th-century physiology: his group of direct collaborators and students comprised 250 people
Declension
editDerived terms
edit- sākumskola, pamatskola, vidusskola, augstskola
- pagastskola
- skolēns
- skolnieks, skolniece
- skolot, skolotājs, skolotāja
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “skola”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
Lithuanian
editEtymology
editIn ablaut with skelė́ti (“to owe”), from Proto-Indo-European *skel- (“to owe”). Cognate with Proto-Germanic *skulaną (“to owe”).
Noun
editskolà f (plural skõlos) stress pattern 4
Declension
editsingular (vienaskaita) | plural (daugiskaita) | |
---|---|---|
nominative (vardininkas) | skolà | skõlos |
genitive (kilmininkas) | skolõs | skolų̃ |
dative (naudininkas) | skõlai | skolóms |
accusative (galininkas) | skõlą | skolàs |
instrumental (įnagininkas) | skolà | skolomìs |
locative (vietininkas) | skolojè | skolosè |
vocative (šauksmininkas) | skõla | skõlos |
Related terms
editFurther reading
edit- “skola”, in Lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of the Lithuanian language], lkz.lt, 1941–2024
- skola, entry by Vytautas Vaškelaitis, in Visuotinė lietuvių enciklopedija (Universal Lithuanian Encyclopedia)
- Derksen, Rick (2015) “skola”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 406
Maltese
editAlternative forms
edit- iskola (after the article)
Etymology
editBorrowed from Sicilian scola, from Latin schola, from Ancient Greek σχολή (skholḗ).
Pronunciation
editNoun
editskola f (plural skejjel or skajjel or (obsolete) skoli)
- school (an institution dedicated to teaching and learning)
- school (the followers of a particular doctrine)
- school (a department/institute at a college or university)
- education
Related terms
editOld Norse
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Germanic *skwal-, from *skul-. If related to Sanskrit क्षालयति (kṣālayati, “to wash”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷsel-. Or, if related to Lithuanian skal͂bti (“to do laundry”), possibly from a late Proto-Indo-European *sk(ʷ)ol-b(ʰ)-.
Verb
editskola (singular past indicative skolaða, plural past indicative skoluðu, past participle skolaðr)
Descendants
editReferences
edit- “skola”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- Monier Williams (1899) “skola”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 327.
- Heijden, Vincent (2018): The Shared Lexicon Of Baltic, Slavic, AND Germanic, p. 31
Swedish
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editFrom Old Swedish skula, from Old Norse skulu, from Proto-Germanic *skulaną.
Verb
editskola (present ska or skall, preterite skulle, supine skolat)
- shall, will, be going to; used in the present tense (ska or skall) with a main verb in the infinitive to give the future tense, mostly intended future, or used in the past tense (skulle) with a main verb in the infinitive to express the conditional mood or the future of the past.
- 1964, “Ovan där [Up there [Above there]]”, in Ivar Lindestad (lyrics), Charles Albert Tindley (music), Tjyvballader och barnatro [Thief ballads and childhood faith][1], performed by Jailbird Singers:
- [Uses old present tense plural forms, though not consistently. The present tense plural used to be identical to the infinitive for all verbs except vara. The modern form appears inside "[]".]
Prövningar vi möta få[r], och vi ofta ej förstå[r] Herrens vägar när Han önskar att vi himlen skola [ska(ll)] nå. Sina barn Han leder här, genom sorger och besvär. Vi förstår [modern form] Hans vägar bättre ovan där. Ovan där randas morgonen, och där hemma samlas helgonen. Vi skall [modern form] då förtälja om vår resa här. Vi förstår [modern form] Hans vägar bättre ovan där. Här vi känna [känner] brist och nöd, sakna[r] ofta hjälp och stöd. [Den] trötta anden hungrar, törstar under ökenfärden här. Men vi tro[r] på Herren Gud, lita[r] helt uppå Hans bud. Vi förstår [modern form] Hans vägar bättre ovan där. Ovan där ... [as before]. Frestar'n [Frestaren] lägger ut försåt, snaror på vår levnadsstråt. Hjärtat gråter för vart fåfängt ord och tanklös gärning här. Men vi tro[r] på Herren Gud ... [as before].- Trials we face ["trials we meet get-to" – lyrical phrasing], and we often don't understand the Lord's ways when He wishes for us to reach heaven [when He wishes that we [the] heaven shall reach]. His children He leads here, through sorrows and troubles. We understand His ways better up there. Up there the morning dawns, and [there] at home the saints gather. We will then tell of our journey here. We understand His ways better up there. Here we feel lack and need, often lack help and support. Our tired spirit hungers, thirsts during our desert journey here. But we have faith in the Lord God, rely entirely on His word. We understand His ways better up there. Up there ... [as before]. The tempter lays out traps, snares on our life's path. Our heart bleeds [cries] for every vain word and thoughtless deed here. But we have faith in the Lord God ... [as before].
- Jag ska äta
- I'm going to (shall) eat
- Om jag hade en pizza så skulle jag äta den
- If I had a pizza, I would eat it
- Jag skulle just äta pizzan när svanen attackerade
- I was just going to eat the pizza when the swan attacked
- Jag skulle inte ha ätit två pizzor
- I shouldn't have eaten two pizzas (can also be expressed with borde)
- Used to make a phrase polite(r). How impolite (if at all) each less polite example is depends on familiarity and context, like in English.
- Kan du skjutsa mig till stan?
- Can you give me a ride to town?
- Skulle du kunna skjutsa mig till stan?
- Could you ("would you be able to") give me a ride to town?
- Jag vill ha en kaka
- I want a cookie
- Jag skulle vilja ha en kaka
- I would like (to have) ("would want to have" – idiomatic) a cookie
- Vi skulle vilja betala
- We would like to pay
- Jag ska ha den där
- Give me that one ("I shall have that one")
- Jag skulle vilja ha den där
- I would like to have that one
- Kan du flytta bilen lite så att vi får plats?
- Can you move your car a bit to make room for us?
- Skulle du kunna flytta bilen lite så att vi får plats?
- Could you ("would you be able to") move your car a bit to make room for us?
- Skulle du kunna tänka dig att flytta bilen lite så att vi får plats?
- Would you be willing (would you consider, "would you be able to imagine yourself") to move your car a bit to make room for us?
- Ska det vara en kaka till?
- Would you like ("shall it be") another cookie? (dated)
Usage notes
editFor semantic reasons, this verb hardly ever appears in the infinitive, which is unknown to many or perceived as archaic. The infinitive may also be perceived as archaic due to once being the present tense form used for plural subjects (see the quotations above).
Conjugation
editThe short form of skall is ska and is more commonly used (skall matches English shall in tone and is used in similar contexts). However, skall is used in the expression vad som komma skall (“what is to come”), the grammar of which is very dated.
Active | Passive | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | skola | — | ||
Supine | skolat | — | ||
Imperative | — | — | ||
Imper. plural1 | — | — | ||
Present | Past | Present | Past | |
Indicative | ska, skall | skulle | — | — |
Ind. plural1 | skola | skulle | — | — |
Subjunctive2 | skole | skulle | — | — |
Participles | ||||
Present participle | — | |||
Past participle | — | |||
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs. |
See also
edit- tack (“please (to add politeness)”)
- är du snäll (“please (in polite requests)”)
Etymology 2
editFrom Old Norse skóli, from Proto-West Germanic *skōlu, from Late Latin schola (“learned discussion or dissertation, lecture, school”), from Ancient Greek σχολή (skholḗ, “spare time, leisure”), from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- (“to hold, have, possess”).
Noun
editskola c
- (countable, uncountable) school (education or instruction institution)
- Han går i skolan
- He goes to school [He goes in the school]
- Barnen är i skolan
- The children are at school [The children are in the school]
- Jag är i skolan just nu
- I'm at school right now [I am in the school right now]
- reformer i skolan / skolreformer
- school reforms [reforms in the school]
- På torsdag är det öppet hus på skolan
- On Thursday, there is an open house at the school [see usage notes below for "i skolan" vs. "på skolan"]
- a school (school of thought)
- Frankfurtskolan
- the Frankfurt school
Usage notes
editI (“in”) (as opposed to på) is the most idiomatic preposition for (being at and) attending school, and also when referring to the education system as a whole. På (“on”) implies "at the school" in a broader sense.
Declension
editDeclension of skola | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | skola | skolan | skolor | skolorna |
Genitive | skolas | skolans | skolors | skolornas |
Derived terms
editDescendants
edit- → Finnish: skole
See also
editVerb
editskola (present skolar, preterite skolade, supine skolat, imperative skola)
Conjugation
editActive | Passive | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | skola | skolas | ||
Supine | skolat | skolats | ||
Imperative | skola | — | ||
Imper. plural1 | skolen | — | ||
Present | Past | Present | Past | |
Indicative | skolar | skolade | skolas | skolades |
Ind. plural1 | skola | skolade | skolas | skolades |
Subjunctive2 | skole | skolade | skoles | skolades |
Participles | ||||
Present participle | skolande | |||
Past participle | skolad | |||
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs. |
Related terms
editReferences
edit- skola in Svensk ordbok (SO)
- skola in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
- skola in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
Anagrams
editTernate
editPronunciation
editNoun
editskola
- Alternative form of sikola (“school”)
References
edit- Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh
- Latvian etymologies from LEV
- Faroese terms derived from Old Norse
- Faroese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Faroese/oːla
- Faroese terms with homophones
- Faroese lemmas
- Faroese verbs
- Icelandic terms derived from Old Norse
- Icelandic 2-syllable words
- Icelandic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Icelandic/ɔːla
- Rhymes:Icelandic/ɔːla/2 syllables
- Icelandic lemmas
- Icelandic verbs
- Icelandic weak verbs
- Ladino terms derived from Latin
- Ladino terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Ladino lemmas
- Ladino nouns
- Ladino nouns in Latin script
- Ladino feminine nouns
- lad:Education
- Latvian terms borrowed from Middle High German
- Latvian terms derived from Middle High German
- Latvian terms derived from Middle Dutch
- Latvian terms derived from Late Latin
- Latvian terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Latvian lemmas
- Latvian nouns
- Latvian feminine nouns
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- Latvian fourth declension nouns
- lv:Buildings
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- lv:Schools
- Lithuanian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Lithuanian lemmas
- Lithuanian nouns
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- lt:Economics
- Lithuanian terms with archaic senses
- Maltese terms borrowed from Sicilian
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- Maltese 2-syllable words
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- mt:Education
- Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic
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- Swedish terms with IPA pronunciation
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- Swedish terms inherited from Old Swedish
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- Swedish terms derived from Old Norse
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- Swedish lemmas
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- Swedish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Swedish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *seǵʰ-
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- sv:Buildings
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- Ternate terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ternate lemmas
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