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surplus - Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Wiktionary

surplus

English

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Etymology

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From Middle English surplus, from Middle French surplus. Compare French surplus.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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surplus (countable and uncountable, plural surpluses or surplusses)

  1. That which remains when use or need is satisfied, or when a limit is reached; excess; overplus.
  2. Specifically, an amount in the public treasury at any time greater than is required for the ordinary purposes of the government.
  3. (law) The remainder of a fund appropriated for a particular purpose.
  4. (law) assets left after liabilities and debts, including capital stock have been deducted.

Synonyms

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Antonyms

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Translations

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The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Adjective

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surplus (not comparable)

  1. Being or constituting a surplus; more than sufficient.
    surplus population
    surplus words
    The latest shipment of goods is surplus to our needs.
    • 1953, Samuel Beckett, Watt, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Grove Press, published 1959, →OCLC:
      But to return to where we left her, I see her still, propped up in a kind of stupor against one of the walls in which this wretched edifice abounds, her long grey greasy hair framing in its cowl of scrofulous mats a face where pallor, languor, hunger, acne, recent dirt, immemorial chagrin and surplus hair seemed to dispute the mastery.
    • 2013 June 1, “A better waterworks”, in The Economist‎[1], volume 407, number 8838, page 5 (Technology Quarterly):
      An artificial kidney these days still means a refrigerator-sized dialysis machine. Such devices mimic the way real kidneys cleanse blood and eject impurities and surplus water as urine.

Translations

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Verb

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surplus (third-person singular simple present surpluses or surplusses, present participle surplussing or surplusing, simple past and past participle surplussed or surplused)

  1. (transitive) To treat as surplus to requirements; to sell off or dismiss from employment, etc.
    • 1952, United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations, Moroccan air base construction. 2 v, page 618:
      This employee was engaged to direct asphalt plants and inasmuch as the work for which he had been employed was completed, he was surplused and his return travel was approved […]

Derived terms

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Anagrams

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Dutch

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Etymology

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From Middle Dutch surplus, from Middle French surplus.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈsʏr.plʏs/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: sur‧plus

Noun

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surplus n (plural surplussen, diminutive surplusje n)

  1. A surplus value, notably of money.
    Synonym: overschot
    Antonym: tekort
  2. A remaining quantity, notably stock excess.
    Synonyms: restant, overschot

Derived terms

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French

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Etymology

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Inherited from Middle French surplus, from Old French sorplus. Equivalent to sur- +‎ plus.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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surplus m (plural surplus)

  1. a surplus

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • → Italian: surplus

Further reading

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Italian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from French surplus.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /surˈplus/, /ˈsur.plus/[1]
  • Rhymes: -us, -urplus
  • Hyphenation: sur‧plùs, sùr‧plus

Noun

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surplus m (invariable)

  1. a surplus (all senses)

References

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  1. ^ surplus in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)

Middle English

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Noun

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surplus

  1. Alternative form of surplys

Romanian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from French surplus.

Noun

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surplus n (plural surplusuri)

  1. surplus

Declension

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Declension of surplus
singular plural
indefinite articulation definite articulation indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (un) surplus surplusul (niște) surplusuri surplusurile
genitive/dative (unui) surplus surplusului (unor) surplusuri surplusurilor
vocative surplusule surplusurilor
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