White-shouldered black tit: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Species of bird}} |
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{{Taxobox |
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{{speciesbox |
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| name = White-shouldered Black Tit |
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| image = Naturalis Biodiversity Center - RMNH.AVES.131224 1 - Parus leucomelas guineensis Shelley, 1900 - Paridae - bird skin specimen.jpeg |
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| status = LC |
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| regnum = [[Animal]]ia |
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| status_ref = <ref>{{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International. |year=2017 |amends=2016 |title=''Melaniparus guineensis'' |volume=2017 |page=e.T22711820A118697851 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T22711820A118697851.en |access-date=16 September 2021}}</ref> |
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| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]] |
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| classis = [[bird|Aves]] |
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| ordo = [[passerine|Passeriformes]] |
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| familia = [[tit (bird)|Paridae]] |
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| synonyms= |
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''Parus guineensis'' |
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| binomial = ''Melaniparus guineensis '' |
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The ''' |
The '''white-shouldered black tit''' ('''''Melaniparus guineensis'''''), also known as the '''pale-eyed black tit''', is a [[passerine]] [[bird]] in the [[tit (bird)|tit]] family. It breeds in a belt across [[Africa]] from [[Senegal]] in the west to [[Kenya]] and [[Ethiopia]] in the east. It is sometimes considered conspecific with the more southerly [[white-winged black tit]] ''Melaniparus leucomelas'' and, like that species, it is mainly black with a white wing patch, but differs in that it has a pale eye. |
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It is a resident in [[conifer]]ous woodlands throughout its range, and nests in tree crevice. 4-6 reddish-brown blotched pinkish-white eggs are laid. |
It is a resident in [[conifer]]ous woodlands throughout its range, and nests in tree crevice. 4-6 reddish-brown blotched pinkish-white eggs are laid. |
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The white-shouldered black tit was formerly one of the many species in the genus ''[[Parus]]'' but was moved to ''[[Melaniparus]]'' after a [[molecular phylogenetic]] analysis published in 2013 showed that birds in the new genus formed a distinct clade.<ref>{{ cite journal | last1=Johansson | first1=U.S. | last2=Ekman | first2=J. | last3=Bowie | first3=R.C.K. | last4=Halvarsson | first4=P. | last5=Ohlson | first5=J.I. | last6=Price | first6=T.D. | last7=Ericson | first7=P.G.P. | year=2013 | title=A complete multilocus species phylogeny of the tits and chickadees (Aves: Paridae) | journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution | volume=69 | issue=3 | pages=852–860 | doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2013.06.019 | pmid=23831453}}</ref><ref name=ioc>{{cite web| editor1-last=Gill | editor1-first=Frank | editor2-last=Donsker | editor2-first=David | title=Waxwings and their allies, tits & penduline tits | work=World Bird List Version 6.1 | url=http://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/waxwings/ | publisher=International Ornithologists' Union| accessdate= 15 February 2016 }}</ref> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
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*Harrap and Quinn, ''Tits, Nuthatches and Treecreepers'' ISBN |
*Harrap and Quinn, ''Tits, Nuthatches and Treecreepers'' {{ISBN|0-7136-3964-4}} |
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q2225283}} |
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[[Category:Birds described in 1900|white-shouldered black tit]] |
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[[Category:Birds of Cameroon]] |
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{{Paridae-stub}} |
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Latest revision as of 03:26, 13 December 2023
| White-shouldered black tit | |
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Paridae |
| Genus: | Melaniparus |
| Species: | M. guineensis
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| Binomial name | |
| Melaniparus guineensis (Shelley, 1900)
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| Synonyms | |
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Parus guineensis | |
The white-shouldered black tit (Melaniparus guineensis), also known as the pale-eyed black tit, is a passerine bird in the tit family. It breeds in a belt across Africa from Senegal in the west to Kenya and Ethiopia in the east. It is sometimes considered conspecific with the more southerly white-winged black tit Melaniparus leucomelas and, like that species, it is mainly black with a white wing patch, but differs in that it has a pale eye.
It is a resident in coniferous woodlands throughout its range, and nests in tree crevice. 4-6 reddish-brown blotched pinkish-white eggs are laid.
The white-shouldered black tit was formerly one of the many species in the genus Parus but was moved to Melaniparus after a molecular phylogenetic analysis published in 2013 showed that birds in the new genus formed a distinct clade.[2][3]
References[edit]
- ^ BirdLife International. (2017) [amended version of 2016 assessment]. "Melaniparus guineensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T22711820A118697851. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T22711820A118697851.en. Retrieved 16 September 2021.
- ^ Johansson, U.S.; Ekman, J.; Bowie, R.C.K.; Halvarsson, P.; Ohlson, J.I.; Price, T.D.; Ericson, P.G.P. (2013). "A complete multilocus species phylogeny of the tits and chickadees (Aves: Paridae)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 69 (3): 852–860. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2013.06.019. PMID 23831453.
- ^ Gill, Frank; Donsker, David (eds.). "Waxwings and their allies, tits & penduline tits". World Bird List Version 6.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 15 February 2016.
- Harrap and Quinn, Tits, Nuthatches and Treecreepers ISBN 0-7136-3964-4
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