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{{Short description|Mine in Niger}}
{{Infobox Gold Mine
{{Infobox gold mine
| name =Samira Hill
| name =Samira Hill
| image =
| image =
| width =
| width =
| caption =
| caption =
| place ={{coord|13|24|42.30|N|1|13|42.61|E|​display=inline,title|region:NE_type:landmark}}
| pushpin_map = Niger
⚫
| state =[[Téra Department]], [[Tillabéri Region]]
| pushpin_label =Samira Hill Gold Mine
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| country =[[Niger]]
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Niger
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| owner =Societe des Mines du Liptako
| coordinates = {{coord|13|24|42.3|N|001|13|42.61|E|region:NE|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| place =
| subdivision_type = [[Departments of Niger|Department]]
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| state/province = [[Téra Department]], [[Tillabéri Region]]
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| country =[[Niger]]
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| owner =Societe des Mines du Liptako
| official website =
| official website =
| acquisition year =
| acquisition year =
| stock_exchange =
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| financial year =
| stock_code =
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| amount =
| opening year =2004
| financial year =
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| amount =
| closing year =
| opening year =2004
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| closing year =
}}
}}

The '''Samira Hill Gold Mine''' (fr. ''Mine d'Or du Mont Samira'') is a [[Gold mine]] in [[Téra Department]] of the [[Tillabéri Region]] in [[Niger]]. Opened in late 2004, it is the first industrial scale gold mine in the nation, and while operated by a Canadian/Moroccan consortia, the government of Niger owns both a 20% stake in its operation, and functions under government concession. The mine, and the possibility that other gold concessions will follow, is projected to be a important component of future export revenue for the West African state.<ref>[http://www.afdevinfo.com/htmlreports/org/org_65924.html Samira Hill Gold Mine: African Development Information Database]. </ref>
The '''Samira Hill Gold Mine''' (fr. ''Mine d'Or du Mont Samira'') is a [[gold mine]] in [[Téra Department]] of the [[Tillabéri Region]] in [[Niger]]. Opened in late 2004, it is the first industrial scale gold mine in the nation, and while operated by a Canadian/Moroccan consortia, the government of Niger owns both a 20% stake in its operation, and functions under government concession. The mine, and the possibility that other gold concessions will follow, is projected to be an important component of future export revenue for the West African state.<ref>[http://www.afdevinfo.com/htmlreports/org/org_65924.html Samira Hill Gold Mine: African Development Information Database] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081122022231/http://www.afdevinfo.com/htmlreports/org/org_65924.html |date=2008-11-22 }}.</ref>


==Mining in Tera==
==Mining in Tera==
Exploitable deposits of [[gold]] have long been known to exist in Niger in the region between the Niger River and the border with [[Burkina Faso]], and artisanal gold mining has previously taken place in the area.<ref name=ussd2008>[http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/5474.htm Background Note:Niger], United States State Department, Bureau of Public Affairs: Electronic Information and Publications Office. Bureau of African Affairs. September 2008. ''This article incorporates text from this U.S. government source, which is in the [[public domain]]''.</ref> The ''Namaga concession'' upon which the Mine was built, is hoped to be the first mine to produce [[gold]] from the Tera [[Greenstone belt|greenstone belt]] which surrounds Koma Bangou, the country’s largest artisanal mining site. <ref name=ussd2008 /> Koma Bangou was first discovered by ONAREM (''l'Office National des Resources Minieres'', the Nigerien government's mining company) in 1985.<ref name=usgs94>[http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/country/1994/9247094.pdf "The Mineral Industries of Africa"]. ''1994 Minerals Yearbook''. [[U.S. Geological Survey]] (August 2007). ''This article incorporates text from this U.S. government source, which is in the [[public domain]].</ref>
Exploitable deposits of [[gold]] have long been known to exist in Niger in the region between the Niger River and the border with [[Burkina Faso]], and artisanal gold mining has previously taken place in the area.<ref name=ussd2008>[https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/5474.htm Background Note:Niger], United States State Department, Bureau of Public Affairs: Electronic Information and Publications Office. Bureau of African Affairs. September 2008. ''This article incorporates text from this U.S. government source, which is in the [[public domain]]''.</ref> The ''Namaga concession'' upon which the Mine was built, is hoped to be the first mine to produce [[gold]] from the Tera [[greenstone belt]] which surrounds Koma Bangou, the country's largest [[artisanal mining]] site.<ref name=ussd2008 /> Koma Bangou was first discovered by ONAREM (''l'Office National des Resources Minieres'', the Nigerien government's mining company) in 1985.<ref name=usgs94>[http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/country/1994/9247094.pdf "The Mineral Industries of Africa"]. ''1994 Minerals Yearbook''. [[U.S. Geological Survey]] (August 2007). ''This article incorporates text from this U.S. government source, which is in the [[public domain]].</ref>


==SML consortia==
==SML consortia==
The mine is operated by Moroccan headquartered SML (Societe des Mines du Liptako), a joint venture between [[Canadian]] [[Societe Semafo]] Inc<ref name=zenobank>{{cite web |url=http://www.zenobank.com/index.php?symbol=CA;SMF&page=quotesearch |title=Company Profile for SEMAFO (CA;SMF) |accessdate=2008-10-16}}</ref><ref>[http://www.semafo.com/operations_niger.html SEMAFO: Niger Operations].</ref> and Canadian [[Etruscan Resources]] Incorporated. Both companies own 80% (40% - 40%) of SML and the Government of Niger holds a 20% stake. <ref>[http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0EIN/is_1997_April_1/ai_19266557 Carlin Resources - Significant gold assays from Tera Project- Niger Business Wire, April 1, 1997 ]<br />[http://www.goldletterint.com/documents/pdf/GREENCASTLE_GLSP_March07.pdf Gold and Uranium Exploration in Republic of Niger, West Africa, March 2007.]</ref>
The mine is operated by Moroccan headquartered SML (Societe des Mines du Liptako), a joint venture between [[Canada|Canadian]] [[Societe Semafo]] Inc<ref name=zenobank>{{Cite web|url=http://www.zenobank.com/index.php?symbol=CA;SMF&page=quotesearch |title=Company Profile for SEMAFO (CA;SMF) |accessdate=2008-10-16}}</ref><ref>[http://www.semafo.com/operations_niger.html SEMAFO: Niger Operations] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081223144056/http://www.semafo.com/operations_niger.html |date=2008-12-23 }}.</ref> and Canadian [[Etruscan Resources]] Incorporated. Both companies own 80% (40% - 40%) of SML and the Government of Niger holds a 20% stake.<ref>[http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0EIN/is_1997_April_1/ai_19266557 Carlin Resources - Significant gold assays from Tera Project- Niger Business Wire, April 1, 1997]<br />[http://www.goldletterint.com/documents/pdf/GREENCASTLE_GLSP_March07.pdf Gold and Uranium Exploration in Republic of Niger, West Africa, March 2007.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080827184956/http://www.goldletterint.com/documents/pdf/GREENCASTLE_GLSP_March07.pdf |date=2008-08-27 }}</ref>


The mine site itself was created around the Samira Hill gold deposit, found on the ''Tiawa exploration permit'' and the Libiri gold deposit (three kilometers away) found on the ''Saoura exploration permit''.<ref name=etrus2006>[http://www.etruscan.com/s/SamiraHill.asp The Samira Hill Gold Mine]: Etruscan Resources Inc. (2006).</ref>
The mine site itself was created around the Samira Hill gold deposit, found on the ''Tiawa exploration permit'' and the Libiri gold deposit (three kilometers away) found on the ''Saoura exploration permit''.<ref name=etrus2006>[http://www.etruscan.com/s/SamiraHill.asp The Samira Hill Gold Mine]: Etruscan Resources Inc. (2006).</ref>


==Production==
==Production==
On 5 October 2004, President [[Mamadou Tandja]] announced the official opening of the Samira Hill Gold Mine, and the first Nigerien gold [[ingot]] was presented to him. This marked a historical moment for Niger as the Samira Hill Gold Mine represents the first commercial gold production in the country.<ref name=usgs>Thomas R. Yager, Omayra Bermúdez-Lugo, Philip M. Mobbs, Harold R. Newman, and David R. Wilburn. http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/country/2005/myb3-sum-2005-africa.pdf "The Mineral Industries of Africa"]. ''2005 Minerals Yearbook''. [[U.S. Geological Survey]] (August 2007). ''This article incorporates text from this U.S. government source, which is in the [[public domain]].</ref>
On 5 October 2004, President [[Mamadou Tandja]] announced the official opening of the Samira Hill Gold Mine, and the first Nigerien gold [[ingot]] was presented to him. This marked a historical moment for Niger as the Samira Hill Gold Mine represents the first commercial gold production in the country.<ref name=usgs>Thomas R. Yager, Omayra Bermúdez-Lugo, Philip M. Mobbs, Harold R. Newman, and David R. Wilburn. http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/country/2005/myb3-sum-2005-africa.pdf "The Mineral Industries of Africa"]. ''2005 Minerals Yearbook''. [[U.S. Geological Survey]] (August 2007). ''This article incorporates text from this U.S. government source, which is in the [[public domain]].</ref>


The mine's two pits are open pits, 3km from one another, both around 5km north of the Burkina Faso border, and 95km west-north-west from Niamey. The larger Samira Pit and the Libiri pit run east west along the site, with Libiri pit to the east. The ore processing is done by crushing, grinding, and carbon leaching ([[Gold cyanidation]]),<ref>[http://www.mininglife.com/operations/operationdetail.asp?Property=Samira+Hill Samira Hill:mininglife.com]</ref><ref>[http://www.etruscan.com/i/pdf/SMEPaperNigerProject.pdf THE DEVELOPMENT OF NIGER’S FIRST GOLD MINE. Robert Harris & David Duncan], Etruscan Resources Inc., Canada (2004) </ref> which requires a pipeline pumping water from the nearby [[Sirba River]], to the east of the site, as well as a large reservoir and waste pits.<ref>[http://www.semafo.com/operations_niger.html SEMAFO: Niger Operations], accessed 2008-12-14.</ref>
The mine's two pits are open pits, 3&nbsp;km from one another, both around 5&nbsp;km north of the Burkina Faso border, and 95&nbsp;km west-north-west from Niamey. The larger Samira Pit and the Libiri pit run east–west along the site, with Libiri pit to the east. The ore processing is done by crushing, grinding, and carbon leaching ([[Gold cyanidation]]),<ref>[http://www.mininglife.com/operations/operationdetail.asp?Property=Samira+Hill Samira Hill:mininglife.com]</ref><ref>[http://www.etruscan.com/i/pdf/SMEPaperNigerProject.pdf THE DEVELOPMENT OF NIGER’S FIRST GOLD MINE. Robert Harris & David Duncan], Etruscan Resources Inc., Canada (2004)</ref> which requires a pipeline pumping water from the nearby [[Sirba River]], to the east of the site, as well as a large reservoir and waste pits.<ref>[http://www.semafo.com/operations_niger.html SEMAFO: Niger Operations], accessed 2008-12-14. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081027132415/http://www.semafo.com/operations_niger.html |date=October 27, 2008 }}</ref>


The first year’s production is predicted to be 135,000 [[Troy weight|troy ounces]] (4,200&nbsp;kg; 9,260&nbsp;lb [[avoirdupois]]) of gold at a cash value of USD 177 per ounce ($5.70/g). The mine reserves for the Samira Hill mine total 10,073,626 tons at an average grade of 2.21 grams per ton from which 618,000 troy ounces (19,200&nbsp;kg; 42,400&nbsp;lb) will be recovered over a 6 year mine life. SML believes to have a number of significant gold deposits within what is now recognized as the gold belt known as the "Samira Horizon", which is located between [[Gotheye]] and [[Ouallam]].<ref name=ussd2008 />
The first year's production is predicted to be 135,000 [[Troy weight|troy ounces]] (4,200&nbsp;kg; 9,260&nbsp;lb [[avoirdupois]]) of gold at a cash value of US$177 per ounce ($5.70/g). The mine reserves for the Samira Hill mine total 10,073,626 tons at an average grade of 2.21&nbsp;grams per ton from which 618,000 troy ounces (19,200&nbsp;kg; 42,400&nbsp;lb) will be recovered over a 6-year mine life. SML believes to have a number of significant gold deposits within what is now recognized as the gold belt known as the "Samira Horizon", which is located between [[Gotheye]] and [[Ouallam]].<ref name=ussd2008 />


Prior to production, the estimated totals of both pits were 10.08 million t grading 2.2 g/t Au (ore), from which it was projected 618,000 [[Troy weight|troy ounces]] would be produced in the estimated 6.2 years of mine life. Etruscan has projected that the Koma Bangou deposit contains reserve of 315000 oz of gold.<ref name=usgs /><ref name=etrus2006 />
Prior to production, the estimated totals of both pits were 10.08 million t grading 2.2 g/t Au (ore), from which it was projected 618,000 [[Troy weight|troy ounces]] would be produced in the estimated 6.2 years of mine life. Etruscan has projected that the Koma Bangou deposit contains reserve of 315000 oz of gold.<ref name=etrus2006 /><ref name=usgs />


In 2008, Semafo announced it had discovered two new possible mine sites on its concessions, to the east and west of its current mines. Sikia 1, 1km in length, is southeast of Libiri pit, while Libiri Plateau, northeast of the Libiri pit, runs 500 meters. It is thought the immediate are could produce pits 10km east and west of the current site.<ref>[http://www.resourceinvestor.com/pebble.asp?relid=39518 Semafo Discovers Two New Gold Zones at Samira Hill, Niger] Resource Investor:Montreal, Quebec, January 15th, 2008.</ref>
In 2008, Semafo announced it had discovered two new possible mine sites on its concessions, to the east and west of its current mines. Sikia 1, 1&nbsp;km in length, is southeast of Libiri pit, while Libiri Plateau, northeast of the Libiri pit, runs 500 meters. It is thought the immediate are could produce pits 10&nbsp;km east and west of the current site.<ref>[http://www.resourceinvestor.com/pebble.asp?relid=39518 Semafo Discovers Two New Gold Zones at Samira Hill, Niger] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080118035007/http://www.resourceinvestor.com/pebble.asp?relid=39518 |date=2008-01-18 }} Resource Investor:Montreal, Quebec, January 15th, 2008.</ref>


==References==
==References==
Line 40: Line 49:


==External links==
==External links==
*[http://www.semafo.com/operations_niger.html SEMAFO: Niger Operations] (official site).
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20081223144056/http://www.semafo.com/operations_niger.html SEMAFO: Niger Operations] (official site).
*[http://www.etruscan.com/s/SamiraHill.asp The Samira Hill Gold Mine]: Etruscan Resources Inc. (official site).
*[http://www.etruscan.com/s/SamiraHill.asp The Samira Hill Gold Mine]: Etruscan Resources Inc. (official site).


== See also ==


* [[Niger gold mine collapse]]


⚫
[[Category:Mines in Niger]]

⚫
[[Category:Gold mines]]
[[Category:Economy of Niger]]
[[Category:Economy of Niger]]

Revision as of 20:24, 16 December 2023

Samira Hill
Location
Samira Hill Gold Mine is located in Niger
Samira Hill Gold Mine
Samira Hill Gold Mine
Location in Niger
DepartmentTéra Department, Tillabéri Region
CountryNiger
Coordinates13°24′42.3″N 001°13′42.61″E / 13.411750°N 1.2285028°E / 13.411750; 1.2285028
History
Opened2004
Owner
CompanySociete des Mines du Liptako

The Samira Hill Gold Mine (fr. Mine d'Or du Mont Samira) is a gold mine in Téra Department of the Tillabéri Region in Niger. Opened in late 2004, it is the first industrial scale gold mine in the nation, and while operated by a Canadian/Moroccan consortia, the government of Niger owns both a 20% stake in its operation, and functions under government concession. The mine, and the possibility that other gold concessions will follow, is projected to be an important component of future export revenue for the West African state.[1]

Mining in Tera

Exploitable deposits of gold have long been known to exist in Niger in the region between the Niger River and the border with Burkina Faso, and artisanal gold mining has previously taken place in the area.[2] The Namaga concession upon which the Mine was built, is hoped to be the first mine to produce gold from the Tera greenstone belt which surrounds Koma Bangou, the country's largest artisanal mining site.[2] Koma Bangou was first discovered by ONAREM (l'Office National des Resources Minieres, the Nigerien government's mining company) in 1985.[3]

SML consortia

The mine is operated by Moroccan headquartered SML (Societe des Mines du Liptako), a joint venture between Canadian Societe Semafo Inc[4][5] and Canadian Etruscan Resources Incorporated. Both companies own 80% (40% - 40%) of SML and the Government of Niger holds a 20% stake.[6]

The mine site itself was created around the Samira Hill gold deposit, found on the Tiawa exploration permit and the Libiri gold deposit (three kilometers away) found on the Saoura exploration permit.[7]

Production

On 5 October 2004, President Mamadou Tandja announced the official opening of the Samira Hill Gold Mine, and the first Nigerien gold ingot was presented to him. This marked a historical moment for Niger as the Samira Hill Gold Mine represents the first commercial gold production in the country.[8]

The mine's two pits are open pits, 3 km from one another, both around 5 km north of the Burkina Faso border, and 95 km west-north-west from Niamey. The larger Samira Pit and the Libiri pit run east–west along the site, with Libiri pit to the east. The ore processing is done by crushing, grinding, and carbon leaching (Gold cyanidation),[9][10] which requires a pipeline pumping water from the nearby Sirba River, to the east of the site, as well as a large reservoir and waste pits.[11]

The first year's production is predicted to be 135,000 troy ounces (4,200 kg; 9,260 lb avoirdupois) of gold at a cash value of US$177 per ounce ($5.70/g). The mine reserves for the Samira Hill mine total 10,073,626 tons at an average grade of 2.21 grams per ton from which 618,000 troy ounces (19,200 kg; 42,400 lb) will be recovered over a 6-year mine life. SML believes to have a number of significant gold deposits within what is now recognized as the gold belt known as the "Samira Horizon", which is located between Gotheye and Ouallam.[2]

Prior to production, the estimated totals of both pits were 10.08 million t grading 2.2 g/t Au (ore), from which it was projected 618,000 troy ounces would be produced in the estimated 6.2 years of mine life. Etruscan has projected that the Koma Bangou deposit contains reserve of 315000 oz of gold.[7][8]

In 2008, Semafo announced it had discovered two new possible mine sites on its concessions, to the east and west of its current mines. Sikia 1, 1 km in length, is southeast of Libiri pit, while Libiri Plateau, northeast of the Libiri pit, runs 500 meters. It is thought the immediate are could produce pits 10 km east and west of the current site.[12]

References

  1. ^ Samira Hill Gold Mine: African Development Information Database Archived 2008-11-22 at the Wayback Machine.
  2. ^ a b c Background Note:Niger, United States State Department, Bureau of Public Affairs: Electronic Information and Publications Office. Bureau of African Affairs. September 2008. This article incorporates text from this U.S. government source, which is in the public domain.
  3. ^ "The Mineral Industries of Africa". 1994 Minerals Yearbook. U.S. Geological Survey (August 2007). This article incorporates text from this U.S. government source, which is in the public domain.
  4. ^ "Company Profile for SEMAFO (CA;SMF)". Retrieved 2008-10-16.
  5. ^ SEMAFO: Niger Operations Archived 2008-12-23 at the Wayback Machine.
  6. ^ Carlin Resources - Significant gold assays from Tera Project- Niger Business Wire, April 1, 1997
    Gold and Uranium Exploration in Republic of Niger, West Africa, March 2007. Archived 2008-08-27 at the Wayback Machine
  7. ^ a b The Samira Hill Gold Mine: Etruscan Resources Inc. (2006).
  8. ^ a b Thomas R. Yager, Omayra Bermúdez-Lugo, Philip M. Mobbs, Harold R. Newman, and David R. Wilburn. http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/country/2005/myb3-sum-2005-africa.pdf "The Mineral Industries of Africa"]. 2005 Minerals Yearbook. U.S. Geological Survey (August 2007). This article incorporates text from this U.S. government source, which is in the public domain.
  9. ^ Samira Hill:mininglife.com
  10. ^ THE DEVELOPMENT OF NIGER’S FIRST GOLD MINE. Robert Harris & David Duncan, Etruscan Resources Inc., Canada (2004)
  11. ^ SEMAFO: Niger Operations, accessed 2008-12-14. Archived October 27, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
  12. ^ Semafo Discovers Two New Gold Zones at Samira Hill, Niger Archived 2008-01-18 at the Wayback Machine Resource Investor:Montreal, Quebec, January 15th, 2008.

See also

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