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{{Short description|British author, psychoanalyst & member of the Bloomsbury Group (1883-1948)}}
{{about|the English author|the Australian artillery officer and playwright|Adrian Consett Stephen|the engineer|Adrian Stephens}}
{{EngvarB|date=June 2013}}
{{EngvarB|date=June 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}}
[[File: Adrian Karin 1914.jpg|thumb|Adrian and Karin Stephen 1914 |alt=Photograph of Adrian Stephen with his wife Karin Costelloe in 1914, the year they were married]]
{{no footnotes|date=February 2015}}
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'''Adrian Leslie Stephen''' (27 October 1883 – 3 May 1948) was a member of the [[Bloomsbury Group]], an author and psychoanalyst, and the younger brother of [[Thoby Stephen]], [[Virginia Woolf]] and [[Vanessa Bell]]. He and his wife, [[Karin Stephen|Karin]], became interested in the work of [[Sigmund Freud]], and were among the first British [[psychoanalysts]].
{{dablink|This article is about an author. For the engineer with a similar name, see [[Adrian Stephens (inventor)]].}}

⚫
'''Adrian Stephen''' (1883–1948) was a member of the [[Bloomsbury Group]], an author and psychoanalyst, and the younger brother of [[Thoby Stephen]], [[Virginia Woolf]] and [[Vanessa Bell]]. He and his wife became interested in the work of [[Sigmund Freud]], and were among the first British [[psychoanalysts]].


==Life==
==Life==
Stephen was born in 1883 and he was educated at [[Westminster School]]. He was the youngest of four children of [[Julia Stephen|Julia]] and [[Leslie Stephen]]; their father's death in 1904 resulted in the four siblings moving to [[Bloomsbury]], and their house there became the nucleus of the Bloomsbury Group. By his mother's first marriage, he was also a half-brother of [[George Herbert Duckworth|George]] and [[Gerald Duckworth]].
Stephen was born in 1883, the youngest of four children of [[Julia Stephen|Julia]] and [[Leslie Stephen]]; their father's death in 1904 resulted in the four siblings moving to [[Bloomsbury]], and their house there became the nucleus of the Bloomsbury Group. By his mother's first marriage, he was also a half-brother of [[George Herbert Duckworth|George]] and [[Gerald Duckworth]]. He was educated at [[Westminster School]].{{sfn|Dawley|2018}}


Among his romantic liaisons was his affair with the artist [[Duncan Grant]], which led to Grant's introduction to, and eventual unusual romance with, Stephen's sister Vanessa Bell. Adrian attended [[Trinity College, Cambridge]], where he took an Ordinary Degree in law and history. In 1914 Stephen married [[Karin Costelloe]], a philosophy graduate, by then Fellow of [[Newnham College]] and expert on [[Henri Bergson]]. On the introduction of [[conscription]] in 1916 during the [[First World War]] Stephen became a [[conscientious objector]], like many other members of the Bloomsbury Group, and, with Costelloe, lived out the remainder of the war working on a farm in Essex. Early in the war he was active in the [[Union of Democratic Control]], then later was Honorary Treasurer of the National Council Against Conscription.
Among his romantic liaisons was his affair with the artist [[Duncan Grant]], which led to Grant's introduction to Stephen's sister Vanessa Bell, with whom he would eventually have a (rather unusual) romance.<ref>H Lee, ''Virginia Woolf'' (London 1996) p. 244</ref> Adrian attended [[Trinity College, Cambridge]], where he took an Ordinary Degree in law and history. In 1914 Stephen married [[Karin Costelloe]],<ref>H Lee, ''Virginia Woolf'' (London 1996) p. 383</ref> a philosophy graduate, by then Fellow of [[Newnham College]] and expert on [[Henri Bergson]]. The couple had two daughters Ann and Judith Stephen.{{sfn|Dawley|2018}}


On the introduction of [[conscription]] in 1916 during the [[First World War]] Stephen became a [[conscientious objector]], like many other members of the Bloomsbury Group, and, with Costelloe, lived out the remainder of the war working on a farm in Essex.<ref>P King, ''The Freud-Klein Controversies'' (2005)</ref> Early in the war he was active in the [[Union of Democratic Control]], then later was Honorary Treasurer of the National Council Against Conscription.
⚫
Towards the end of the war, Adrian, Karin, James and Alix Strachey all became interested in [[psychoanalysis]]. The Stephens trained medically at the request of [[Ernest Jones]], both being analysed by James Glover; they qualified in the late 1920s.


⚫
Towards the end of the war, Adrian, Karin, [[James Strachey|James]] and [[Alix Strachey]] all became interested in [[psychoanalysis]]. The Stephens trained medically at the request of [[Ernest Jones]], both being analysed initially by James Glover; they qualified in the late 1920s,{{sfn|Dawley|2018}} Adrian completing his analysis with [[Ella Freeman Sharpe]].<ref>P King, ''The Freud-Klein Controversies'' (2005)</ref>
⚫
In 1936, Stephen decided to recount in detail the [[Dreadnought hoax]], in which he had taken part a quarter of a century earlier, completing an account published by Hogarth press.


⚫
In 1936, Stephen decided to recount in detail the [[Dreadnought hoax|''Dreadnought'' hoax]], in which he had taken part a quarter of a century earlier, completing an account published by the [[Hogarth Press]]. He also became deeply involved in anti-Fascist activity in the Thirties.<ref>H Lee, ''Virginia Woolf'' (London 1996) p. 662</ref>
⚫
In [[World War II]] Stephen became so angered by the [[Nazis]]' brutality and [[anti-semitism]] that he abandoned his [[pacifist]] stance of the previous war and volunteered to become an army psychiatrist at the outbreak of war in 1939, at the age of 57. Active in promoting reforms in the [[British Psychoanalytical Society]] in 1942-44 during the [[Controversial Discussions]], he became Scientific Secretary of the Society (1945-47) and took over the job of Editor of the ''[[International Journal of Psychoanalysis]]'' from [[James Strachey]] in 1946. He died in 1948.

⚫
In [[World War II]] Stephen became so angered by the [[Nazis]]' brutality and [[antisemitism]] that he abandoned his [[pacifist]] stance of the previous war and volunteered to become an [[army]] psychoanalyst in 1939, at the age of 57. Active in promoting reforms in the [[British Psychoanalytical Society]] in 1942-44 during the [[Controversial Discussions]], he became Scientific Secretary of the Society (1945–47) and took over the job of Editor of the ''[[International Journal of Psychoanalysis]]'' from James Strachey in 1946.<ref>P King, ''The Freud-Klein Controversies'' (2005)</ref> He died in 1948.

== List of selected publications ==
* ''The 'Dreadnought' Hoax'' (1936)

==See also==
*[[Melanie Klein]]

== References ==
{{Reflist|2|}}


==Bibliography==
==Bibliography==
{{refbegin}}
* Jean MacGibbon, ''There’s the Lighthouse. A Biography of Adrian Stephen'', London: James & James, 1997
* {{cite book|last=MacGibbon|first=Jean|title=There's the Lighthouse: A Biography of Adrian Stephen|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ryiaAAAACAAJ|year=1997|publisher=James & James|isbn=978-0-907383-76-5}}
* {{cite web|last1=Dawley|first1=Janice E|title=The Bloomsbury Group: Adrian Stephen|url=http://therem.net/bloom-adrian.htm|website=Time and Tide|access-date=28 April 2018|ref={{harvid|Dawley|2018}}}}
{{refend}}


==External links==
==External links==
* [http://www.psychoanalysis.org.uk/archivesexhibition.htm Bloomsbury and Psychoanalysis]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070411013651/http://www.psychoanalysis.org.uk/archivesexhibition.htm Bloomsbury and Psychoanalysis]

{{commons}}
{{Bloomsbury Group}}
{{Virginia Woolf|state=collapsed}}

{{authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Stephen, Adrian}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Stephen, Adrian}}
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[[Category:1948 deaths]]
[[Category:1948 deaths]]
[[Category:People educated at Westminster School, London]]
[[Category:People educated at Westminster School, London]]
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[[Category:Stephen-Bell family]]
[[Category:Bloomsbury Group]]
[[Category:Bloomsbury Group]]
[[Category:British conscientious objectors]]
[[Category:British conscientious objectors]]
[[Category:British psychoanalysts]]
[[Category:British psychoanalysts]]
[[Category:History of mental health in the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:English LGBT writers]]
[[Category:LGBT writers from England]]
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[[Category:Virginia Woolf]]
[[Category:Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge]]
[[Category:Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge]]
[[Category:Dreadnought hoax]]

Latest revision as of 23:51, 27 January 2024

This article is about the English author. For the Australian artillery officer and playwright, see Adrian Consett Stephen. For the engineer, see Adrian Stephens.

Photograph of Adrian Stephen with his wife Karin Costelloe in 1914, the year they were married
Adrian and Karin Stephen 1914

Adrian Leslie Stephen (27 October 1883 – 3 May 1948) was a member of the Bloomsbury Group, an author and psychoanalyst, and the younger brother of Thoby Stephen, Virginia Woolf and Vanessa Bell. He and his wife, Karin, became interested in the work of Sigmund Freud, and were among the first British psychoanalysts.

Life[edit]

Stephen was born in 1883, the youngest of four children of Julia and Leslie Stephen; their father's death in 1904 resulted in the four siblings moving to Bloomsbury, and their house there became the nucleus of the Bloomsbury Group. By his mother's first marriage, he was also a half-brother of George and Gerald Duckworth. He was educated at Westminster School.[1]

Among his romantic liaisons was his affair with the artist Duncan Grant, which led to Grant's introduction to Stephen's sister Vanessa Bell, with whom he would eventually have a (rather unusual) romance.[2] Adrian attended Trinity College, Cambridge, where he took an Ordinary Degree in law and history. In 1914 Stephen married Karin Costelloe,[3] a philosophy graduate, by then Fellow of Newnham College and expert on Henri Bergson. The couple had two daughters Ann and Judith Stephen.[1]

On the introduction of conscription in 1916 during the First World War Stephen became a conscientious objector, like many other members of the Bloomsbury Group, and, with Costelloe, lived out the remainder of the war working on a farm in Essex.[4] Early in the war he was active in the Union of Democratic Control, then later was Honorary Treasurer of the National Council Against Conscription.

Towards the end of the war, Adrian, Karin, James and Alix Strachey all became interested in psychoanalysis. The Stephens trained medically at the request of Ernest Jones, both being analysed initially by James Glover; they qualified in the late 1920s,[1] Adrian completing his analysis with Ella Freeman Sharpe.[5]

In 1936, Stephen decided to recount in detail the Dreadnought hoax, in which he had taken part a quarter of a century earlier, completing an account published by the Hogarth Press. He also became deeply involved in anti-Fascist activity in the Thirties.[6]

In World War II Stephen became so angered by the Nazis' brutality and antisemitism that he abandoned his pacifist stance of the previous war and volunteered to become an army psychoanalyst in 1939, at the age of 57. Active in promoting reforms in the British Psychoanalytical Society in 1942-44 during the Controversial Discussions, he became Scientific Secretary of the Society (1945–47) and took over the job of Editor of the International Journal of Psychoanalysis from James Strachey in 1946.[7] He died in 1948.

List of selected publications[edit]

  • The 'Dreadnought' Hoax (1936)

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c Dawley 2018.
  2. ^ H Lee, Virginia Woolf (London 1996) p. 244
  3. ^ H Lee, Virginia Woolf (London 1996) p. 383
  4. ^ P King, The Freud-Klein Controversies (2005)
  5. ^ P King, The Freud-Klein Controversies (2005)
  6. ^ H Lee, Virginia Woolf (London 1996) p. 662
  7. ^ P King, The Freud-Klein Controversies (2005)

Bibliography[edit]

  • MacGibbon, Jean (1997). There's the Lighthouse: A Biography of Adrian Stephen. James & James. ISBN 978-0-907383-76-5.
  • Dawley, Janice E. "The Bloomsbury Group: Adrian Stephen". Time and Tide. Retrieved 28 April 2018.

External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Adrian Stephen.
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