(Translated by https://www.hiragana.jp/)
Yafran: Difference between revisions - Wikipedia Jump to content

Yafran: Difference between revisions

Coordinates: 32°03′46″N 12°31′36″E / 32.0629°N 12.5267°E / 32.0629; 12.5267
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
No edit summary
BQWI (talk | contribs)
62 edits
No edit summary
(17 intermediate revisions by 11 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{for|the village in Iran|Yafran, Iran}}
{{For|the village in Iran|Yafran, Iran}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
<!--See the Table at Infobox Settlement for all fields and descriptions of usage-->
<!--See the Table at Infobox Settlement for all fields and descriptions of usage-->
<!-- Basic info ---------------->
<!-- Basic info ---------------->
|official_name = Yafran
|official_name = Yafran
|other_name = Iefren
|native_name = يفرن
|native_name = يفرن<br>ⵢⴼⵔⴰⵏ
|nickname =
|nickname =
|settlement_type = City<!--For Town or Village (Leave blank for the default City)-->
|settlement_type = City<!--For Town or Village (Leave blank for the default City)-->
Line 13: Line 12:
|imagesize =
|imagesize =
|image_caption = Top: The view from the city of Yafran; Middle Left: Yellow blossom flowers blooming in spring; Middle right: Ancient church in Yafran; Bottom left: The ancient ruin town of Yafran Bottom right: The houses in Yafran covered with snow
|image_caption = Top: The view from the city of Yafran; Middle Left: Yellow blossom flowers blooming in spring; Middle right: Ancient church in Yafran; Bottom left: The ancient ruin town of Yafran Bottom right: The houses in Yafran covered with snow
|image_flag = Municipality of Yafran Flag.png
|image_flag =
|flag_size = 170 px
|flag_size =
|image_seal =
| <br>
|image_seal = Municipality of Yafran Logo.jpg
|seal_size =
|seal_size =
|image_shield =
|image_shield =
Line 125: Line 123:
| registration_plate = 22
| registration_plate = 22
}}
}}
[[File:Ancient watch tower near Yefren - panoramio.jpg|thumb|398x398px|Watch tower near Yefren ]]
[[File:Ancient watch tower near Yefren - panoramio.jpg|thumb|398x398px|Watch tower near Yefren]]
'''Yafran''' {{IPAc-en|ˈ|j|ɑː|f|r|ən}} ([[Berber language|Berber]]: ⵢⴼⵔⴰⵏ ''Ifran'',<ref>{{Cite web|title=Yefren (Ifren)|url=https://www.temehu.com/Cities_sites/Yefren.htm|access-date=2021-09-05|website=www.temehu.com}}</ref> {{lang-ar|يفرن|links=https://www.temehu.com/Cities_sites/Yefren.htm}} ''{{transl|ar|Yafran}}'', {{lang-it|Iefren}}), also spelled ''Jefren'', ''Yefren'', ''Yifran'', ''Yifrin'' or ''Ifrane'', is a city in northwestern [[Libya]], in the [[Jabal al Gharbi District]] in the western [[Nafusa Mountains]]. Before 2007, Yafran was the administrative seat of the [[Yafran District]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20060418033049/http://www.gpc.gov.ly/online_alshabyat/index.php?sh=25 " مدينةيفرن" ("Yafran District")] Website of the General People's Committee of Libya, from [[Internet Archive]] dated 18 April 2006, in Arabic</ref>
'''Yafran''' {{IPAc-en|ˈ|j|ɑː|f|r|ən}} ({{lang-ar|يفرن|links=https://www.temehu.com/Cities_sites/Yefren.htm}}), also spelled ''Jefren'', ''Yefren'', ''Yifran'', ''Yifrin'' or ''Ifrane'', is a city in northwestern [[Libya]], in the [[Jabal al Gharbi District]] in the western [[Nafusa Mountains]]. Before 2007, Yafran was the administrative seat of the [[Yafran District]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20060418033049/http://www.gpc.gov.ly/online_alshabyat/index.php?sh=25 " مدينةيفرن" ("Yafran District")] Website of the General People's Committee of Libya, from [[Internet Archive]] dated 18 April 2006, in Arabic</ref>


==Libyan civil war==
==Libyan civil war==
{{main|2011 Nafusa Mountains Campaign}}
{{main|2011 Nafusa Mountains Campaign}}
Yafran people, as in other cities of Libya, have demonstrated against Gaddafi. Subsequently, Yafran was exposed to bombardment and siege by Gaddafi forces. As of May 2011, Gaddafi's forces had shut down the water system and blocked food supplies<ref>[http://english.libya.tv/2011/05/02/people-of-yafran-besieged-by-gaddafi-forces-facing-starvation/ People of Yafran, besieged by pro-Gaddafi forces, facing starvation | Libya TV<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> and held the western part of the town with some 500 rebels in the eastern section of Yafran still resisting.<ref>[http://www.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/africa/05/21/libya.small.towns/index.html?section=cnn_latest Libyan begs NATO to save his small town]</ref>
Yafran people, as in other cities of Libya, have demonstrated against Gaddafi. Subsequently, Yafran was exposed to bombardment and siege by Gaddafi forces. As of May 2011, Gaddafi's forces had shut down the water system and blocked food supplies<ref>[http://english.libya.tv/2011/05/02/people-of-yafran-besieged-by-gaddafi-forces-facing-starvation/ People of Yafran, besieged by pro-Gaddafi forces, facing starvation | Libya TV<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> and held the western part of the town with some 500 rebels in the eastern section of Yafran still resisting.<ref>{{cite web |title=Libyan begs NATO to save his small town |website=[[CNN]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201003114524/https://www.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/africa/05/21/libya.small.towns/index.html?section=cnn_latest |archive-date=2020-10-03 |url-status=live |url=http://www.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/africa/05/21/libya.small.towns/index.html?section=cnn_latest}}</ref>


Yafran fell to Gaddafi's forces sometime in late May or early June. The centre of the town was used as a position for "government tanks, artillery guns and snipers".<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052702304563104576357122791161478 | work=The Wall Street Journal | first=Richard | last=Boudreaux | title=Conflict Hardens in Libya's Mountains | date=1 June 2011}}</ref> On 2 June, rebel forces retook the city center and started to clear the area of Gaddafi's forces.<ref>[http://shabablibya.org/news/rebels-in-western-libya-seize-mountain-towns-in-push-toward-tripoli Rebels in western Libya seize mountain towns in push toward Tripoli « Shabab Libya<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
Yafran fell to Gaddafi's forces sometime in late May or early June. The centre of the town was used as a position for "government tanks, artillery guns and snipers".<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052702304563104576357122791161478 | work=The Wall Street Journal | first=Richard | last=Boudreaux | title=Conflict Hardens in Libya's Mountains | date=1 June 2011}}</ref> On 2 June, rebel forces retook the city center and started to clear the area of Gaddafi's forces.<ref>[http://shabablibya.org/news/rebels-in-western-libya-seize-mountain-towns-in-push-toward-tripoli Rebels in western Libya seize mountain towns in push toward Tripoli « Shabab Libya<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
On 6 June, an on-site [[Reuters]] journalist reported that the pro-Gaddafi forces were nowhere to be seen in or around the town.<ref>[http://blogs.aljazeera.net/liveblog/libya Al Jazeera, Libya Live Blog, June 6]</ref>
On 6 June, an on-site [[Reuters]] journalist reported that the pro-Gaddafi forces were nowhere to be seen in or around the town.<ref>[http://blogs.aljazeera.net/liveblog/libya Al Jazeera, Libya Live Blog, June 6]</ref>

==Climate==

Yafran has a [[semi-arid climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]]: ''BSh'') with hot, dry summers and cool, somewhat rainy winters.
{{Weather box
|width = auto
|location = Yafran (1991–2020)
|single line = Y
|metric first = Y
|collapsed = yes
|Jan record high C = 25.0
|Feb record high C = 30.7
|Mar record high C = 33.5
|Apr record high C = 37.8
|May record high C = 40.8
|Jun record high C = 42.0
|Jul record high C = 43.0
|Aug record high C = 42.5
|Sep record high C = 40.5
|Oct record high C = 38.5
|Nov record high C = 34.6
|Dec record high C = 27.0
|Jan high C = 12.7
|Feb high C = 13.9
|Mar high C = 18.2
|Apr high C = 22.0
|May high C = 28.0
|Jun high C = 33.6
|Jul high C = 34.8
|Aug high C = 35.6
|Sep high C = 31.2
|Oct high C = 25.7
|Nov high C = 18.4
|Dec high C = 14.5
|year high C = 24.0
|Jan mean C = 7.9
|Feb mean C = 10.1
|Mar mean C = 12.9
|Apr mean C = 17.6
|May mean C = 21.1
|Jun mean C = 27.0
|Jul mean C = 29.3
|Aug mean C = 28.7
|Sep mean C = 26.7
|Oct mean C = 21.3
|Nov mean C = 14.4
|Dec mean C = 10.9
|year mean C =
|Jan low C = 3.0
|Feb low C = 6.2
|Mar low C = 5.6
|Apr low C = 13.2
|May low C = 14.2
|Jun low C = 18.8
|Jul low C = 22.0
|Aug low C = 21.2
|Sep low C = 20.0
|Oct low C = 15.6
|Nov low C = 10.4
|Dec low C = 7.3
|year low C =
|Jan record low C = -8.0
|Feb record low C = -9.5
|Mar record low C = -6.5
|Apr record low C = -4.9
|May record low C = 2.1
|Jun record low C = 5.6
|Jul record low C = 9.2
|Aug record low C = 10.0
|Sep record low C = 8.6
|Oct record low C = 4.6
|Nov record low C = -1.8
|Dec record low C = -3.4
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 52.4
|Feb precipitation mm = 47.0
|Mar precipitation mm = 35.0
|Apr precipitation mm = 12.9
|May precipitation mm = 8.6
|Jun precipitation mm = 2.8
|Jul precipitation mm = 0.3
|Aug precipitation mm = 1.3
|Sep precipitation mm = 7.1
|Oct precipitation mm = 25.3
|Nov precipitation mm = 20.7
|Dec precipitation mm = 44.0
|year precipitation mm = 257.4
|Jan precipitation days = 4.3
|Feb precipitation days = 4.1
|Mar precipitation days = 3.2
|Apr precipitation days = 1.6
|May precipitation days = 1.2
|Jun precipitation days = 0.5
|Jul precipitation days = 0.0
|Aug precipitation days = 0.3
|Sep precipitation days = 1.2
|Oct precipitation days = 2.2
|Nov precipitation days = 2.6
|Dec precipitation days = 4.6
|year precipitation days = 25.8
|unit precipitation days = 1 mm
|Jan humidity = 65.4
|Feb humidity = 60.2
|Mar humidity = 53.9
|Apr humidity = 48.9
|May humidity = 45.1
|Jun humidity = 43.2
|Jul humidity = 44.4
|Aug humidity = 46.1
|Sep humidity = 53.4
|Oct humidity = 56.6
|Nov humidity = 59.1
|Dec humidity = 65.0
|year humidity = 53.4
|Jan dew point C = 2.8
|Feb dew point C = 2.2
|Mar dew point C = 3.6
|Apr dew point C = 5.7
|May dew point C = 8.2
|Jun dew point C = 10.9
|Jul dew point C = 13.2
|Aug dew point C = 14.2
|Sep dew point C = 14.2
|Oct dew point C = 11.2
|Nov dew point C = 6.7
|Dec dew point C = 4.0
|year dew point C = 8.1
| source 1 = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|NOAA]]<ref name=WMOCLINO>{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230915043406/https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-1-WMO-Normals-9120/Libya/CSV/YEFREN_62008.csv
| archive-date = 15 September 2023
| url = https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-1-WMO-Normals-9120/Libya/CSV/YEFREN_62008.csv
| title = Yefren Climate Normals 1991–2020
| work = World Meteorological Organization Climatological Standard Normals (1991–2020)
| publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
| access-date = 15 September 2023}}</ref>
}}


==See also==
==See also==
Line 144: Line 278:
* [http://www.fallingrain.com/world/LY/62/Yafran.html "Yafran, Libya"], Falling Rain Genomics, Inc.
* [http://www.fallingrain.com/world/LY/62/Yafran.html "Yafran, Libya"], Falling Rain Genomics, Inc.
* [http://www.maplandia.com/libya/yafran-yefren/yafran/ "Yafran Map — Satellite Images of Yafran"], Maplandia
* [http://www.maplandia.com/libya/yafran-yefren/yafran/ "Yafran Map — Satellite Images of Yafran"], Maplandia

{{Coord|32.0629|N|12.5267|E|source:itwiki_region:LY|format=dms|display=title}}


{{Jabal al Gharbi}}
{{Jabal al Gharbi}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Coord|32.0629|N|12.5267|E|source:itwiki_region:LY|format=dms|display=title}}


[[Category:Populated places in Jabal al Gharbi District]]
[[Category:Populated places in Jabal al Gharbi District]]

Revision as of 02:06, 22 March 2024

For the village in Iran, see Yafran, Iran.
Yafran
يفرن
City
Top: The view from the city of Yafran; Middle Left: Yellow blossom flowers blooming in spring; Middle right: Ancient church in Yafran; Bottom left: The ancient ruin town of Yafran Bottom right: The houses in Yafran covered with snow
Top: The view from the city of Yafran; Middle Left: Yellow blossom flowers blooming in spring; Middle right: Ancient church in Yafran; Bottom left: The ancient ruin town of Yafran Bottom right: The houses in Yafran covered with snow
Yafran is located in Libya
Yafran
Yafran
Location in Libya
Coordinates: 32°03′46″N 12°31′36″E / 32.06278°N 12.52667°E / 32.06278; 12.52667
Country Libya
RegionTripolitania
DistrictJabal Nafusa
Elevation
[1]
678 m (2,224 ft)
Population
 (2012)[2]
 • Total54,573
Time zoneUTC+2 (EET)
Area code+218 421
License Plate Code22
Watch tower near Yefren

Yafran /ˈjɑːfrən/ (Arabic: يفرن), also spelled Jefren, Yefren, Yifran, Yifrin or Ifrane, is a city in northwestern Libya, in the Jabal al Gharbi District in the western Nafusa Mountains. Before 2007, Yafran was the administrative seat of the Yafran District.[3]

Libyan civil war

Main article: 2011 Nafusa Mountains Campaign

Yafran people, as in other cities of Libya, have demonstrated against Gaddafi. Subsequently, Yafran was exposed to bombardment and siege by Gaddafi forces. As of May 2011, Gaddafi's forces had shut down the water system and blocked food supplies[4] and held the western part of the town with some 500 rebels in the eastern section of Yafran still resisting.[5]

Yafran fell to Gaddafi's forces sometime in late May or early June. The centre of the town was used as a position for "government tanks, artillery guns and snipers".[6] On 2 June, rebel forces retook the city center and started to clear the area of Gaddafi's forces.[7] On 6 June, an on-site Reuters journalist reported that the pro-Gaddafi forces were nowhere to be seen in or around the town.[8]

Climate

Yafran has a semi-arid climate (Köppen: BSh) with hot, dry summers and cool, somewhat rainy winters.

Climate data for Yafran (1991–2020)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 25.0
(77.0) 		30.7
(87.3) 		33.5
(92.3) 		37.8
(100.0) 		40.8
(105.4) 		42.0
(107.6) 		43.0
(109.4) 		42.5
(108.5) 		40.5
(104.9) 		38.5
(101.3) 		34.6
(94.3) 		27.0
(80.6) 		43.0
(109.4)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 12.7
(54.9) 		13.9
(57.0) 		18.2
(64.8) 		22.0
(71.6) 		28.0
(82.4) 		33.6
(92.5) 		34.8
(94.6) 		35.6
(96.1) 		31.2
(88.2) 		25.7
(78.3) 		18.4
(65.1) 		14.5
(58.1) 		24.0
(75.2)
Daily mean °C (°F) 7.9
(46.2) 		10.1
(50.2) 		12.9
(55.2) 		17.6
(63.7) 		21.1
(70.0) 		27.0
(80.6) 		29.3
(84.7) 		28.7
(83.7) 		26.7
(80.1) 		21.3
(70.3) 		14.4
(57.9) 		10.9
(51.6) 		19.0
(66.2)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 3.0
(37.4) 		6.2
(43.2) 		5.6
(42.1) 		13.2
(55.8) 		14.2
(57.6) 		18.8
(65.8) 		22.0
(71.6) 		21.2
(70.2) 		20.0
(68.0) 		15.6
(60.1) 		10.4
(50.7) 		7.3
(45.1) 		13.1
(55.6)
Record low °C (°F) −8.0
(17.6) 		−9.5
(14.9) 		−6.5
(20.3) 		−4.9
(23.2) 		2.1
(35.8) 		5.6
(42.1) 		9.2
(48.6) 		10.0
(50.0) 		8.6
(47.5) 		4.6
(40.3) 		−1.8
(28.8) 		−3.4
(25.9) 		−9.5
(14.9)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 52.4
(2.06) 		47.0
(1.85) 		35.0
(1.38) 		12.9
(0.51) 		8.6
(0.34) 		2.8
(0.11) 		0.3
(0.01) 		1.3
(0.05) 		7.1
(0.28) 		25.3
(1.00) 		20.7
(0.81) 		44.0
(1.73) 		257.4
(10.13)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1 mm) 4.3 4.1 3.2 1.6 1.2 0.5 0.0 0.3 1.2 2.2 2.6 4.6 25.8
Average relative humidity (%) 65.4 60.2 53.9 48.9 45.1 43.2 44.4 46.1 53.4 56.6 59.1 65.0 53.4
Average dew point °C (°F) 2.8
(37.0) 		2.2
(36.0) 		3.6
(38.5) 		5.7
(42.3) 		8.2
(46.8) 		10.9
(51.6) 		13.2
(55.8) 		14.2
(57.6) 		14.2
(57.6) 		11.2
(52.2) 		6.7
(44.1) 		4.0
(39.2) 		8.1
(46.6)
Source: NOAA[9]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Wolfram Alpha
  2. ^ World Gazetteer. "Libya: largest cities and towns and statistics of their population". Archived from the original on 4 December 2012. Retrieved 15 October 2011.
  3. ^ " مدينةيفرن" ("Yafran District") Website of the General People's Committee of Libya, from Internet Archive dated 18 April 2006, in Arabic
  4. ^ People of Yafran, besieged by pro-Gaddafi forces, facing starvation | Libya TV
  5. ^ "Libyan begs NATO to save his small town". CNN. Archived from the original on 2020-10-03.
  6. ^ Boudreaux, Richard (1 June 2011). "Conflict Hardens in Libya's Mountains". The Wall Street Journal.
  7. ^ Rebels in western Libya seize mountain towns in push toward Tripoli « Shabab Libya
  8. ^ Al Jazeera, Libya Live Blog, June 6
  9. ^ "Yefren Climate Normals 1991–2020". World Meteorological Organization Climatological Standard Normals (1991–2020). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on 15 September 2023. Retrieved 15 September 2023.

32°03′46″N 12°31′36″E / 32.0629°N 12.5267°E / 32.0629; 12.5267

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yafran&oldid=1214926570"