Cutaneous receptor: Difference between revisions
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{{short description|Type of sensory receptor}} |
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| ⚫ | A '''cutaneous receptor''' is the type of [[sensory receptor]] found in the skin ( the [[dermis]] or [[epidermis]]). They are a part of the [[somatosensory system]]. Cutaneous receptors include [[mechanoreceptor]]s (pressure or distortion), [[nociceptors]] (pain), and [[thermoreceptor]]s (temperature).<ref>Lincoln R. J., Boxshall G. A. (1990): Natural history - The Cambridge illustrated dictionary. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, {{ISBN|0 521 30551-9}}.</ref> |
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==Types== <!-- Cutaneous nociceptor redirects here--> |
==Types== <!-- Cutaneous nociceptor redirects here--> |
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The sensory receptors in the skin are: |
The sensory receptors in the skin are: |
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*[[Mechanoreceptor]]s |
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*'''[[mechanoreceptor|cutaneous mechanoreceptors]]''' |
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**[[bulbous corpuscle|Ruffini's end organ]] (skin stretch) |
**[[bulbous corpuscle|Ruffini's end organ]] (skin stretch) |
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**[[Bulboid corpuscle|End-bulbs of Krause]] (Cold) |
**[[Bulboid corpuscle|End-bulbs of Krause]] (Cold) |
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==Morphology== |
==Morphology== |
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Cutaneous receptors are at the ends of afferent neurons. |
Cutaneous receptors are at the ends of afferent neurons. works within the capsule. Ion channels are situated near these networks. |
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In [[sensory transduction]], the [[afferent nerve]]s transmit through a series of [[synapse]]s in the [[central nervous system]], first in the [[spinal cord |
In [[sensory transduction]], the [[afferent nerve]]s transmit through a series of [[synapse]]s in the [[central nervous system]], first in the [[spinal cord]], the ventrobasal portion of the [[thalamus]], and then on to the [[somatosensory cortex]].<ref>Mada S. S. (2000): Human Biology. McGraw–Hill, New York, {{ISBN|0-07-290584-0}}.</ref> |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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Latest revision as of 11:56, 4 April 2024
A cutaneous receptor is the type of sensory receptor found in the skin ( the dermis or epidermis). They are a part of the somatosensory system. Cutaneous receptors include mechanoreceptors (pressure or distortion), nociceptors (pain), and thermoreceptors (temperature).[1]
Types[edit]
The sensory receptors in the skin are:
- Mechanoreceptors
- Ruffini's end organ (skin stretch)
- End-bulbs of Krause (Cold)
- Meissner's corpuscle (changes in texture, slow vibrations)
- Pacinian corpuscle (deep pressure, fast vibrations)
- Merkel's disc (sustained touch and pressure)
- Free nerve endings
- thermoreceptor
- nociceptors
- chemoreceptors
Modalities[edit]
With the above-mentioned receptor types the skin can sense the modalities touch, pressure, vibration, temperature and pain. The modalities and their receptors are partly overlapping, and are innervated by different kinds of fiber types.
| Modality | Type | Fiber type |
|---|---|---|
| Touch | Rapidly adapting cutaneous mechanoreceptors (Meissner corpuscle end-organs Pacinian corpuscle end-organs hair follicle receptors some free nerve endings) |
A |
| Touch & pressure | Slowly adapting cutaneous mechanoreceptors (Merkel and Ruffini corpuscle end-organs some free nerve endings) |
A |
| Vibration | Meissners and Pacinian corpuscle end-organs | A |
| Temperature | Thermoreceptors | A C fibers (warmth receptors) |
| Pain & Itch | Free nerve ending nociceptors | A C fibers (Nociceptors of paleospinothalamic tract) |
Morphology[edit]
Cutaneous receptors are at the ends of afferent neurons. works within the capsule. Ion channels are situated near these networks.
In sensory transduction, the afferent nerves transmit through a series of synapses in the central nervous system, first in the spinal cord, the ventrobasal portion of the thalamus, and then on to the somatosensory cortex.[2]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ Lincoln R. J., Boxshall G. A. (1990): Natural history - The Cambridge illustrated dictionary. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, ISBN 0 521 30551-9.
- ^ Mada S. S. (2000): Human Biology. McGraw–Hill, New York, ISBN 0-07-290584-0.