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{{Short description|French jurist and lawyer}}
'''Matthieu Marais''' (1664[[#Notes|<sup>1</sup>]] - 21 June 1737) was a French jurist and writer. Legal advocate at the [[Parlement]] of Paris, he was one of the luminaries of the bar during his times.
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'''Mathieu<ref>We also find ''Matthieu'', but it only appear in 1823, in ''Ouvrage de La Fontaine'' and in the biographical dictionaries after his death.</ref> Marais''' (bapt. 11 October 1665, [[Paris]]-21 June 1737, Paris) was a French [[jurist]] and [[lawyer]] at the [[Parlement]] of Paris. He is later known by the edition of his ''Journal and Memoirs'' by Mathurin de Lescures.


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==Life==
Marais was born and died in [[Paris]]. A friend of [[Pierre Bayle]] and [[Henry de Boulainviller]], he collaborated on the ''Dictionnaire Historique'', and wrote the articles "[[Henry III of France|Henri III]]", "[[Henry, duke of Guise|Henri, duc de Guise]]", "[[Marguerite de Navarre|Marguerite, reine de Navarre]]", etc. Bound up with the president [[Jean Bouhier (jurist)|Jean Bouhier]], he maintained with him an interesting correspondence, published in the ''Journal de Paris'' from 1721 to 1727. He also wrote (for the "[[Mercure de France|Mercure]]") a ''Critique'' of the panegyric of [[Sacy]] (by Madame Lambert).
Mathieu Marais was born in [[Paris]], in the rue du Bouloi. His baptismal certificate was dated of October 11, 1665 at the [[Saint-Eustache, Paris|Church of St Eustache of Paris]]. Because of the high [[infant mortality]], infants were baptized the same day or a few days after their birth, so his date of birth is conjectured to be October 10. His father was Renault Marais, [[prosecutor]] at the [[Grand Châtelet]], and his mother was Catherine-Françoise Billon. His [[godparent|godparents]] were Mathieu Billon, Parisian bourgeois, and Claude Billon, daughter of Guillaume Billon, the King's [[candlemaker]].<ref>Mathieu Marais, ''Journal and Memoirs'', vol.1, 1863.</ref>


He spent twelve years with the [[Jesuits]], then became a lawyer on November 22, 1688 before retiring in 1736. It was long thought that he ended his career as [[bâtonnier]], but that was actually Jean Marais (or Marays).<ref>Mathieu Marais, in a letter to president Bouhier dated September 5, 1724, said that Jean Marais sometimes printed his name "Marays" or "Marais". J. Marais wrote ''Memoirs'', and a ''Discours sur la détractation sur la légitime entre les enfants'' (''Discourse on the Detraction on Legitimacy Between Children'') in 1693. Mathieu didn't like this man, of whom he was "neither his relative nor his ally". (Cf. ''Correspondance littéraire du président Bouhier n°8 : Lettres de Mathieu Marais (1724-1737)'', vol.1, 1974.)</ref> His nickname was "the lawyer of the women" (''l'avocat des dames''), because he pleaded for a lot of them. He aspired to [[French Academy]]. He was very fond of [[Jean de La Fontaine]], and the wrote an ''Histoire de la vie et des ouvrages de M. de La Fontaine'' (''History of The Life and Works of Mr. de La Fontaine'') published in 1811 by [[Simon Chardon de La Rochette]]. He was in contact with several personalities of his time, including [[Nicolas Boileau]], the [[Henri François d'Aguesseau|Chancellor d'Aguesseau]], the [[Melchior de Polignac|Cardinal Polignac]], the Viscount Charles-Henri-Gaspard de Saulx of Tavannes, and also the financier [[Samuel Bernard (financier)|Samuel Bernard]].
Chardon de la Rochette discovered a posthumous writing of Matthieu Marais: ''Historie de la Vie et des Ouvrages de M. de la Fontaine;'' Paris, 1811, ''in -12 et in -18'' ("History of the life and works of Mr de la Fontaine"). Marais is also author of ''Memoires intéressants sur les premieres années du règne de Louis XV'', which was published during those same years. (Larousse's Encyclopedia[[#Notes|<sup>2</sup>]] reports that he wrote a ''Journal et Mémoires de Mathieu Marais, avocat au Parlement de Paris, sur la Régence et la règne de Louis XV, 1715-1737'' (1863-1868) ("Journal and Memoirs of Mathieu Marais, lawyer at the Parlement of Paris, on the Regency and the reign of Louis XV, 1715-1737"). This may be the same work referred to as ''Memoires intéressants . . . .'' above.)


His greatest friend seems to have been [[Jean Bouhier (jurist)|president Bouhier]] to whom he, sick and dying, sent a letter on February 1, 1737, where are written journals of his hand; he recommends keeping them in his library of manuscripts so that they do not fall into the wrong hands. He would have contributed to the ''[[Mercure galant]]'' for the criticism of [[Madame de Lambert]] about [[Louis-Isaac Lemaistre de Sacy|Mr. de Sacy's]] translation of ''[[Panegyric of Trajan]]'' by [[Pliny the Younger]]. As a friend of [[Pierre Bayle]], he collaborated at the ''[[Dictionnaire Historique et Critique|Historical and Critical Dictionary]]'' by writing the articles '' [[Henry III of France|Henry III]]'', ''[[Henry I of Guise|Henry, Duke of Guise]]'' and ''[[Marguerite de Navarre|Margaret, Queen of Navarre]] '' among others.<ref>[[Pierre Didot|Pierre]] and [[Firmin Didot]], ''Nouvelle biographie générale'', vol.33, 1860.</ref> His funeral took place at the same St Eustache Church where he was baptized.<ref>[[Louis Gabriel Michaud]], ''Biographie universelle ancienne et moderne'', vol.26, 1860.</ref>
Marais also praised Voltaire's epic poem La Ligue, remarking that 'C'est un ouvrage merveilleux, un chef-d'oeuvre d'esprit'.


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
*This article, in its inaugural (Nov 2005) edition, is mostly a translation of the article, Marais (Matthieu), in the French-language ''Nouvelle Biographie Général'': 1860, Paris: Fermin Didot Frères. vol.xxxiii, column 348. Original contributor: "L-z-e".
*Reference in ''Nouvelle Biographie'' article:&nbsp; Ravenel, ''Revue retrospective'', v.i, no's 13, 14 and 15.
*''Grand Dictionnaire Encyclopédique Larousse'', 1984, Paris. Article: Marais (Mathieu)


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==Notes==
#Larousse, (see '''References''') says he was born in 1665.
#''Grand Dictionnaire Encyclopédique Larousse''. See '''References'''.


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[[Category:1665 births]]
{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
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| NAME = Marais, Matthieu
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION =
| DATE OF BIRTH = 1664
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
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| DATE OF DEATH = 21 June 1737
| PLACE OF DEATH =
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Marais, Matthieu}}
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[[Category:1664 births]]
[[Category:1737 deaths]]
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[[Category:French letter writers]]
[[Category:18th-century French male writers]]
[[Category:French diarists]]
[[Category:French diarists]]
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[[Category:French literary critics]]
[[Category:French memoirists]]
[[Category:French male non-fiction writers]]
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[[it:Matthieu Marais]]
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Latest revision as of 17:26, 20 April 2024

Mathieu Marais
Born11 October 1665
Paris, France
Died21 June 1737 (aged 71)
Paris, France
Occupationjurist, lawyer and memorialist
LanguageFrench
PeriodRégence and firsts years of King Louis XV reign
GenreMemoir

Mathieu[1] Marais (bapt. 11 October 1665, Paris-21 June 1737, Paris) was a French jurist and lawyer at the Parlement of Paris. He is later known by the edition of his Journal and Memoirs by Mathurin de Lescures.

Life[edit]

Mathieu Marais was born in Paris, in the rue du Bouloi. His baptismal certificate was dated of October 11, 1665 at the Church of St Eustache of Paris. Because of the high infant mortality, infants were baptized the same day or a few days after their birth, so his date of birth is conjectured to be October 10. His father was Renault Marais, prosecutor at the Grand Châtelet, and his mother was Catherine-Françoise Billon. His godparents were Mathieu Billon, Parisian bourgeois, and Claude Billon, daughter of Guillaume Billon, the King's candlemaker.[2]

He spent twelve years with the Jesuits, then became a lawyer on November 22, 1688 before retiring in 1736. It was long thought that he ended his career as bâtonnier, but that was actually Jean Marais (or Marays).[3] His nickname was "the lawyer of the women" (l'avocat des dames), because he pleaded for a lot of them. He aspired to French Academy. He was very fond of Jean de La Fontaine, and the wrote an Histoire de la vie et des ouvrages de M. de La Fontaine (History of The Life and Works of Mr. de La Fontaine) published in 1811 by Simon Chardon de La Rochette. He was in contact with several personalities of his time, including Nicolas Boileau, the Chancellor d'Aguesseau, the Cardinal Polignac, the Viscount Charles-Henri-Gaspard de Saulx of Tavannes, and also the financier Samuel Bernard.

His greatest friend seems to have been president Bouhier to whom he, sick and dying, sent a letter on February 1, 1737, where are written journals of his hand; he recommends keeping them in his library of manuscripts so that they do not fall into the wrong hands. He would have contributed to the Mercure galant for the criticism of Madame de Lambert about Mr. de Sacy's translation of Panegyric of Trajan by Pliny the Younger. As a friend of Pierre Bayle, he collaborated at the Historical and Critical Dictionary by writing the articles Henry III, Henry, Duke of Guise and Margaret, Queen of Navarre among others.[4] His funeral took place at the same St Eustache Church where he was baptized.[5]

References[edit]

  1. ^ We also find Matthieu, but it only appear in 1823, in Ouvrage de La Fontaine and in the biographical dictionaries after his death.
  2. ^ Mathieu Marais, Journal and Memoirs, vol.1, 1863.
  3. ^ Mathieu Marais, in a letter to president Bouhier dated September 5, 1724, said that Jean Marais sometimes printed his name "Marays" or "Marais". J. Marais wrote Memoirs, and a Discours sur la détractation sur la légitime entre les enfants (Discourse on the Detraction on Legitimacy Between Children) in 1693. Mathieu didn't like this man, of whom he was "neither his relative nor his ally". (Cf. Correspondance littéraire du président Bouhier n°8 : Lettres de Mathieu Marais (1724-1737), vol.1, 1974.)
  4. ^ Pierre and Firmin Didot, Nouvelle biographie générale, vol.33, 1860.
  5. ^ Louis Gabriel Michaud, Biographie universelle ancienne et moderne, vol.26, 1860.
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