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| birth_name = Oswald Norman Morris
| birth_name = Oswald Norman Morris
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1915|11|22|df=y}}
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1915|11|22|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Ruislip]], England
| birth_place = [[Ruislip]], [[Middlesex]], England
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=y|2014|3|17|1915|11|22}}
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=y|2014|3|17|1915|11|22}}
| death_place = [[Fontmell Magna]], [[Dorset]], England
| death_place = [[Fontmell Magna]], [[Dorset]], England
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==Life and career==
==Life and career==
Morris was raised in [[Middlesex]] (now the [[London Borough]] of [[London Borough of Hillingdon|Hillingdon]]), and attended the [[Bishopshalt School]]. His interest in film began at an early age; during summer vacations, he would work as a [[projectionist]] at the local cinema. Dropping out in 1932, he started working in the film industry at [[Fountain Studios|Wembley Studios]] as an unpaid gofer for [[Michael Powell (director)|Michael Powell]], among others, eventually graduating to the positions of [[Clapperboard|clapper boy]] and camera assistant on [[Cinematograph Films Act 1927|quota quickies]]. By his 20s, Morris was a [[camera operator]], first at Wembley,<!-- IMDb listing seems to be Morris exclusively TCF/Fox at Wembley. --> and later at Elstree.<ref name="Baxter">[https://www.theguardian.com/film/2014/mar/19/oswald-morris Oswald Morris obituary; Oscar-winning British cinematographer who worked on a wide range of film classics.] Baxter, Brian. ''[[The Guardian]]''. Retrieved 27 November 2016.</ref>
Morris was raised in [[Middlesex]] (now the [[London Borough|London borough]] of [[London Borough of Hillingdon|Hillingdon]]) and attended the [[Bishopshalt School]]. His interest in film began at an early age; during summer vacations, he would work as a [[projectionist]] at the local cinema. After leaving school in 1932, he began working in the film industry at [[Fountain Studios|Wembley Studios]] as an unpaid [[gofer]] for [[Michael Powell (director)|Michael Powell]], among others, eventually graduating to the positions of [[Clapperboard|clapper boy]] and camera assistant on [[Cinematograph Films Act 1927|quota quickies]]. By his 20s, Morris was a [[camera operator]], first at Wembley,<!-- IMDb listing seems to be Morris exclusively TCF/Fox at Wembley. --> and later at [[Elstree Studios]].<ref name="Baxter">[https://www.theguardian.com/film/2014/mar/19/oswald-morris Oswald Morris obituary; Oscar-winning British cinematographer who worked on a wide range of film classics.] Baxter, Brian. ''[[The Guardian]]''. Retrieved 27 November 2016.</ref>


His career was interrupted by the [[World War II|Second World War]], during which he served initially as a Radio Operator/Navigator, before becoming a [[bomb]]er [[Aviator|pilot]] with the [[Royal Air Force]]<ref name="washingtonpostobit">[https://web.archive.org/web/20140322062416/https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/oswald-morris-oscar-winning-cinematographer-dies-at-98/2014/03/21/68fde8b4-af99-11e3-95e8-39bef8e9a48b_story.html Oswald Morris, Oscar-winning cinematographer, dies at 98.] ''[[The Washington Post]]'' via [[Internet Archive]]. Retrieved 30 July 2021.</ref><ref name="latimesobit">[https://web.archive.org/web/20140715144742/https://www.latimes.com/local/obituaries/la-me-oswald-morris-20140319-story.html Oswald Morris dies at 98; award-winning British cinematographer] ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'' via [[Internet Archive]]. Retrieved 30 July 2021.</ref><ref name="NYTobit">[https://web.archive.org/web/20140401072315/https://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/27/arts/oswald-morris-artful-cinematographer-is-dead-at-98.html Oswald Morris, Artful Cinematographer, Is Dead at 98.] ''[[The New York Times]]'' via [[Internet Archive]]. Retrieved 30 July 2021.</ref> flying [[Avro Lancaster|Lancaster bomber]] raids over Italy,France and Germany, completing his 30 Operational tours before being transferred to Transport Command for the duration of the war. After which prior to discharge and resuming his career he took part in the Berlin Airlift.<ref name="Baxter"/> He achieved the rank of [[flight lieutenant]] and winning both the [[Distinguished Flying Cross (United Kingdom)|Distinguished Flying Cross]] and the [[Air Force Cross (United Kingdom)|Air Force Cross]].<ref name="Baxter"/><ref name="rafmuseum">[https://www.rafmuseum.org.uk/blog/the-oscars-connectio/ The Oscars Connection!] [[Royal Air Force Museum]]. Retrieved 30 July 2021.</ref><ref name="cinematographers.nl">[https://www.cinematographers.nl/GreatDoPh/morris.htm Great Cinematographers; Oswald Morris] www.cinematographers.nl. Retrieved 30 July 2021.</ref>
His career was interrupted by [[World War II]], during which he served as a radio operator and navigator before becoming a [[bomb]]er [[Aviator|pilot]] with the [[Royal Air Force]],<ref name="washingtonpostobit">[https://web.archive.org/web/20140322062416/https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/oswald-morris-oscar-winning-cinematographer-dies-at-98/2014/03/21/68fde8b4-af99-11e3-95e8-39bef8e9a48b_story.html Oswald Morris, Oscar-winning cinematographer, dies at 98.] ''[[The Washington Post]]'' via [[Internet Archive]]. Retrieved 30 July 2021.</ref><ref name="latimesobit">[https://web.archive.org/web/20140715144742/https://www.latimes.com/local/obituaries/la-me-oswald-morris-20140319-story.html Oswald Morris dies at 98; award-winning British cinematographer] ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'' via [[Internet Archive]]. Retrieved 30 July 2021.</ref><ref name="NYTobit">[https://web.archive.org/web/20140401072315/https://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/27/arts/oswald-morris-artful-cinematographer-is-dead-at-98.html Oswald Morris, Artful Cinematographer, Is Dead at 98.] ''[[The New York Times]]'' via [[Internet Archive]]. Retrieved 30 July 2021.</ref> flying [[Avro Lancaster|Lancaster bomber]] raids over Italy, France and Germany. He completed 30 operational tours before being transferred to Transport Command for the duration of the war. Prior to his discharge and the resumption of his career, Morris participated in the [[Berlin Blockade|Berlin Airlift]].<ref name="Baxter"/> He achieved the rank of [[flight lieutenant]] and winning both the [[Distinguished Flying Cross (United Kingdom)|Distinguished Flying Cross]] and the [[Air Force Cross (United Kingdom)|Air Force Cross]].<ref name="Baxter"/><ref name="rafmuseum">[https://www.rafmuseum.org.uk/blog/the-oscars-connectio/ The Oscars Connection!] [[Royal Air Force Museum]]. Retrieved 30 July 2021.</ref><ref name="cinematographers.nl">[https://www.cinematographers.nl/GreatDoPh/morris.htm Great Cinematographers; Oswald Morris] www.cinematographers.nl. Retrieved 30 July 2021.</ref>


After his war service, Morris worked at [[Pinewood Studios]] as an assistant to such people as [[Ronald Neame]] and [[David Lean]] at their company [[Cineguild Productions|Cineguild]]. He was the camera operator during the shooting of Lean's ''[[Oliver Twist (1948 film)|Oliver Twist]]'' (1948). He first acted as director of photography on ''[[Golden Salamander (film)|Golden Salamander]]'' (1950). Neame referred to Morris as "probably the greatest cameraman in the world".<ref name="Sweet"/>
After his war service, Morris worked at [[Pinewood Studios]] as an assistant to such people as [[Ronald Neame]] and [[David Lean]] at their company, [[Cineguild Productions|Cineguild]]. He was the camera operator for Lean's ''[[Oliver Twist (1948 film)|Oliver Twist]]'' (1948). He first acted as director of photography on ''[[Golden Salamander (film)|Golden Salamander]]'' (1950). Neame called Morris "probably the greatest cameraman in the world."<ref name="Sweet"/>


Morris collaborated with [[film director]] [[John Huston]] on eight films, beginning with ''[[Moulin Rouge (1952 film)|Moulin Rouge]]'' (1952), and also including ''[[Moby Dick (1956 film)|Moby Dick]]'' (1956). Although his previous experience with [[Technicolor]] had been limited, for ''Moulin Rouge'' he devised many stylish effects - through the use of diffused and filtered light, fog, and bold color choices - for the film, and his innovations drew critical praise from the critics. For ''Moby Dick'', Morris developed what David Peloquin has called a "retro-silvered pictorial" which "was designed to capture the look of nineteenth-century whaling prints with their muted colors and silver sheen".<ref>{{cite journal|last=Peloquin|first=David|url=https://muse.jhu.edu/article/661378/summary|title=John Huston's 1956 Film Moby Dick: A 60th-Anniversary Appreciation|journal=Leviathan|volume=19|issue=2|date=June 2017|pages=111–4|doi=10.1353/lvn.2017.0030|s2cid=149346554}}</ref> Morris wrote in his autobiography that he and Huston wanted a "soft wash" effect "in which we would etch in the characters". To achieve this, in prints for the original release, colour was effectively printed over a black and white image using two negatives.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Morris|first1=Oswald|last2=Bull|first2=Geoffrey|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kD6kJTBmFiIC&pg=PA90|title=Huston, We Have a Problem: A Kaleidoscope of Filmmaking Memories|location=Lanham, Maryland & Oxford, UK|publisher=Scarecrow Press|year=2006|pages=83–4|isbn=9780810857063}}</ref> For the film of [[John Osborne]]'s ''[[The Entertainer (film)|The Entertainer]]'' (1960), on which Morris was the cinematographer, his name was incorporated into the story in one scene where a radio transmission mentioned the fictional "Sergeant Ossie Morris".
Morris collaborated with director [[John Huston]] on eight films, beginning with ''[[Moulin Rouge (1952 film)|Moulin Rouge]]'' (1952) and also including ''[[Moby Dick (1956 film)|Moby Dick]]'' (1956). Although his previous experience with [[Technicolor]] had been limited, Morris devised many stylish effects for ''Moulin Rouge'' by employing diffused and filtered light, fog and bold color choices, and his innovations drew critical praise. For ''Moby Dick'', Morris developed what David Peloquin has called a "retro-silvered pictorial" that "was designed to capture the look of nineteenth-century whaling prints with their muted colors and silver sheen."<ref>{{cite journal|last=Peloquin|first=David|url=https://muse.jhu.edu/article/661378/summary|title=John Huston's 1956 Film Moby Dick: A 60th-Anniversary Appreciation|journal=Leviathan|volume=19|issue=2|date=June 2017|pages=111–4|doi=10.1353/lvn.2017.0030|s2cid=149346554}}</ref> Morris wrote in his autobiography that he and Huston wanted a "soft wash" effect "in which we would etch in the characters." To achieve this, in prints for the original release, colour was effectively printed over a black-and-white image using two negatives.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Morris|first1=Oswald|last2=Bull|first2=Geoffrey|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kD6kJTBmFiIC&pg=PA90|title=Huston, We Have a Problem: A Kaleidoscope of Filmmaking Memories|location=Lanham, Maryland & Oxford, UK|publisher=Scarecrow Press|year=2006|pages=83–4|isbn=9780810857063}}</ref> As cinematographer for [[John Osborne]]'s ''[[The Entertainer (film)|The Entertainer]]'' (1960), his name was incorporated into the story in a scene in which a radio transmission mentions the fictional Sergeant Ossie Morris.


He received three nominations for the [[Academy Award for Best Cinematography]], for his work on the musicals ''[[Oliver! (film)|Oliver!]]'' (1968), ''[[Fiddler on the Roof (film)|Fiddler on the Roof]]'' (1971), and ''[[The Wiz (film)|The Wiz]]'' (1978), and won the award for his work on ''Fiddler on the Roof''. Morris' brother [[Reginald H. Morris]] was also a cinematographer based in Canada.<ref>Dennis McLellan, [https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/oswald-morris-oscar-winning-cinematographer-dies-at-98/2014/03/21/68fde8b4-af99-11e3-95e8-39bef8e9a48b_story.html "Oswald Morris, Oscar-winning cinematographer, dies at 98"]. ''[[Washington Post]]'', 21 March 2014.</ref>
Morris received three nominations for the [[Academy Award for Best Cinematography]] for his work on the musicals ''[[Oliver! (film)|Oliver!]]'' (1968), ''[[Fiddler on the Roof (film)|Fiddler on the Roof]]'' (1971) and ''[[The Wiz (film)|The Wiz]]'' (1978), winning for ''Fiddler on the Roof''. Morris' brother [[Reginald H. Morris]] was also a cinematographer based in Canada.<ref>Dennis McLellan, [https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/oswald-morris-oscar-winning-cinematographer-dies-at-98/2014/03/21/68fde8b4-af99-11e3-95e8-39bef8e9a48b_story.html "Oswald Morris, Oscar-winning cinematographer, dies at 98"]. ''[[Washington Post]]'', 21 March 2014.</ref>


Morris was a Fellow of The [[Royal Photographic Society]] and was named an Officer of the [[Order of the British Empire]] in 1998. He published his [[memoir]]s, ''Huston, We Have a Problem: A Kaleidoscope of Filmmaking Memories'' ({{ISBN|978-0810857063}}), in 2006. In his later years, Morris participated in the film course at [[Bournemouth University]].<ref name="Baxter"/>
Morris was a fellow of the [[Royal Photographic Society]] and was named an officer of the [[Order of the British Empire]] in 1998. He published his [[memoir]]s, ''Huston, We Have a Problem: A Kaleidoscope of Filmmaking Memories'' ({{ISBN|978-0810857063}}), in 2006. In his later years, Morris participated in a film course at [[Bournemouth University]].<ref name="Baxter"/>


Morris was married twice. His first marriage to the former Connie Sharp produced three children, Gillian, Christine and Roger. The marriage lasted from 1939 until she died in 1963.<ref>{{cite news|last=Hayward|first=Anthony|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/oswald-morris-cinematographer-who-developed-a-fruitful-relationship-with-john-huston-and-worked-on-a-9207673.html|title=Oswald Morris: Cinematographer who developed a fruitful relationship with John Huston and worked on a host of classic films|work=The Independent|date=21 March 2014|access-date=27 November 2016}}</ref> In 1966, Morris married Lee Turner, a member of the continuity production staff on the [[Franco Zeffirelli]] film of ''[[The Taming of the Shrew (1967 film)|The Taming of the Shrew]]'' (1967). This marriage lasted until she died in 2003.
Morris was married twice. His first marriage to the former Connie Sharp produced three children, Gillian, Christine and Roger. The marriage lasted from 1939 until she died in 1963.<ref>{{cite news|last=Hayward|first=Anthony|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/oswald-morris-cinematographer-who-developed-a-fruitful-relationship-with-john-huston-and-worked-on-a-9207673.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220524/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/oswald-morris-cinematographer-who-developed-a-fruitful-relationship-with-john-huston-and-worked-on-a-9207673.html |archive-date=24 May 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=Oswald Morris: Cinematographer who developed a fruitful relationship with John Huston and worked on a host of classic films|work=The Independent|date=21 March 2014|access-date=27 November 2016}}</ref> In 1966, Morris married Lee Turner, a member of the continuity production staff on the [[Franco Zeffirelli]] film of ''[[The Taming of the Shrew (1967 film)|The Taming of the Shrew]]'' (1967). This marriage lasted until she died in 2003.


He was one of the interviewees in the book ''Conversations with Cinematographers'' by David A. Ellis, published by Scarecrow Press.
Morris was among the interviewees in the book ''Conversations with Cinematographers'' by David A. Ellis.


Morris died on March 17, 2014 at the age of 98, at his home in [[Fontmell Magna]], Dorset, England.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/local/obituaries/la-me-oswald-morris-20140319-story.html|title = Oswald Morris dies at 98; award-winning British cinematographer|website = [[Los Angeles Times]]|date = 18 March 2014}}</ref> His survivors included his three children, 10 grandchildren, and 18 great-grandchildren.<ref name="Baxter"/>
Morris died on March 17, 2014, at the age of 98 at his home in [[Fontmell Magna]], Dorset, England.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/local/obituaries/la-me-oswald-morris-20140319-story.html|title = Oswald Morris dies at 98; award-winning British cinematographer|website = [[Los Angeles Times]]|date = 18 March 2014}}</ref> His survivors included his three children, 10 grandchildren, and 18 great-grandchildren.<ref name="Baxter"/>


==Honours==
==Honours==
In June 2009, the recently completed central building of the [[National Film and Television School#Facilities|National Film and Television School]] was officially named The Oswald Morris Building in his honour.
In June 2009, the recently completed central building of the [[National Film and Television School#Facilities|National Film and Television School]] was officially named the Oswald Morris Building in his honour.


==Additional credits==
==Additional credits==
Line 63: Line 63:
*''[[Mister Moses]]'' (1965)
*''[[Mister Moses]]'' (1965)
*''[[The Battle of the Villa Fiorita]]'' (1965)
*''[[The Battle of the Villa Fiorita]]'' (1965)
*''[[The Hill (film)|The Hill]]'' (1965)
*''[[The Hill (1965 film)|The Hill]]'' (1965)
*''[[Life at the Top (film)|Life at the Top]]'' (1965)
*''[[Life at the Top (film)|Life at the Top]]'' (1965)
*''[[The Spy Who Came in from the Cold (film)|The Spy Who Came in from the Cold]]'' (1965)
*''[[The Spy Who Came in from the Cold (film)|The Spy Who Came in from the Cold]]'' (1965)
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{{BAFTA Award for Best Cinematography 1963–1984}}
{{BAFTA Award for Best Cinematography 1963–1984}}
{{BAFTA Academy Fellowship Award}}
{{BAFTA Academy Fellowship Award}}
{{British Society of Cinematographers Award for Best Cinematography in a Theatrical Feature Film}}
}}
}}


Latest revision as of 22:42, 11 May 2024

Oswald Morris
OBE
Born
Oswald Norman Morris

(1915-11-22)22 November 1915
Ruislip, Middlesex, England
Died17 March 2014(2014-03-17) (aged 98)
Fontmell Magna, Dorset, England
NationalityBritish
OccupationCinematographer
Years active1932–1982

Oswald Norman Morris, OBE DFC AFC BSC (22 November 1915 – 17 March 2014) was a British cinematographer. Known to his colleagues by the nicknames "Os" or "Ossie",[1] Morris's career in cinematography spanned six decades.

Life and career[edit]

Morris was raised in Middlesex (now the London borough of Hillingdon) and attended the Bishopshalt School. His interest in film began at an early age; during summer vacations, he would work as a projectionist at the local cinema. After leaving school in 1932, he began working in the film industry at Wembley Studios as an unpaid gofer for Michael Powell, among others, eventually graduating to the positions of clapper boy and camera assistant on quota quickies. By his 20s, Morris was a camera operator, first at Wembley, and later at Elstree Studios.[2]

His career was interrupted by World War II, during which he served as a radio operator and navigator before becoming a bomber pilot with the Royal Air Force,[3][4][5] flying Lancaster bomber raids over Italy, France and Germany. He completed 30 operational tours before being transferred to Transport Command for the duration of the war. Prior to his discharge and the resumption of his career, Morris participated in the Berlin Airlift.[2] He achieved the rank of flight lieutenant and winning both the Distinguished Flying Cross and the Air Force Cross.[2][6][7]

After his war service, Morris worked at Pinewood Studios as an assistant to such people as Ronald Neame and David Lean at their company, Cineguild. He was the camera operator for Lean's Oliver Twist (1948). He first acted as director of photography on Golden Salamander (1950). Neame called Morris "probably the greatest cameraman in the world."[1]

Morris collaborated with director John Huston on eight films, beginning with Moulin Rouge (1952) and also including Moby Dick (1956). Although his previous experience with Technicolor had been limited, Morris devised many stylish effects for Moulin Rouge by employing diffused and filtered light, fog and bold color choices, and his innovations drew critical praise. For Moby Dick, Morris developed what David Peloquin has called a "retro-silvered pictorial" that "was designed to capture the look of nineteenth-century whaling prints with their muted colors and silver sheen."[8] Morris wrote in his autobiography that he and Huston wanted a "soft wash" effect "in which we would etch in the characters." To achieve this, in prints for the original release, colour was effectively printed over a black-and-white image using two negatives.[9] As cinematographer for John Osborne's The Entertainer (1960), his name was incorporated into the story in a scene in which a radio transmission mentions the fictional Sergeant Ossie Morris.

Morris received three nominations for the Academy Award for Best Cinematography for his work on the musicals Oliver! (1968), Fiddler on the Roof (1971) and The Wiz (1978), winning for Fiddler on the Roof. Morris' brother Reginald H. Morris was also a cinematographer based in Canada.[10]

Morris was a fellow of the Royal Photographic Society and was named an officer of the Order of the British Empire in 1998. He published his memoirs, Huston, We Have a Problem: A Kaleidoscope of Filmmaking Memories (ISBN 978-0810857063), in 2006. In his later years, Morris participated in a film course at Bournemouth University.[2]

Morris was married twice. His first marriage to the former Connie Sharp produced three children, Gillian, Christine and Roger. The marriage lasted from 1939 until she died in 1963.[11] In 1966, Morris married Lee Turner, a member of the continuity production staff on the Franco Zeffirelli film of The Taming of the Shrew (1967). This marriage lasted until she died in 2003.

Morris was among the interviewees in the book Conversations with Cinematographers by David A. Ellis.

Morris died on March 17, 2014, at the age of 98 at his home in Fontmell Magna, Dorset, England.[12] His survivors included his three children, 10 grandchildren, and 18 great-grandchildren.[2]

Honours[edit]

In June 2009, the recently completed central building of the National Film and Television School was officially named the Oswald Morris Building in his honour.

Additional credits[edit]

Awards and nominations[edit]

  • 1953 British Society of Cinematographers Golden Camera (Moulin Rouge, winner)
  • 1956 British Society of Cinematographers Golden Camera (Moby Dick, nominee)
  • 1965 BAFTA for Best British Cinematography, Black-and-White (The Pumpkin Eater, winner)
  • 1966 British Society of Cinematographers Golden Camera (The Spy Who Came in from the Cold, winner)
  • 1966 BAFTA for Best British Cinematography, Black-and-White (The Hill, winner)
  • 1967 British Society of Cinematographers Golden Camera (The Taming of the Shrew, winner)
  • 1967 BAFTA for Best British Cinematography, Black-and-White (The Spy Who Came in from the Cold, winner)
  • 1969 Academy Award for Best Cinematography (Oliver!, nominee)
  • 1971 British Society of Cinematographers Golden Camera (Fiddler on the Roof, winner)
  • 1972 Academy Award for Best Cinematography (Fiddler on the Roof, winner)
  • 1972 BAFTA for Best Cinematography (Fiddler on the Roof, nominee)
  • 1974 BAFTA for Best Cinematography (Sleuth, nominee)
  • 1976 BAFTA for Best Cinematography (The Man Who Would Be King, nominee)
  • 1979 Academy Award for Best Cinematography (The Wiz, nominee)
  • 1999 American Society of Cinematographers International Award (winner)

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b Sweet, Matthew (19 October 2003). "Ronald Neame (2003 interview at the National Film Theatre)". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 18 August 2006. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
  2. ^ a b c d e Oswald Morris obituary; Oscar-winning British cinematographer who worked on a wide range of film classics. Baxter, Brian. The Guardian. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
  3. ^ Oswald Morris, Oscar-winning cinematographer, dies at 98. The Washington Post via Internet Archive. Retrieved 30 July 2021.
  4. ^ Oswald Morris dies at 98; award-winning British cinematographer Los Angeles Times via Internet Archive. Retrieved 30 July 2021.
  5. ^ Oswald Morris, Artful Cinematographer, Is Dead at 98. The New York Times via Internet Archive. Retrieved 30 July 2021.
  6. ^ The Oscars Connection! Royal Air Force Museum. Retrieved 30 July 2021.
  7. ^ Great Cinematographers; Oswald Morris www.cinematographers.nl. Retrieved 30 July 2021.
  8. ^ Peloquin, David (June 2017). "John Huston's 1956 Film Moby Dick: A 60th-Anniversary Appreciation". Leviathan. 19 (2): 111–4. doi:10.1353/lvn.2017.0030. S2CID 149346554.
  9. ^ Morris, Oswald; Bull, Geoffrey (2006). Huston, We Have a Problem: A Kaleidoscope of Filmmaking Memories. Lanham, Maryland & Oxford, UK: Scarecrow Press. pp. 83–4. ISBN 9780810857063.
  10. ^ Dennis McLellan, "Oswald Morris, Oscar-winning cinematographer, dies at 98". Washington Post, 21 March 2014.
  11. ^ Hayward, Anthony (21 March 2014). "Oswald Morris: Cinematographer who developed a fruitful relationship with John Huston and worked on a host of classic films". The Independent. Archived from the original on 24 May 2022. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
  12. ^ "Oswald Morris dies at 98; award-winning British cinematographer". Los Angeles Times. 18 March 2014.

External links[edit]

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Oswald_Morris&oldid=1223405458"