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{{Short description|Provisional IRA attack against the Garda Síochána, 1976}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2024}}
{{Use Hiberno-English|date=February 2024}}
{{Infobox civilian attack
{{Infobox civilian attack
| title = Garryhinch ambush
| title = Garryhinch ambush
| partof = [[The Troubles]]
| partof = [[The Troubles]]
| image = File:Near Portarlington, County Laois - geograph.org.uk - 1815831.jpg
| image = File:Near Portarlington, County Laois - geograph.org.uk - 1815831.jpg
| caption = Laois-Offaly border where the ambush happened
| caption = Laois-Offaly border where the ambush happened
|map =
| map =
|lat =
| lat =
|long =
| long =
|marksize =
| marksize =
| location = Garryhinch, [[County Offaly]], [[Republic of Ireland]]
| location = Garryhinch, [[County Offaly]], [[Republic of Ireland|Ireland]]
| target =
| target =
| coordinates =
| coordinates = {{coord|54|39|43.2|N|6|57|28.8|W|region:GB_type:event|display=inline,title}}
| date = 16 October 1976
| date = 16 October 1976
| time =
| time =
| timezone = UTC
| timezone = UTC
| type = [[booby-trap|Booby-Trap Bomb]]
| type = [[booby-trap|Booby-Trap Bomb]]
| weapons =
| weapons =
| fatalities = 1 [[Garda Síochána]] killed
| fatalities = One [[Garda Síochána|Garda]] killed
| injuries = 4 [[Garda Síochána]] badly injured
| injuries = Four Gardaí badly injured
| perp = [[Provisional Irish Republican Army]] (IRA)
| perp = [[Provisional Irish Republican Army]] (IRA)
}}
}}
{{Campaignbox Northern Ireland Troubles|state=collapsed}}
{{Campaignbox Northern Ireland Troubles|state=collapsed}}
On 16 October 1976 a bomb planted in a farmhouse at Garryhinch on the [[County Laois]]-[[County Offaly]] border in the [[Republic of Ireland]] exploded in an ambush of [[Garda Síochána]] officers by the [[Provisional IRA]]. [[Garda]] Michael Clerkin was killed in the blast and four other Gardaí at the scene were badly wounded.<ref>'Victims receive bravery medal 40 years after Garryhinch bomb', 'Laois Today', 8 December 2017. https://www.laoistoday.ie/2017/12/08/victims-receive-bravery-medals-40-years-garryhinch-bomb/</ref> The incident was one of the few occasions during the [[The Troubles|paramilitary war in Northern Ireland]] when police officers in the Republic of Ireland were deliberately targeted.<ref>'R.T.E. got it wrong in the Clerkin case - I know because I was there', 'Herald.i.e.', 26 August 2009.</ref>
The '''Garryhinch ambush''' was a surprise attack on the [[Garda Síochána]] by the [[Provisional IRA]] on 16 October 1976. A bomb planted by the IRA in a farmhouse at Garryhinch on the [[County Laois]]-[[County Offaly]] border in the [[Republic of Ireland]] was detonated.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2017-11-13 |title=Gardai in IRA ambush that left one dead are honoured for bravery, 41 years later |url=https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/republic-of-ireland/gardai-in-ira-ambush-that-left-one-dead-are-honoured-for-bravery-41-years-later/36312960.html |access-date=2024-03-07 |work=BelfastTelegraph.co.uk |language=en-GB |issn=0307-1235}}</ref> Garda Michael Clerkin was killed in the blast, and four other Gardaí at the scene were badly wounded.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Power |first=David |date=2017-12-08 |title=Victims receive bravery medals 40 years after Garryhinch bomb |url=https://www.laoistoday.ie/2017/12/08/victims-receive-bravery-medals-40-years-garryhinch-bomb/ |access-date=2024-03-07 |website=Laois Today |language=en-GB}}</ref> The incident was one of the few occasions during [[The Troubles]] when police officers in the Republic of Ireland were deliberately targeted.<ref>'R.T.E. got it wrong about the Clerkin case - I know because I was there', 'Herald.ie.', 26 August 2009. http://www.herald.ie/opinion/columnists/gerry-ocarroll/rte-got-it-wrong-about-the-clerkin-case-and-i-know-because-i-was-there-27922536.html</ref>


==Bombing==
==Ambush==
On the night of 16 October 1976 the Gardaí received an anonymous telephone call stating that IRA members were at a vacant farm at Garryhinch, near [[Portarlington, County Laois]], engaged in activity connected with a plot to target a local [[Fine Gael]] [[Teachta Dála|TD]] and Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister of Defence, [[Oliver J. Flanagan]]. Clerkin with four fellow Gardaí (Detective Tom Peters, Sergeant Jim Cannon, Detective Ben Thornton, and Gerry Bohan)<ref>Profile of Garda Michael Clerkin, Garda Siochana website (2017). http://www.garda.ie/en/About-Us/Our-History/Roll-of-Honour/Roll-of-Honour-description/Clerkin-Michael-Augustine.html</ref> were dispatched from Portarlington Garda Station to investigate the report.<ref>'Gardai blown up in IRA attack in Offlay that killed colleague to be honoured for bravery today', 'Offaly Express', 8 December 2017. http://www.offalyexpress.ie/news/home/286134/gardai-blown-up-in-ira-attack-in-offlay-that-killed-a-colleague-to-be-honoured-in-offaly-today.html</ref> However, the telephone call was bogus and was from the IRA itself, aimed at luring Garda officers to the farmhouse as a part of a planned ambush by the organization against the Irish Government in retaliation for its institution of the 'Emergency Powers Act' (1976), which passed into Irish Statute that same night, aimed at combating escalating paramilitary activity in the [[Republic of Ireland]] associated with the IRA's newly opened [[The Troubles|terrorist war in Ulster against the United Kingdom]].<ref>[http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1976/act/33/enacted/en/html Emergency Powers Act enacted]</ref>
On the night of 16 October 1976, the Gardaí received an anonymous telephone call stating that Provisional IRA members were at a vacant farm at Garryhinch, near [[Portarlington, County Laois]], engaged in activity connected with a plot to target a local [[Fine Gael]] [[Teachta Dála|TD]] and Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister of Defence, [[Oliver J. Flanagan]]. Garda (equivalent rank to [[constable]] in other police forces) Clerkin and four fellow Gardaí (Detective Garda Tom Peters, Sergeant Jim Cannon, Detective Garda Ben Thornton, and Garda Gerry Bohan)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Clerkin, Michael Augustine |url=https://www.garda.ie/en/about-us/our-history/roll-of-honour/roll-of-honour-description/clerkin-michael-augustine.html |access-date=2024-03-07 |website=Garda |language=en}}</ref> were dispatched from Portarlington Garda Station to investigate the report.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ganly |first=Conor |title=Gardaí blown up in IRA attack in Offaly that killed a colleague to be honoured for bravery today |url=https://www.offalyexpress.ie/news/home/286134/gardai-blown-up-in-ira-attack-in-offaly-that-killed-a-colleague-to-be-honoured-for-bravery-today.html |access-date=2024-03-07 |website=www.offalyexpress.ie |language=en}}</ref> However, the telephone call was bogus and was from the IRA itself, aimed at luring Garda officers to the farmhouse as a part of a planned ambush by the organisation against the Irish Government in retaliation for its institution of the 'Emergency Powers Act' (1976), which passed into Irish Statute that same night, aimed at combating escalating paramilitary activity within the [[Republic of Ireland]] associated with the IRA's [[Provisional Irish Republican Army campaign|armed campaign]].<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=electronic Irish Statute Book (eISB) |url=https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1976/act/33/enacted/en/html |access-date=2024-03-07 |website=www.irishstatutebook.ie |language=en}}</ref><ref>'R.T.E got it wrong about the Clerkin case - I know because I was there', 'Herald.ie', 26 August 2009</ref>


Arriving at the farmhouse the Garda team found it apparently unoccupied, with no one in the vicinity and its front door locked.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2049680/McGuiness-nerve-run-say-family-young-garda-blown-IRA-murderers.html McGuiness has some nerve to run, say family of young Garda blown up by IRA murderers] ''Daily Mail'', 16 October 2011.</ref> Clerkin entered the premises via an open rear window, and moving through the building finding it to be apparently deserted, opened the front door from within to admit his colleagues. The door was [[booby-trap|booby-trapped]] with a [[bomb]], housed in a large used propane gas cylinder which had been dug into the ground beneath the floorboards of the farmhouse's entrance doorway, which was triggered and detonated upon the door being opened, killing Clerkin standing directly above instantly. On the building's outside all the other Garda team were also caught in the blast, Detective Peters being permanently blinded and deafened, and Gardas Cannon, Thornton, and Bohan also being wounded, the quantity of explosive utilized being of sufficient power to demolish the building.<ref>[http://www.rte.ie/tv/gardaarlar/09prog4.html ''Garda ar La''], R.T.E.1, Programme 4, 'Garda Michael Clerkin', 9 February 2009.</ref> Clerkin was in his 25th year.
Garda Clerkin, despite being an ordinary uniformed and unarmed garda, entered the premises via an open rear window, and moved through the building finding it to be apparently deserted; he opened the front door from within to admit his colleagues. The door was [[booby-trap]]ped with a [[bomb]], housed in a large used [[propane gas]] cylinder which had been dug into the ground beneath the floorboards of the farmhouse's entrance doorway, which was triggered and detonated upon the door being opened, killing Clerkin standing directly above instantly. On the building's outside, the rest of the Garda team were also caught in the blast, Detective Garda Peters being permanently blinded and deafened, and Det. Gda. Cannon, Det. Gda. Thornton and Garda Bohan also being wounded, the quantity of explosives utilised being of sufficient power to demolish the building.<ref>[http://www.rte.ie/tv/gardaarlar/09prog4.html ''Garda ar La''], R.T.E.1, Programme 4, 'Garda Michael Clerkin', 9 February 2009.</ref> Clerkin was in his 25th year.


==Aftermath==
==Aftermath==
The incident triggered a political crisis between the executive and [[President of Ireland|President]] [[Cearbhall Ó Dálaigh]], prompted by his earlier referring of the Emergency Powers bill to the [[Supreme Court of Ireland|Supreme Court]]. The Minister for Defense at the time, [[Paddy Donegan]], called [[Excellency|His Excellency]] a "thundering disgrace".<ref>Don Lavery, correspondent for the ''[[Westmeath Examiner]]'', [http://www.rte.ie/news/2006/1022/thisweek.html RTE This Week, 22 October 2006] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070504054734/http://www.rte.ie/news/2006/1022/thisweek.html|date=4 May 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Lavery |first=Don |date=6 January 2007 |title=My part in downfall of a President over the 'thundering disgrace' debacle |newspaper=Irish Independent |url=http://www.independent.ie/national-news/my-part-in-downfall-of-a-president-over-the-thundering-disgrace-debacle-58050.html |url-status=live |access-date=18 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121017145324/http://www.independent.ie/national-news/my-part-in-downfall-of-a-president-over-the-thundering-disgrace-debacle-58050.html |archive-date=17 October 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=O'Toole |first1=John |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EeX4AwAAQBAJ&q=don+lavery+westmeath+examiner&pg=PT121 |title=Irish Government Today |last2=Dooney |first2=Sean |date=24 July 2009 |publisher=Gill & Macmillan Ltd. |isbn=9780717155347 |access-date=25 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210912120407/https://books.google.com/books?id=EeX4AwAAQBAJ&q=don+lavery+westmeath+examiner&pg=PT121 |archive-date=12 September 2021 |url-status=live |via=Google Books}}</ref> President Ó Dálaigh resigned on 22 October "to protect the dignity and independence of the presidency as an institution".<ref name="lee">Joseph Lee, ''Ireland, 1912–1985: Politics and Society'', Cambridge University Press, 1989, {{ISBN|0-521-37741-2}} p. 482</ref>
⚫
The remains of Clerkin's shattered body were buried at Latlurcan Cemetery in his hometown of [[Monaghan]].<ref>19 October 2016, 'Buried alive Garda remembers miracle escape from fatal IRA bomb', 'The News Letter' (Pub. Belfast) https://www.newsletter.co.uk/news/buried-alive-garda-remembers-miracle-escape-from-fatal-ira-bomb-1-7634730</ref>
⚫
Although there were a number of arrests by the Garda in an intensive search across the Laois-Offaly district for the perpetrators of the ambush, which resulted in a signed confession from a prime suspect, no one has ever been convicted or brought to trial for it.<ref>Gerry O'Carroll, [http://www.herald.ie/opinion/columnists.gerryocarroll/rte-got-it-wrong-about-the-clerkin-case-i-know-because-i-was-there-27922536.html "RTE got it wrong about the Clerkin case - I know because I was there".]{{dead link|date=June 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 'Herald.ie.' 26 August 2009.</ref>


⚫
The remains of Garda Michael Augustine Clerkin's body were buried at Latlurcan Cemetery in his hometown of [[Monaghan]] in the north of [[County Monaghan]].<ref>19 October 2016, 'Buried alive Garda remembers miracle escape from fatal IRA bomb', 'The News Letter' (Pub. Belfast) https://www.newsletter.co.uk/news/buried-alive-garda-remembers-miracle-escape-from-fatal-ira-bomb-1-7634730</ref>
The survivors of the attack received the Liddy Medal from the ''Garda Síochána Retired Members Association'', awarded for bravery in the line of duty to retired Gardaí officers.


⚫
Although there were a number of arrests by the Garda in an intensive search across the Laois-Offaly district for the perpetrators of the ambush, which resulted in a signed confession from a prime suspect, no one has ever been convicted or brought to trial for it.<ref>Gerry O'Carroll, [http://www.herald.ie/opinion/columnists/gerryocarroll/rte-got-it-wrong-about-the-clerkin-case-i-know-because-i-was-there-27922536.html 'RTE got it wrong about the Clerkin case - I know because I was there', 'Herald.ie.' 26 August 2009.]</ref>
⚫
A memorial mass for Clerkin on the 40th anniversary of the attack was held in Portarlington on 16 October 2016.<ref>'I want Adams to apologize for the I.R.A. bomb that killed my friend, says Garda.' 'The Independent.ie', 19 October 2016. http://www.independent.ie/irish-news/i-want-adams-to-apologise-for-ira-bomb-that-killed-friend-says-garda-35142610.html</ref>


⚫
A memorial Mass for Clerkin on the 40th anniversary of the attack was held in Portarlington on 16 October 2016.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-10-19 |title=I want Adams to apologise for IRA bomb that killed friend, says garda |url=https://www.independent.ie/irish-news/i-want-adams-to-apologise-for-ira-bomb-that-killed-friend-says-garda/35142610.html |access-date=2024-03-07 |website=Independent.ie |language=en}}</ref>
⚫
Michael Clerkin was awarded the Garda's ''[[Scott Medal]]'' posthumously on 8 December 2017 in a ceremony at the Garda Training College at [[Templemore]].<ref>'Gardai honoured for bravery 41 years after IRA ambush','The Irish News', 9 December 2017 https://www.irishnews.com/news/northernirelandnews/2017/12/09/news/gardai-honoured-for-bravery-41-years-after-ira-ambush-1206825/</ref> A memorial plaque was erected to his memory in his home town of Monaghan in June 2018.<ref>'Plaque unveiled to remember Garda Michael Clerkin, 'Northern Sound' Radio, 13 June 2018. http://www.northernsound.ie/plaque-unveiled-remember-garda-michael-clerkin/</ref>

⚫
Michael Clerkin was awarded the Garda's ''[[Scott Medal]]'' posthumously on 8 December 2017 in a ceremony at the [[Garda Síochána College]] at [[McCan Barracks]] in [[Templemore]], [[County Tipperary]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-12-09 |title=Gardaí honoured for bravery 41 years after IRA ambush |url=https://www.irishnews.com/news/northernirelandnews/2017/12/09/news/gardai-honoured-for-bravery-41-years-after-ira-ambush-1206825/ |access-date=2024-03-07 |website=The Irish News |language=en}}</ref> A memorial plaque was erected to his memory in his home town of Monaghan in June 2018.<ref>'Plaque unveiled to remember Garda Michael Clerkin, 'Northern Sound' Radio, 13 June 2018. http://www.northernsound.ie/plaque-unveiled-remember-garda-michael-clerkin/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180704035357/http://www.northernsound.ie/plaque-unveiled-remember-garda-michael-clerkin/ |date=4 July 2018 }}</ref>


==See also==
==See also==
Line 56: Line 59:
[[Category:Improvised explosive device bombings in the Republic of Ireland]]
[[Category:Improvised explosive device bombings in the Republic of Ireland]]
[[Category:Provisional Irish Republican Army actions]]
[[Category:Provisional Irish Republican Army actions]]
⚫
[[Category:1976 in Ireland]]
⚫
[[Category:Conflicts in 1976]]
[[Category:Terrorism deaths in the Republic of Ireland]]
[[Category:Terrorism deaths in the Republic of Ireland]]
[[Category:Terrorism in Ireland]]
[[Category:Terrorist incidents in Europe in 1976]]
[[Category:Terrorist incidents in 1976]]
[[Category:History of County Laois]]
[[Category:History of County Laois]]
[[Category:October 1976 events]]
[[Category:October 1976 events in Europe]]
[[Category:Ambushes]]
[[Category:Ambushes in Ireland]]
⚫
[[Category:1976 in the Republic of Ireland]]
⚫
[[Category:1970s disasters in Ireland]]
[[Category:Improvised explosive device bombings in 1976]]

Latest revision as of 19:45, 20 May 2024

Garryhinch ambush
Part of The Troubles
Laois-Offaly border where the ambush happened
LocationGarryhinch, County Offaly, Ireland
Date16 October 1976 (UTC)
Attack type
Booby-Trap Bomb
DeathsOne Garda killed
InjuredFour Gardaí badly injured
PerpetratorProvisional Irish Republican Army (IRA)

The Garryhinch ambush was a surprise attack on the Garda Síochána by the Provisional IRA on 16 October 1976. A bomb planted by the IRA in a farmhouse at Garryhinch on the County Laois-County Offaly border in the Republic of Ireland was detonated.[1] Garda Michael Clerkin was killed in the blast, and four other Gardaí at the scene were badly wounded.[2] The incident was one of the few occasions during The Troubles when police officers in the Republic of Ireland were deliberately targeted.[3]

Ambush

[edit]

On the night of 16 October 1976, the Gardaí received an anonymous telephone call stating that Provisional IRA members were at a vacant farm at Garryhinch, near Portarlington, County Laois, engaged in activity connected with a plot to target a local Fine Gael TD and Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister of Defence, Oliver J. Flanagan. Garda (equivalent rank to constable in other police forces) Clerkin and four fellow Gardaí (Detective Garda Tom Peters, Sergeant Jim Cannon, Detective Garda Ben Thornton, and Garda Gerry Bohan)[4] were dispatched from Portarlington Garda Station to investigate the report.[5] However, the telephone call was bogus and was from the IRA itself, aimed at luring Garda officers to the farmhouse as a part of a planned ambush by the organisation against the Irish Government in retaliation for its institution of the 'Emergency Powers Act' (1976), which passed into Irish Statute that same night, aimed at combating escalating paramilitary activity within the Republic of Ireland associated with the IRA's armed campaign.[6][7]

Garda Clerkin, despite being an ordinary uniformed and unarmed garda, entered the premises via an open rear window, and moved through the building finding it to be apparently deserted; he opened the front door from within to admit his colleagues. The door was booby-trapped with a bomb, housed in a large used propane gas cylinder which had been dug into the ground beneath the floorboards of the farmhouse's entrance doorway, which was triggered and detonated upon the door being opened, killing Clerkin standing directly above instantly. On the building's outside, the rest of the Garda team were also caught in the blast, Detective Garda Peters being permanently blinded and deafened, and Det. Gda. Cannon, Det. Gda. Thornton and Garda Bohan also being wounded, the quantity of explosives utilised being of sufficient power to demolish the building.[8] Clerkin was in his 25th year.

Aftermath

[edit]

The incident triggered a political crisis between the executive and President Cearbhall Ó Dálaigh, prompted by his earlier referring of the Emergency Powers bill to the Supreme Court. The Minister for Defense at the time, Paddy Donegan, called His Excellency a "thundering disgrace".[9][10][11] President Ó Dálaigh resigned on 22 October "to protect the dignity and independence of the presidency as an institution".[12]

The remains of Garda Michael Augustine Clerkin's body were buried at Latlurcan Cemetery in his hometown of Monaghan in the north of County Monaghan.[13]

Although there were a number of arrests by the Garda in an intensive search across the Laois-Offaly district for the perpetrators of the ambush, which resulted in a signed confession from a prime suspect, no one has ever been convicted or brought to trial for it.[14]

A memorial Mass for Clerkin on the 40th anniversary of the attack was held in Portarlington on 16 October 2016.[15]

Michael Clerkin was awarded the Garda's Scott Medal posthumously on 8 December 2017 in a ceremony at the Garda Síochána College at McCan Barracks in Templemore, County Tipperary.[16] A memorial plaque was erected to his memory in his home town of Monaghan in June 2018.[17]

See also

[edit]

Sources

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Gardai in IRA ambush that left one dead are honoured for bravery, 41 years later". BelfastTelegraph.co.uk. 13 November 2017. ISSN 0307-1235. Retrieved 7 March 2024.
  2. ^ Power, David (8 December 2017). "Victims receive bravery medals 40 years after Garryhinch bomb". Laois Today. Retrieved 7 March 2024.
  3. ^ 'R.T.E. got it wrong about the Clerkin case - I know because I was there', 'Herald.ie.', 26 August 2009. http://www.herald.ie/opinion/columnists/gerry-ocarroll/rte-got-it-wrong-about-the-clerkin-case-and-i-know-because-i-was-there-27922536.html
  4. ^ "Clerkin, Michael Augustine". Garda. Retrieved 7 March 2024.
  5. ^ Ganly, Conor. "Gardaí blown up in IRA attack in Offaly that killed a colleague to be honoured for bravery today". www.offalyexpress.ie. Retrieved 7 March 2024.
  6. ^ "electronic Irish Statute Book (eISB)". www.irishstatutebook.ie. Retrieved 7 March 2024.
  7. ^ 'R.T.E got it wrong about the Clerkin case - I know because I was there', 'Herald.ie', 26 August 2009
  8. ^ Garda ar La, R.T.E.1, Programme 4, 'Garda Michael Clerkin', 9 February 2009.
  9. ^ Don Lavery, correspondent for the Westmeath Examiner, RTE This Week, 22 October 2006 Archived 4 May 2007 at the Wayback Machine
  10. ^ Lavery, Don (6 January 2007). "My part in downfall of a President over the 'thundering disgrace' debacle". Irish Independent. Archived from the original on 17 October 2012. Retrieved 18 November 2011.
  11. ^ O'Toole, John; Dooney, Sean (24 July 2009). Irish Government Today. Gill & Macmillan Ltd. ISBN 9780717155347. Archived from the original on 12 September 2021. Retrieved 25 November 2020 – via Google Books.
  12. ^ Joseph Lee, Ireland, 1912–1985: Politics and Society, Cambridge University Press, 1989, ISBN 0-521-37741-2 p. 482
  13. ^ 19 October 2016, 'Buried alive Garda remembers miracle escape from fatal IRA bomb', 'The News Letter' (Pub. Belfast) https://www.newsletter.co.uk/news/buried-alive-garda-remembers-miracle-escape-from-fatal-ira-bomb-1-7634730
  14. ^ Gerry O'Carroll, 'RTE got it wrong about the Clerkin case - I know because I was there', 'Herald.ie.' 26 August 2009.
  15. ^ "I want Adams to apologise for IRA bomb that killed friend, says garda". Independent.ie. 19 October 2016. Retrieved 7 March 2024.
  16. ^ "Gardaí honoured for bravery 41 years after IRA ambush". The Irish News. 9 December 2017. Retrieved 7 March 2024.
  17. ^ 'Plaque unveiled to remember Garda Michael Clerkin, 'Northern Sound' Radio, 13 June 2018. http://www.northernsound.ie/plaque-unveiled-remember-garda-michael-clerkin/ Archived 4 July 2018 at the Wayback Machine
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