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{{Short description|Turkish musical artist (1912–1985)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2023}}
{{more citations needed|date=December 2018}}
{{Infobox musical artist <!-- See Wikipedia:WikiProject Musicians -->
{{Infobox musical artist <!-- See Wikipedia:WikiProject Musicians -->
| name = Ruhi Su
| name = Ruhi Su
Line 4: Line 7:
| caption = Ruhi Su at a festival in 1979
| caption = Ruhi Su at a festival in 1979
| background = solo_singer
| background = solo_singer
| birth_name =
| alias =
| alias =
| birth_place =
| birth_name = Mehmet Ruhi Su
| birth_date = 20 October 1912
| birth_date = 1912
| death_place =
| death_place = [[Istanbul]], Turkey
| death_date = 20 September {{death year and age|1985|1912}}
| death_date = {{death year and age|1985|1912}}
| origin = [[Van, Turkey|Van]], [[Ottoman Empire]]
| birth_place = [[Van, Turkey|Van]], [[Ottoman Empire]]
| instrument = [[Bağlama]]
| instrument = [[Bağlama]]
| genre = [[Turkish folk music]]
| genre = [[Turkish folk music]]
| occupation = [[Singer-songwriter]]
| occupation = Singer-songwriter
| years_active = 1942–1985
| years_active = 1942–1985
| label = İmece Plakları (1971-1985)
| label = İmece Plakları (1971–1985)
| associated_acts =
| associated_acts =
| website =
| website =
| notable_instruments =
}}
}}
'''Mehmet Ruhi Su''' (1912 – 20 September 1985) was a Turkish [[opera singer]], [[Turkish folk music|Turkish folk singer]] and [[baglama|saz]] [[virtuoso]] of probable [[Armenians|Armenian]]<ref>[http://www.radikal.com.tr/kultur/100_yasinda_bir_dev_ruhi_su-1087386 100 yaşında bir dev: Ruhi Su]. [[Radikal]]. 5 September 2012. Retrieved 30 October 2013</ref><ref>[http://www.turkeytravelbazaar.com/information/van.html Van Information]. Turkey Travel Bazaar. Retrieved 30 October 2013</ref><ref name="etha">[http://www.etha.com.tr/Haber/2010/09/21/kultur-sanat/bir-devrimci-ozanruhi-su/ Ruhi Su ölümünün 25. yılında anıldı]. Etkin Haber Ajansı. 21 September 2010. Retrieved 31 October 2013</ref> origin.

'''Mehmet Ruhi Su''' (20 October 1912 – 20 September 1985) was a [[Turkey|Turkish]] [[opera singer]], [[Turkish folk music|Turkish folk singer]] and [[baglama|saz]] [[virtuoso]] of probable [[Armenians|Armenian]]<ref>[http://www.radikal.com.tr/kultur/100_yasinda_bir_dev_ruhi_su-1087386 100 yaşında bir dev: Ruhi Su]. [[Radikal]]. 5 September 2012. Retrieved 30 October 2013</ref><ref>[http://www.turkeytravelbazaar.com/information/van.html Van Information]. Turkey Travel Bazaar. Retrieved 30 October 2013</ref><ref name="etha">[http://www.etha.com.tr/Haber/2010/09/21/kultur-sanat/bir-devrimci-ozanruhi-su/ Ruhi Su ölümünün 25. yılında anıldı]. Etkin Haber Ajansı. 21 September 2010. Retrieved 31 October 2013</ref> origin.


==Early life==
==Early life==
Mehmet Ruhi Su was born 1912 in [[Van, Turkey|Van]].<ref name="etha"/> He later expressed his situation: "He is one of the children desolated by the [[World War I]]." After he lost his family during World War I at a very early age,<ref name="etha"/> he was taken from Van to [[Adana]] and given to a childless poor family.<ref>[http://www.bianet.org/bianet/siyaset/101948-ruhi-su-anildi Ruhi Su Anıldı]. [[Bianet]]. 24 September 2007. Retrieved 31 October 2013</ref> After living with the family, he was taken to [[Adana Dârüleytâm|Dârüleytâm]], an orphanage that was built in Adana for the Armenian orphans.<ref>[http://bianet.org/biamag/sanat/138467-ruhi-su-yuzyillik-oyku Ruhi Su. Yüzyıllık öykü] [[Bianet]]. 19 May 2012. Retrieved 17 January 2020</ref>

Mehmet Ruhi Su was born 1912 in [[Van]].<ref name="etha"/> He later expressed his situation: "He is one of the children desolated by the [[World War I]]." After he lost his family during World War I at a very early age,<ref name="etha"/> he was taken from Van to [[Adana]] and given to a childless poor family.<ref>[http://www.bianet.org/bianet/siyaset/101948-ruhi-su-anildi Ruhi Su Anıldı]. [[Bianet]]. 24 September 2007. Retrieved 31 October 2013</ref>


He graduated from the [[Kuleli Military High School]] in 1931.
He graduated from the [[Kuleli Military High School]] in 1931.


==Musical background==
==Musical background==
He started playing violin at the age of ten. In 1936 he graduated from the Teacher's School of Music and in 1942 from the Opera Department of State Conservatory in [[Ankara]]. The following ten years, he performed at the State Opera in Ankara as a celebrated [[bass baritone]], appearing in operas such as ''[[Madame Butterfly]]'', ''[[Fidelio]]'', ''[[Tosca]]'' and ''[[Rigoletto]]''. During his contemporary music education, he also studied [[Turkish folk music]] and consequently made regular radio programs, playing [[baglama|saz]] and singing folk songs, while he worked at the opera.

He started playing [[violin]] at the age of ten. In 1936 he graduated from the Teacher's School of Music and in 1942 from the Opera Department of State Conservatory in [[Ankara]]. The following ten years, he performed at the State Opera in Ankara as a celebrated [[bass baritone]], appearing in operas such as ''[[Madame Butterfly]]'', ''[[Fidelio]]'', ''[[Tosca]]'' and ''[[Rigoletto]]''. During his contemporary music education, he also studied [[Turkish folk music]] and consequently made regular radio programs, playing [[baglama|saz]] and singing folk songs, while he worked at the opera.


==Political arrest==
==Political arrest==

In 1952 he was arrested, accused of being a member of the banned [[Communist Party of Turkey (historical)|Turkish Communist Party]], and [[imprisonment]] for five years, which ended his career in the opera. After serving his sentence for a "thought crime", he dedicated himself to folk music in his unique way.
In 1952 he was arrested, accused of being a member of the banned [[Communist Party of Turkey (historical)|Turkish Communist Party]], and [[imprisonment]] for five years, which ended his career in the opera. After serving his sentence for a "thought crime", he dedicated himself to folk music in his unique way.


==Folk studies==
==Folk studies==
While he roamed all over [[Anatolia]] from one village to another, he started compiling numerous folk songs. Ruhi Su combined his efforts of creating a national awareness of the rich Anatolian culture with his compositions based on texts of [[Sufi]] poets [[Yunus Emre]] and [[Pir Sultan Abdal]] and other Anatolian poets like Köroğlu (see [[Epic of Köroğlu]]), [[Karacaoğlan]], and [[Dadaloğlu]].

While he roamed all over [[Anatolia]] from one village to another, he started compiling numerous folk songs. Then, he rearranged and performed them using western techniques. His western music career formed the basis of his approach to interpreting and performing traditional Turkish music. He argued that the authentic music should not be imitated as it is found locally but rather elabrorated into a national music with the enriching support of the international music, perceiving it as a contemporary of [[Atahualpa Yupanqui]] and [[Pete Seeger]].

Ruhi Su combined his efforts of creating a national awareness of the rich Anatolian culture with his compositions based on texts of [[Sufi]] poets [[Yunus Emre]] and [[Pir Sultan Abdal]] and other Anatolian poets like Köroğlu (see [[Epic of Köroğlu]]), [[Karacaoğlan]], and [[Dadaloğlu]].

==Choir effort==

He established and trained a choir in the 1970s and conducted them in many concerts and recordings. The Friends Choir (Dostlar Korosu) that he established in 1975 continues to keep his voice, his music of the heart and his songs alive.

==Views==
His approach in bringing forth the ignored suffering of the oppressed and his love of humankind in his musical work has gained a great respect and support from his audience and had a deep effect on many musicians, who paved the path to a more open-minded society.

He told people's longings in their own language and he conveyed the fire in their heart to everyone and the society with his instrument and his avid voice throughout his life, he was considered dangerous and treacherous. He loved his people in a way unsuitable to government. Because he was a socialist and the cold war began. It was different then. People who saw and spoke of 40 years ago, what everyone sees and tells today were considered dangerous and treacherous. The laws and the mechanisms of Cold War grinded those who adopted a socialist outlook of life. Though dangerous and treacherous, Ruhi Su was not alone. Ruhi Su was a member of Turkish Workers Party (TİP). He married Sidika Su during his 5 years in prison. He became a father in exile.


==Death==
==Death==
[[File:Ruhi su mezar taşı.JPG|thumb|300px|Gravestone of Ruhi Su at [[Zincirlikuyu Cemetery]], Istanbul]]
[[File:Ruhi su mezar taşı.JPG|thumb|300px|Gravestone of Ruhi Su at [[Zincirlikuyu Cemetery]], Istanbul]]
Ruhi Su died on 20 September 1985 and was buried at the [[Zincirlikuyu Cemetery]] in [[Istanbul]]. His wife Sıdıka Su died on 18 October 2006. His son Ilgin Ruhi Su lives in Istanbul.<ref>http://www.bianet.org/2006/10/18/86723.htm</ref> In 2009, his gravestone was shot by unknown parties.<ref>http://www.sabah.com.tr/Yasam/2009/07/10/ruhi_sunun_anit_mezarina_saldiri {{tr}}</ref>
Ruhi Su died of prostate cancer on 20 September 1985 and was buried at the [[Zincirlikuyu Cemetery]] in [[Istanbul]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Odatv |date=2019-05-15 |title=40 yıl önce aynı hikaye... "Bu memleketin geni bu" |url=https://www.odatv.com/yazarlar/hakan-erol/40-yil-once-ayni-hikaye-bu-memleketin-geni-bu-161305 |access-date=2024-06-09 |website=Odatv |language=tr}}</ref> His wife Sıdıka Su died on 18 October 2006. His son Ilgin Ruhi Su lives in Istanbul.<ref>[http://www.bianet.org/2006/10/18/86723.htm Bianet] 18 October 2006 {{dead link|date=January 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> In 2009, his gravestone was shot by unknown parties.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sabah.com.tr/yasam/ruhi_sunun_anit_mezarina_saldiri-1279468|title=Ruhi Su'nun anıt mezarına saldırı|work=Sabah}}</ref>


== Albums ==
== Albums ==
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#(1972) ''Karacaoğlan''
#(1972) ''Karacaoğlan''
#(1972) ''Pir Sultan Abdal''
#(1972) ''Pir Sultan Abdal''
#(1974) ''Şiirler - Türküler''
#(1974) ''Şiirler Türküler''
#(1974) ''Köroğlu''
#(1974) ''Köroğlu''
#(1977) ''El Kapıları''
#(1977) ''El Kapıları''
Line 91: Line 76:
==Notes==
==Notes==


*Ahmet Günlük 1990 HITEK Traditional Turkish Folk Music Through The Centuries - [http://turkishconnection.com/cdoffer.htm Ruhi Su performs Sufi Hymns by Yunus Emre and Pir Sultan Abdal]
*Ahmet Günlük 1990 HITEK Traditional Turkish Folk Music Through The Centuries [http://turkishconnection.com/cdoffer.htm Ruhi Su performs Sufi Hymns by Yunus Emre and Pir Sultan Abdal]


==External links==
==External links==
* Ruhi Su ile Birlikte Kırk Yıl: Sıdıka Su - [http://www.bianet.org/2006/10/20/86742.htm ''web page''] {{tr icon}}
* Ruhi Su ile Birlikte Kırk Yıl: Sıdıka Su [http://www.bianet.org/2006/10/20/86742.htm ''web page''] {{in lang|tr}}


{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}
Line 103: Line 88:
[[Category:Burials at Zincirlikuyu Cemetery]]
[[Category:Burials at Zincirlikuyu Cemetery]]
[[Category:Turkish folk poets]]
[[Category:Turkish folk poets]]
[[Category:Turkish male singers]]
[[Category:20th-century Turkish male opera singers]]
[[Category:Turkish opera singers]]
[[Category:Turkish Marxists]]
[[Category:Turkish Marxists]]
[[Category:Turkish atheists]]
[[Category:Deaths from prostate cancer in Turkey]]
[[Category:Turkish people of Armenian descent]]
[[Category:People from Van, Turkey]]
[[Category:20th-century opera singers]]

Latest revision as of 23:44, 9 June 2024

Ruhi Su
Ruhi Su at a festival in 1979
Ruhi Su at a festival in 1979
Background information
Birth nameMehmet Ruhi Su
Born1912
Van, Ottoman Empire
Died1985 (aged 72–73)
Istanbul, Turkey
GenresTurkish folk music
Occupation(s)Singer-songwriter
InstrumentBağlama
Years active1942–1985
Labelsİmece Plakları (1971–1985)

Mehmet Ruhi Su (1912 – 20 September 1985) was a Turkish opera singer, Turkish folk singer and saz virtuoso of probable Armenian[1][2][3] origin.

Early life

[edit]

Mehmet Ruhi Su was born 1912 in Van.[3] He later expressed his situation: "He is one of the children desolated by the World War I." After he lost his family during World War I at a very early age,[3] he was taken from Van to Adana and given to a childless poor family.[4] After living with the family, he was taken to Dârüleytâm, an orphanage that was built in Adana for the Armenian orphans.[5]

He graduated from the Kuleli Military High School in 1931.

Musical background

[edit]

He started playing violin at the age of ten. In 1936 he graduated from the Teacher's School of Music and in 1942 from the Opera Department of State Conservatory in Ankara. The following ten years, he performed at the State Opera in Ankara as a celebrated bass baritone, appearing in operas such as Madame Butterfly, Fidelio, Tosca and Rigoletto. During his contemporary music education, he also studied Turkish folk music and consequently made regular radio programs, playing saz and singing folk songs, while he worked at the opera.

Political arrest

[edit]

In 1952 he was arrested, accused of being a member of the banned Turkish Communist Party, and imprisonment for five years, which ended his career in the opera. After serving his sentence for a "thought crime", he dedicated himself to folk music in his unique way.

Folk studies

[edit]

While he roamed all over Anatolia from one village to another, he started compiling numerous folk songs. Ruhi Su combined his efforts of creating a national awareness of the rich Anatolian culture with his compositions based on texts of Sufi poets Yunus Emre and Pir Sultan Abdal and other Anatolian poets like Köroğlu (see Epic of Köroğlu), Karacaoğlan, and Dadaloğlu.

Death

[edit]
Gravestone of Ruhi Su at Zincirlikuyu Cemetery, Istanbul

Ruhi Su died of prostate cancer on 20 September 1985 and was buried at the Zincirlikuyu Cemetery in Istanbul.[6] His wife Sıdıka Su died on 18 October 2006. His son Ilgin Ruhi Su lives in Istanbul.[7] In 2009, his gravestone was shot by unknown parties.[8]

Albums

[edit]
  1. (1972) Seferberlik Türküleri Ve Kuvayi Milliye Destanı
  2. (1972) Yunus Emre
  3. (1972) Karacaoğlan
  4. (1972) Pir Sultan Abdal
  5. (1974) Şiirler – Türküler
  6. (1974) Köroğlu
  7. (1977) El Kapıları
  8. (1977) Sabahın Sahibi Var

After his death

  1. (1986) Pir Sultan'dan Levni'ye
  2. (1987) Kadıköy Tiyatrosu Konseri I
  3. (1987) Kadıköy Tiyatrosu Konseri II
  4. (1988) Beydağı'nın Başı
  5. (1988) Dadaloğlu Ve Çevresi
  6. (1989) Huma Kuşu Ve Taşlamalar
  7. (1990) Sultan Suyu "Pir Sultan Abdal'dan Deyişler"
  8. (1990) Ruhi Su performs Sufi Hymns by Yunus Emre and Pir Sultan Abdal
  9. (1991) Dostlar Tiyatrosu Konseri (Sümeyra Çakır İle Birlikte)
  10. (1992) Ankara'nn Taşına Bak
  11. (1993) Semahlar
  12. (1993) Çocuklar, Göçler, Balıklar
  13. (1993) Zeybekler
  14. (1993) Ezgili Yürek
  15. (1993) Ekin İdim Oldum Harman
  16. (1993) Uyur İken Uyardılar
  17. (1994) Barabar
  18. (1995) Aman Of

References

[edit]
  1. ^ 100 yaşında bir dev: Ruhi Su. Radikal. 5 September 2012. Retrieved 30 October 2013
  2. ^ Van Information. Turkey Travel Bazaar. Retrieved 30 October 2013
  3. ^ a b c Ruhi Su ölümünün 25. yılında anıldı. Etkin Haber Ajansı. 21 September 2010. Retrieved 31 October 2013
  4. ^ Ruhi Su Anıldı. Bianet. 24 September 2007. Retrieved 31 October 2013
  5. ^ Ruhi Su. Yüzyıllık öykü Bianet. 19 May 2012. Retrieved 17 January 2020
  6. ^ Odatv (15 May 2019). "40 yıl önce aynı hikaye... "Bu memleketin geni bu"". Odatv (in Turkish). Retrieved 9 June 2024.
  7. ^ Bianet 18 October 2006 [permanent dead link]
  8. ^ "Ruhi Su'nun anıt mezarına saldırı". Sabah.

Notes

[edit]
[edit]
  • Ruhi Su ile Birlikte Kırk Yıl: Sıdıka Su – web page (in Turkish)