Jainism in Bengal: Difference between revisions
Content deleted Content added
m Task 18 (cosmetic): eval 3 templates: hyphenate params (5×); cvt lang vals (1×); |
|||
| (10 intermediate revisions by 8 users not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2016}} |
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2016}} |
||
{{Short description|Overview of the history of Jainism in Bengal region of India}} |
|||
'''{{Use Indian English|date=August 2017}}''' |
'''{{Use Indian English|date=August 2017}}''' |
||
[[File:Sheetalnath Mandir full view.jpg|thumb|[[Calcutta Jain Temple]] |
[[File:Sheetalnath Mandir full view.jpg|thumb|The [[Calcutta Jain Temple]]]] |
||
{{Jainism}} |
{{Jainism}} |
||
Archaeological evidence shows Jainism was a significant religion in Bengal during the early historic period.<ref>Bibliography PC Bagchi, 'Development of Religious Ideas' in RC Majumdar (ed), History of Bengal, Vol-1, Dacca, 1968 (2nd edn);</ref> |
Archaeological evidence shows [[Jainism]] was a significant religion in [[Bengal region]] during the early historic period.<ref>Bibliography PC Bagchi, 'Development of Religious Ideas' in RC Majumdar (ed), History of Bengal, Vol-1, Dacca, 1968 (2nd edn);</ref> |
||
==Sarak== |
==Sarak== |
||
{{Main|Sarak}} |
{{Main|Sarak}} |
||
Saraks are a Jain community in [[Bihar]], [[Bengal]], [[Orissa, India|Orissa]] and [[Jharkhand]]. They have been followers of [[Jainism]] since ancient times; however, they were isolated and |
Saraks are a Jain community in [[Bihar]], [[Bengal]], [[Orissa, India|Orissa]] and [[Jharkhand]]. They have been followers of [[Jainism]] since ancient times; however, they were isolated and sain community in western, northern and southern India. |
||
According to Ramesh Chandra Majumder, the Jain scholar [[Bhadrabahu]], the second Louhacharya and the author of Kalpa Sutra may have come from the Sarak community.<ref name="kundu">{{cite book |title=Bangali Hindu Jati Parichay |trans-title=An Introduction of Bengali Hindu Castes |language=bn |last=Kundu |first=Santosh Kumar |year=2008 |publisher=Presidency Library |location=Kolkata |isbn=978-81-89466-13-8 |pages=273–275}}</ref> The Saraks were agriculturists and moneylenders having landed properties. |
According to Ramesh Chandra Majumder, the Jain scholar [[Bhadrabahu]], the second Louhacharya and the author of Kalpa Sutra may have come from the Sarak community.<ref name="kundu">{{cite book |title=Bangali Hindu Jati Parichay |trans-title=An Introduction of Bengali Hindu Castes |language=bn |last=Kundu |first=Santosh Kumar |year=2008 |publisher=Presidency Library |location=Kolkata |isbn=978-81-89466-13-8 |pages=273–275}}</ref> The Saraks were agriculturists and moneylenders having landed properties. |
||
| Line 27: | Line 28: | ||
! # || District || Total population || Jain population || % |
! # || District || Total population || Jain population || % |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| 1 || [[Kolkata district|Kolkata]] || 4,496,694 || |
| 1 || [[Kolkata district|Kolkata]] || 4,496,694 || |
||
254678 || 4.09% |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| 2 || [[Haora district|Haora]] || 4,850,029 || 9,699 || 0.20% |
| 2 || [[Haora district|Haora]] || 4,850,029 || 9,699 || 0.20% |
||
| Line 71: | Line 74: | ||
{| class="wikitable" |
{| class="wikitable" |
||
|+ Trends in Jain population of West Bengal<ref name="BPSR_2015">{{cite news |url=http://www.thestatesman.com/news/opinion/bengal-s-topsy-turvy-population-growth/93152.html |title= |
|+ Trends in Jain population of West Bengal<ref name="BPSR_2015">{{cite news |url=http://www.thestatesman.com/news/opinion/bengal-s-topsy-turvy-population-growth/93152.html |title=Bengal's topsy-turvy population growth |author=B.P. Syam Roy |newspaper=The Statesman |date=28 September 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160910125228/http://www.thestatesman.com/news/opinion/bengal-s-topsy-turvy-population-growth/93152.html |archive-date=10 September 2016 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> |
||
! Census year |
! Census year |
||
! % of total population |
! % of total population |
||
| Line 88: | Line 91: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
| 2011 || 0.06% |
| 2011 || 0.06% |
||
|}It is to ensure that the above mentioned data is incorrect while the actual percent is very high for jains and other religions those following Hinduism, Sikhism, Islam and others. So far my details and research the population is also wrong for the above mentioned cases. Thanks for your attention. Thank you. Edited by hindustani .. express |
|||
|} |
|||
== Temples == |
== Temples == |
||
<gallery> |
<gallery> |
||
File:Pakbirra Jain Shrine of Purulia 04.jpg|[[ |
File:Pakbirra Jain Shrine of Purulia 04.jpg|[[Pakbirra Jain temples]], [[Purulia district|Purulia]] |
||
File:Belgachhia Pareshnath Mandir (1).jpg|[[Belgachia#Jain Temple|Belgachhia Pareshnath Mandir]] |
File:Belgachhia Pareshnath Mandir (1).jpg|[[Belgachia#Jain Temple|Belgachhia Pareshnath Mandir]] |
||
File:Sat Deul 6.jpg|[[Sat Deul]], Deulia |
File:Sat Deul 6.jpg|[[Sat Deul]], Deulia |
||
| Line 104: | Line 107: | ||
==See also== |
==See also== |
||
{{Commons category|Jainism in Bengal}} |
{{Commons category|Jainism in West Bengal}} |
||
{{Portal|Religion|India}} |
{{Portal|Religion|India}} |
||
*[[Jain community]] |
*[[Jain community]] |
||
| Line 118: | Line 121: | ||
[[Category:Jain communities]] |
[[Category:Jain communities]] |
||
[[Category:Jainism in India]] |
[[Category:Jainism in India]] |
||
[[Category:History of |
[[Category:History of Bengal]] |
||
Latest revision as of 14:18, 18 June 2024
| Part of a series on |
| Jainism |
|---|
 |
Archaeological evidence shows Jainism was a significant religion in Bengal region during the early historic period.[1]
Sarak[edit]
Saraks are a Jain community in Bihar, Bengal, Orissa and Jharkhand. They have been followers of Jainism since ancient times; however, they were isolated and sain community in western, northern and southern India.
According to Ramesh Chandra Majumder, the Jain scholar Bhadrabahu, the second Louhacharya and the author of Kalpa Sutra may have come from the Sarak community.[2] The Saraks were agriculturists and moneylenders having landed properties.
They have continued to remain vegetarian even though this practice is uncommon among other communities in the region. Saraks have Parshva as a favored patron and recite the Ṇamōkāra mantra. The 24th Tirthankara Mahavira visited this region according to the Kalpa Sūtra.
The Saraks lost contact with Jains in the rest of India after its conquest by Ikhtiyar Uddin Muhammad bin Bakhtiyar Khilji. Contact with the Digambara Bundelkhand Jains was reestablished when the Parwars Manju Chaudhary (1720–1785) was appointed the governor of Cuttack by the Maratha Empire.
In 2009, more than 165 Sarak Jains living in parts of West Bengal, Bihar and Jharkhand visited the ancient Jain pilgrimage center of Shravanabelagola. A special function to welcome the Sarak Jains was organised at Shravanabelagola.[3]
Population[edit]
Population by district[edit]
Most of the Bengali Jains now live in the Indian state of West Bengal.
| # | District | Total population | Jain population | % |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Kolkata | 4,496,694 |
254678 || 4.09% | |
| 2 | Haora | 4,850,029 | 9,699 | 0.20% |
| 3 | North 24 Parganas | 10,009,781 | 4,452 | 0.04% |
| 4 | Puruliya | 2,930,115 | 3,052 | 0.10% |
| 5 | Murshidabad | 7,103,807 | 3,037 | 0.04% |
| 6 | 3,596,674 | 2,904 | 0.08% | |
| 7 | Hugli | 5,519,145 | 2,160 | 0.04% |
| 8 | Koch Bihar | 2,819,086 | 1,869 | 0.07% |
| 9 | Darjiling | 1,846,823 | 1,840 | 0.10% |
| 10 | Barddhaman | 7,717,563 | 1,674 | 0.02% |
| 11 | Paschim Medinipur | 5,913,457 | 1,550 | 0.03% |
| 12 | Jalpaiguri | 3,872,846 | 1,461 | 0.04% |
| 13 | Uttar Dinajpur | 3,007,134 | 1,324 | 0.04% |
| 14 | Birbhum | 3,502,404 | 1,152 | 0.03% |
| 15 | South 24 Parganas | 8,161,961 | 972 | 0.01% |
| 16 | Maldah | 3,988,845 | 639 | 0.02% |
| 17 | Purba Medinipur | 5,095,875 | 574 | 0.01% |
| 18 | Dakshin Dinajpur | 1,676,276 | 323 | 0.02% |
| 19 | Nadia | 5,167,600 | 281 | 0.01% |
| West Bengal (Total) | 91,276,115 | 60,141 | 0.07% |
Trends[edit]
| Census year | % of total population |
|---|---|
| 1951 | 0.08% |
| 1961 | 0.08% |
| 1971 | 0.07% |
| 1981 | 0.07% |
| 1991 | 0.05% |
| 2001 | 0.07% |
| 2011 | 0.06% |
It is to ensure that the above mentioned data is incorrect while the actual percent is very high for jains and other religions those following Hinduism, Sikhism, Islam and others. So far my details and research the population is also wrong for the above mentioned cases. Thanks for your attention. Thank you. Edited by hindustani .. express
Temples[edit]
-
-
-
Sat Deul, Deulia -
Banda Jain temple -
Deul at Charara -
Parshvanatha temple, Deulbhira -
-
Deul at Dharapat -
Panchayati Temple, Bara Bazar
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
See also[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Jainism in West Bengal.
Re[edit]
- ^ Bibliography PC Bagchi, 'Development of Religious Ideas' in RC Majumdar (ed), History of Bengal, Vol-1, Dacca, 1968 (2nd edn);
- ^ Kundu, Santosh Kumar (2008). Bangali Hindu Jati Parichay [An Introduction of Bengali Hindu Castes] (in Bengali). Kolkata: Presidency Library. pp. 273–275. ISBN 978-81-89466-13-8.
- ^ "> News Updates". Www.Jainheritagecentres.Com. 2 September 2009. Archived from the original on 23 December 2015. Retrieved 19 May 2012.
- ^ Population by religious community: West Bengal. 2011 Census of India.
- ^ B.P. Syam Roy (28 September 2015). "Bengal's topsy-turvy population growth". The Statesman. Archived from the original on 10 September 2016.