(Translated by https://www.hiragana.jp/)
Saul Adler: Difference between revisions - Wikipedia Jump to content

Saul Adler: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
Add links
→‎External links: Added category
Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit
 
(32 intermediate revisions by 22 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Short description|Israeli microbiologist}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2014}}
{{Infobox scientist
{{Infobox scientist
| name = Saul Adler
| name = Saul Adler
| honorific_suffix = {{post-nominals|size=100%|FRS}}
| native_name =
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| native_name_lang =
Line 10: Line 12:
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1895|05|17}}{{citation needed|date=September 2013}}
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1895|05|17}}{{citation needed|date=September 2013}}
| birth_place =
| birth_place =
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1966|01|25|1895|05|17}} <ref>http://www.academy.ac.il/Index2/Entry.aspx?nodeId=835&entryId=18377</ref>
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1966|01|25|1895|05|17}} <ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.academy.ac.il/Index2/Entry.aspx?nodeId=835&entryId=18377 | title=Prof. Shaul Adler }}</ref>
| death_place =
| death_place =
| resting_place =
| resting_place =
Line 33: Line 35:
| influences =
| influences =
| influenced =
| influenced =
| awards = [[Fellow of the Royal Society]]<ref name="frs">{{Cite journal | last1 = Shortt | first1 = H. E. | doi = 10.1098/rsbm.1967.0001 | title = Saul Adler 1895-1966 | journal = [[Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society]] | volume = 13 | pages = 1–07 | year = 1967 | pmid = | pmc = }}</ref>
| awards = [[Fellow of the Royal Society]]<ref name="frs">{{Cite journal | last1 = Shortt | first1 = H. E. | doi = 10.1098/rsbm.1967.0001 | title = Saul Adler 1895–1966 | journal = [[Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society]] | volume = 13 | pages = 1–07 | year = 1967 | doi-access = free }}</ref>
| signature = <!--(filename only)-->
| signature = <!--(filename only)-->
| signature_alt =
| signature_alt =
| website = <!-- {{URL|www.example.com}} -->
| website =
| footnotes =
| footnotes =
| spouse =
| spouse =
| children =
| children =
}}'''Saul Adler''' [[Royal Society|FRS]] ({{lang-he-n|שאול אדלר}}; May 17, 1895 – January 25, 1966) was an Israeli expert on [[parasitology]].<ref>Daniel Gavron: ''Saul Adler, Pioneer of Tropical Medicine. A Biography''. Rehovot: Balaban, 1997; {{ISBN|0-86689-045-9}}.</ref>
}}'''Saul Adler''' [[OBE]] [[Royal Society|FRS]] ({{lang-he|שאול אדלר}}; May 17, 1895 – January 25, 1966) was an Israeli expert on [[parasitology]].<ref>Daniel Gavron: ''Saul Adler, Pioneer of Tropical Medicine. A Biography''. Rehovot: Balaban, 1997; {{ISBN|0-86689-045-9}}.</ref>


==Early life==
==Early life==
Adler was born in 1895 in Kerelits ([[Karelichy]]), then in the [[Russian Empire]], now in [[Belarus]]. In 1900, he and his family moved to [[England]] and they settled in [[Leeds]]. He studied at [[University of Leeds]] and the [[Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine]].
Adler was born in 1895 in Kerelits ([[Karelichy]]), then in the [[Russian Empire]], now in [[Belarus]]. In 1900, he and his family moved to England and they settled in [[Leeds]]. He studied at [[University of Leeds]] and the [[Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine]].


One of his brothers was [[Solomon Adler]], the economist.
One of his brothers was [[Solomon Adler]], the economist.


==Career==
==Career==
[[File:Saul Adler. Photograph by Werner Braun. Wellcome V0027916.jpg|thumb|Saul Adler by Werner Braun]]
[[File:Saul Adler. Photograph by Werner Braun. Wellcome V0027916.jpg|thumb|Saul Adler by [[Werner Braun (photojournalist)|Werner Braun]], with a laboratory [[hamster]]]]
From 1917 until 1920, Adler served in the [[Royal Army Medical Corps]], attaining the rank of Captain, serving in the Middle East, where he developed his first taste into research into tropical medicine, which he commenced studying after his military service, initially in [[Liverpool]].<ref name=stamp>{{Cite web| title = Adler's Portrait on Israeli stamp and biography| url = http://www-personal.umich.edu/~szwetch/Stamps.of.Israel/3.html}}</ref> In 1921, Adler went to [[Sierra Leone]] to conduct research into Malaria.
From 1917 until 1920, Adler served in the [[Royal Army Medical Corps]], attaining the rank of captain, serving in the Middle East, where he developed his first taste into research into [[tropical medicine]], which he commenced studying after his military service, initially in Liverpool.<ref name=stamp>{{Cite web| title = Adler's Portrait on Israeli stamp and biography| url = http://www-personal.umich.edu/~szwetch/Stamps.of.Israel/3.html| access-date = 28 December 2009| archive-date = 3 March 2016| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160303180815/http://www-personal.umich.edu/~szwetch/Stamps.of.Israel/3.html| url-status = dead}}</ref> In 1921, Adler went to [[Sierra Leone]] to conduct research into Malaria.


In 1924, [[Chaim Weizmann]] offered him a job in [[Jerusalem]] to develop the new Institute of Microbiology. Later that year, he emigrated to [[Mandatory Palestine|Mandate Palestine]] and started working in [[Hadassah Hospital]], becoming director of the department of parasitology in 1927. In 1924, he became Assistant Professor of the Department of Parasitology at the [[Hebrew University of Jerusalem]], serving as Professor from 1928 to 1955.
In 1924, [[Chaim Weizmann]] offered him a job in Jerusalem to develop the new Institute of Microbiology. Later that year, he emigrated to [[Mandatory Palestine|Mandate Palestine]] and started working in [[Hadassah Hospital]], becoming director of the department of parasitology in 1927. In 1924, he became Assistant Professor of the Department of Parasitology at the [[Hebrew University of Jerusalem]], serving as Professor from 1928 to 1955.


In 1930, in conjunction with [[Israel Aharoni]], Adler had three Syrian [[hamsters]] brought back from [[Syria]] and successfully bred them as laboratory animals. This led to the [[domestication of the Syrian hamster]].
In 1930, in conjunction with [[Israel Aharoni]], Adler had three Syrian [[hamster]]s brought back from [[Syria]] and successfully bred them as laboratory animals. This led to the [[domestication of the Syrian hamster]].


In the 1940s he was a leader in developing a vaccine for [[leishmaniasis]] using live parasites, a practice widespread in Israel and Russia until the 1980s, when large-scale clinical trials showed that the practice led to long-term skin lesions, exacerbation of psoriasis, and immunosuppression in some people.<ref name=Palatnik2008>{{cite journal|last1=Palatnik-de-Sousa|first1=CB|title=Vaccines for leishmaniasis in the fore coming 25 years.|journal=Vaccine|date=25 March 2008|volume=26|issue=14|pages=1709–24|doi=10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.01.023|pmid=18295939}}</ref><ref name=Handman2001>{{cite journal|last1=Handman|first1=E|title=Leishmaniasis: current status of vaccine development.|journal=Clinical Microbiology Reviews|date=April 2001|volume=14|issue=2|pages=229–43|doi=10.1128/CMR.14.2.229-243.2001|pmid=11292637|pmc=88972}}</ref>
In the 1940s he was a leader in developing a [[leishmaniasis vaccine]] using live parasites, a practice widespread in Israel and Russia until the 1980s, when large-scale clinical trials showed that the practice led to long-term skin lesions, exacerbation of psoriasis, and immunosuppression in some people.<ref name=Palatnik2008>{{cite journal|last1=Palatnik-de-Sousa|first1=CB|title=Vaccines for leishmaniasis in the fore coming 25 years.|journal=Vaccine|date=25 March 2008|volume=26|issue=14|pages=1709–24|doi=10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.01.023|pmid=18295939}}</ref><ref name=Handman2001>{{cite journal|last1=Handman|first1=E|title=Leishmaniasis: current status of vaccine development.|journal=Clinical Microbiology Reviews|date=April 2001|volume=14|issue=2|pages=229–43|doi=10.1128/CMR.14.2.229-243.2001|pmid=11292637|pmc=88972}}</ref>


==Education==
==Education==
Line 64: Line 66:


==Honours==
==Honours==
* In 1933, [[Chalmers ]] of the [[Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene]] (London).
* In 1933, [[Chalmers Medal]] of the [[Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene]] (London).
* In 1944, elected Chairman of Free Faculty of Medicine of the [[Hebrew University of Jerusalem]].
* In 1944, elected Chairman of Free Faculty of Medicine of the [[Hebrew University of Jerusalem]].
* In 1947, received [[Order of the British Empire]] (OBE)
* In 1947, received [[Order of the British Empire]] (OBE)
* In 1957, awarded the [[Israel Prize]], for medicine.<ref name=prize>{{Cite web| title = Israel Prize Official Site - Recipients in 1957 (in Hebrew)| url = http://cms.education.gov.il/EducationCMS/Units/PrasIsrael/Tashyag/Tashkab_Tashyag_Rikuz.htm?DictionaryKey=Tashyaz}}</ref>
* In 1957, awarded the [[Israel Prize]], for medicine.<ref name=prize>{{Cite web| title = Israel Prize Official Site – Recipients in 1957 (in Hebrew)| url = http://cms.education.gov.il/EducationCMS/Units/PrasIsrael/Tashyag/Tashkab_Tashyag_Rikuz.htm?DictionaryKey=Tashyaz}}</ref>
* In 1957, elected [[Fellow of the Royal Society]] (London). He was the first Israeli citizen to be elected.
* In 1957, elected [[Fellow of the Royal Society]] (London). He was the first Israeli citizen to be elected.
* In 1965, awarded [[Honorary doctorate]] from the [[University of Leeds]].
* In 1965, awarded [[Honorary doctorate]] from the [[University of Leeds]].
* In 1966, received the [[Solomon Bublick Award]] of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.<ref>Telkes, Eva (1998). "Biographical Dictionary of the First Generation of Professors at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem." ''Bulletin du Centre de recherche français à Jérusalem''. Vol.&nbsp;2, p.&nbsp;115-125. [https://bcrfj.revues.org/4722 Online version] retrieved 2016-07-01.</ref>
* In 1966, received the [[Solomon Bublick Award]] of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.<ref>Telkes, Eva (1998). "Biographical Dictionary of the First Generation of Professors at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem." ''Bulletin du Centre de recherche français à Jérusalem''. Vol.&nbsp;2, p.&nbsp;115–125. [https://bcrfj.revues.org/4722 Online version] retrieved 2016-07-01.</ref>
* Awarded the [[Order of the Phoenix (Greece)|Order of the Phoenix]], ([[Greece]]).
* Awarded the [[Order of the Phoenix (Greece)|Order of the Phoenix]], ([[Greece]]).
* He also received the [[Tchernichovsky Prize]] for exemplary translation, for his translation of ''[[The Origin of Species]]'' by [[Charles Darwin]].
* He also received the [[Tchernichovsky Prize]] for exemplary translation, for his translation of ''[[The Origin of Species]]'' by [[Charles Darwin]].
Line 79: Line 81:
*A room in the Hebrew University of Jerusalem was built in his honour.
*A room in the Hebrew University of Jerusalem was built in his honour.
*His portrait appeared on a stamp in Israel in 1995.<ref name=stamp/>
*His portrait appeared on a stamp in Israel in 1995.<ref name=stamp/>
*He proposed that Charles Darwin's 'mystery illness' was Chagas Disease (American trypanosomiasis).<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Adler | first1 = Saul| authorlink1 = Saul Adler| title = Darwin's Illness | doi = 10.1038/1841102a0 | journal = Nature | volume = 184 | issue = 4693 | pages = 1102–1103 | year = 1959 | pmid = 13791916| pmc =2166551 }}</ref> Although this diagnosis has now been disproved, this proposal did much to excite interest in Darwin's chronic ill health.
*He proposed that Charles Darwin's 'mystery illness' was Chagas Disease (American trypanosomiasis).<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Adler | first1 = Saul| author-link1 = Saul Adler| title = Darwin's Illness | doi = 10.1038/1841102a0 | journal = Nature | volume = 184 | issue = 4693 | pages = 1102–1103 | year = 1959 | pmid = 13791916| bibcode = 1959Natur.184.1102A| s2cid = 4274062}}</ref> Although this diagnosis has now been disproved, this proposal did much to excite interest in Darwin's chronic ill health.


==Death==
==Death==
Line 93: Line 95:
==External links==
==External links==
* Eva Telkes: [http://bcrfj.revues.org/index4512.html Dictionnaire biographique de la première génération de professeurs de l’Université hébraïque de Jérusalem] / [http://bcrfj.revues.org/index4722.html Biographical Dictionary of the First Generation of Professors at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem] ''Bulletin du Centre de recherche français de Jérusalem'' 2.1998 (Sample entry: "Shaul" Adler).
* Eva Telkes: [http://bcrfj.revues.org/index4512.html Dictionnaire biographique de la première génération de professeurs de l’Université hébraïque de Jérusalem] / [http://bcrfj.revues.org/index4722.html Biographical Dictionary of the First Generation of Professors at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem] ''Bulletin du Centre de recherche français de Jérusalem'' 2.1998 (Sample entry: "Shaul" Adler).

==See also==
⚫
*[[List of Israel Prize recipients]]
*[[Who's Who (UK)|Who was Who]]


{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}
Line 104: Line 102:
[[Category:1966 deaths]]
[[Category:1966 deaths]]
[[Category:British emigrants to Mandatory Palestine]]
[[Category:British emigrants to Mandatory Palestine]]
[[Category:English Jews]]
[[Category:Medical doctors from Leeds]]
[[Category:English people of Belarusian-Jewish descent]]
[[Category:English people of Belarusian-Jewish descent]]
[[Category:Fellows of the Royal College of Physicians]]
[[Category:Fellows of the Royal College of Physicians]]
Line 112: Line 110:
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of the Phoenix (Greece)]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of the Phoenix (Greece)]]
[[Category:Israeli Jews]]
[[Category:Israeli Jews]]
[[Category:Jewish scientists]]
[[Category:Jewish British scientists]]
[[Category:Jews in Mandatory Palestine]]
[[Category:Jews from Mandatory Palestine]]
⚫
[[Category:People from Leeds]]
[[Category:People from Karelichy]]
[[Category:People from Karelichy]]
[[Category:Royal Army Medical Corps officers]]
[[Category:Royal Army Medical Corps officers]]
⚫
[[Category:Jewish physicians]]
[[Category:Israeli microbiologists]]
[[Category:Israeli microbiologists]]
[[Category:Imperial Russian emigrants to the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Jewish biologists]]
[[Category:Emigrants from the Russian Empire to the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Members of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities]]
[[Category:Members of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities]]
[[Category:Imperial Russian Jews]]
[[Category:Jews from the Russian Empire]]
[[Category:Solomon Bublick Award recipients]]
[[Category:Solomon Bublick Award recipients]]
[[Category:British Army personnel of World War I]]
[[Category:Alumni of the University of Leeds]]
[[Category:Burials at Har HaMenuchot]]
⚫
[[Category:Weizmann Prize recipients]]
[[Category:Immigrants of the Fourth Aliyah]]

Latest revision as of 00:50, 1 July 2024

Saul Adler
FRS
Born(1895-05-17)17 May 1895[citation needed]
Died25 January 1966(1966-01-25) (aged 70) [2]
Alma materLiverpool School of Tropical Medicine
University of Leeds
AwardsFellow of the Royal Society[1]
Scientific career
FieldsParasitology

Saul Adler OBE FRS (Hebrew: שאול אדלר; May 17, 1895 – January 25, 1966) was an Israeli expert on parasitology.[3]

Early life[edit]

Adler was born in 1895 in Kerelits (Karelichy), then in the Russian Empire, now in Belarus. In 1900, he and his family moved to England and they settled in Leeds. He studied at University of Leeds and the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine.

One of his brothers was Solomon Adler, the economist.

Career[edit]

Saul Adler by Werner Braun, with a laboratory hamster

From 1917 until 1920, Adler served in the Royal Army Medical Corps, attaining the rank of captain, serving in the Middle East, where he developed his first taste into research into tropical medicine, which he commenced studying after his military service, initially in Liverpool.[4] In 1921, Adler went to Sierra Leone to conduct research into Malaria.

In 1924, Chaim Weizmann offered him a job in Jerusalem to develop the new Institute of Microbiology. Later that year, he emigrated to Mandate Palestine and started working in Hadassah Hospital, becoming director of the department of parasitology in 1927. In 1924, he became Assistant Professor of the Department of Parasitology at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, serving as Professor from 1928 to 1955.

In 1930, in conjunction with Israel Aharoni, Adler had three Syrian hamsters brought back from Syria and successfully bred them as laboratory animals. This led to the domestication of the Syrian hamster.

In the 1940s he was a leader in developing a leishmaniasis vaccine using live parasites, a practice widespread in Israel and Russia until the 1980s, when large-scale clinical trials showed that the practice led to long-term skin lesions, exacerbation of psoriasis, and immunosuppression in some people.[5][6]

Education[edit]

  • University of Leeds, MB, ChB, Leeds, 1917;
  • Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, DTM, Liverpool, 1920;
  • MRCP 1937;
  • FRCP 1958.

Honours[edit]

Achievements[edit]

  • He helped find the cure for malaria.
  • A street in Jerusalem is named after him.
  • A room in the Hebrew University of Jerusalem was built in his honour.
  • His portrait appeared on a stamp in Israel in 1995.[4]
  • He proposed that Charles Darwin's 'mystery illness' was Chagas Disease (American trypanosomiasis).[9] Although this diagnosis has now been disproved, this proposal did much to excite interest in Darwin's chronic ill health.

Death[edit]

Saul Adler died in Jerusalem on 25 January 1966.[citation needed] His funeral was attended by the President of Israel.

Published works[edit]

  • In 1925, he published Sand Flies to Man, a book on the Transmission of Leishmaniasis.
  • In 1960, he translated Charles Darwin's The Origin of Species into Hebrew.

References[edit]

  1. ^ Shortt, H. E. (1967). "Saul Adler 1895–1966". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society. 13: 1–07. doi:10.1098/rsbm.1967.0001.
  2. ^ "Prof. Shaul Adler".
  3. ^ Daniel Gavron: Saul Adler, Pioneer of Tropical Medicine. A Biography. Rehovot: Balaban, 1997; ISBN 0-86689-045-9.
  4. ^ a b "Adler's Portrait on Israeli stamp and biography". Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 28 December 2009.
  5. ^ Palatnik-de-Sousa, CB (25 March 2008). "Vaccines for leishmaniasis in the fore coming 25 years". Vaccine. 26 (14): 1709–24. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.01.023. PMID 18295939.
  6. ^ Handman, E (April 2001). "Leishmaniasis: current status of vaccine development". Clinical Microbiology Reviews. 14 (2): 229–43. doi:10.1128/CMR.14.2.229-243.2001. PMC 88972. PMID 11292637.
  7. ^ "Israel Prize Official Site – Recipients in 1957 (in Hebrew)".
  8. ^ Telkes, Eva (1998). "Biographical Dictionary of the First Generation of Professors at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem." Bulletin du Centre de recherche français à Jérusalem. Vol. 2, p. 115–125. Online version retrieved 2016-07-01.
  9. ^ Adler, Saul (1959). "Darwin's Illness". Nature. 184 (4693): 1102–1103. Bibcode:1959Natur.184.1102A. doi:10.1038/1841102a0. PMID 13791916. S2CID 4274062.

External links[edit]

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Saul_Adler&oldid=1231923834"