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Adding short description: "Neurological examination for determining muscle tone in newborns" (Shortdesc helper)
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'''Arm recoil''' is a [[neurological examination]] of [[neonate]] for detecting the [[muscle tone]].<ref name="Wilkins" /><ref>{{cite book|last1=Murray|first1=Sharon Smith|last2=McKinney|first2=Emily Slone|title=Foundations of Maternal-Newborn and Women's Health Nursing - E-Book|date=2014|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences|isbn=9780323293846|page=406|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=plwMBAAAQBAJ&dq=Arm+recoil+neonate&source=gbs_navlinks_s|accessdate=8 November 2017|language=en}}</ref>
'''Arm recoil''' is a [[neurological examination]] of [[neonate]] for detecting the [[muscle tone]].<ref name="Wilkins" /><ref>{{cite book|last1=Murray|first1=Sharon Smith|last2=McKinney|first2=Emily Slone|title=Foundations of Maternal-Newborn and Women's Health Nursing - E-Book|date=2014|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences|isbn=9780323293846|page=406|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=plwMBAAAQBAJ&q=Arm+recoil+neonate|accessdate=8 November 2017|language=en}}</ref>


==Procedure==
==Procedure==
The baby is placed supine, with forearm flexed at elbow. The elbow (forearm) is extended by pulling the hand; then released.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Kacmarek|first1=Robert M.|last2=Dimas|first2=Steven|last3=Mack|first3=Craig W.|title=The Essentials of Respiratory Care|date=2005|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences|isbn=9780323027007|page=465|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RZJ5AAAAQBAJ&dq=Arm+recoil+neonate&source=gbs_navlinks_s|accessdate=8 November 2017|language=en}}</ref>
The baby is placed supine, with forearm flexed at elbow. The elbow (forearm) is extended by pulling the hand; then released.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Kacmarek|first1=Robert M.|last2=Dimas|first2=Steven|last3=Mack|first3=Craig W.|title=The Essentials of Respiratory Care|date=2005|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences|isbn=9780323027007|page=465|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RZJ5AAAAQBAJ&q=Arm+recoil+neonate|accessdate=8 November 2017|language=en}}</ref>


==Observation==
==Observation==
How quickly the forearm returns to flexed original position and the amount of flexion will designate a score.<ref name="Wilkins">{{cite book|last1=Wilkins|first1=Lippincott Williams &|title=Straight A's in Maternal-neonatal Nursing|date=2008|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|isbn=9781582556932|page=272|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MNn_ruRvtMkC&dq=Arm+recoil+neonate&source=gbs_navlinks_s|accessdate=8 November 2017|language=en}}</ref>
How quickly the forearm returns to flexed original position and the amount of flexion will designate a score.<ref name="Wilkins">{{cite book|last1=Wilkins|first1=Lippincott Williams &|title=Straight A's in Maternal-neonatal Nursing|date=2008|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|isbn=9781582556932|page=272|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MNn_ruRvtMkC&q=Arm+recoil+neonate|accessdate=8 November 2017|language=en}}</ref>


* Grade 0: Arms remain extended 180 degrees or abnormal movements begin
* Grade 0: Arms remain extended 180 degrees or abnormal movements begin
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==Conclusions==
==Conclusions==
The greater the tone development (flexor tone), the brisker the recoil will be.<ref name="Wilkins" /> This correlates to more advanced gestational age on the [[Ballard Maturational Assessment|Ballard Scale]]. <ref>{{cite journal|last=Ballard|first=JL|author2=Khoury, JC|author3= Wedig, K|author4= Wang, L|author5= Eilers-Walsman, BL|author6= Lipp, R|title=New Ballard Score, expanded to include extremely premature infants.|journal=The Journal of Pediatrics|date=September 1991|volume=119|issue=3|pages=417–23|pmid=1880657|url=http://www.jpeds.com/article/S0022-3476(05)82056-6/abstract|accessdate=13 August 2012|doi=10.1016/s0022-3476(05)82056-6}}</ref>
The greater the tone development (flexor tone), the brisker the recoil will be.<ref name="Wilkins" /> This correlates to more advanced gestational age on the [[Ballard Maturational Assessment|Ballard Scale]].<ref>{{cite journal|last=Ballard|first=JL|author2=Khoury, JC|author3= Wedig, K|author4= Wang, L|author5= Eilers-Walsman, BL|author6= Lipp, R|title=New Ballard Score, expanded to include extremely premature infants.|journal=The Journal of Pediatrics|date=September 1991|volume=119|issue=3|pages=417–23|pmid=1880657|url=http://www.jpeds.com/article/S0022-3476(05)82056-6/abstract|accessdate=13 August 2012|doi=10.1016/s0022-3476(05)82056-6}}</ref>


⚫
Leg recoil can be assessed following the same principle.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Ghosh|first1=Sibarjun|title=bedside clinics in paediatrics|publisher=Academic Publishers|isbn=9788189781859|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CQBw5HdeTAAC|accessdate=8 November 2017|language=en}}</ref>

⚫
Leg recoil can be assessed following the same principle.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Ghosh|first1=Sibarjun|title=bedside clinics in paediatrics|publisher=Academic Publishers|isbn=9788189781859|url=https://books.google.com/books/about/bedside_clinics_in_paediatrics.html?id=CQBw5HdeTAAC|accessdate=8 November 2017|language=en}}</ref>


==References==
==References==

Latest revision as of 23:29, 24 October 2020

Arm recoil
PurposeDetermining muscle tone in newborns

Arm recoil is a neurological examination of neonate for detecting the muscle tone.[1][2]

Procedure

[edit]

The baby is placed supine, with forearm flexed at elbow. The elbow (forearm) is extended by pulling the hand; then released.[3]

Observation

[edit]

How quickly the forearm returns to flexed original position and the amount of flexion will designate a score.[1]

  • Grade 0: Arms remain extended 180 degrees or abnormal movements begin
  • Grade 1: Minimal flexion, 140-180 degrees
  • Grade 2: Slight flexion, 110-140 degrees
  • Grade 3: Moderate flexion, 90-110 degrees
  • Grade 4: Quick return to full flexion, less than 90 degrees

Conclusions

[edit]

The greater the tone development (flexor tone), the brisker the recoil will be.[1] This correlates to more advanced gestational age on the Ballard Scale.[4]

Leg recoil can be assessed following the same principle.[5]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c Wilkins, Lippincott Williams & (2008). Straight A's in Maternal-neonatal Nursing. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 272. ISBN 9781582556932. Retrieved 8 November 2017.
  2. ^ Murray, Sharon Smith; McKinney, Emily Slone (2014). Foundations of Maternal-Newborn and Women's Health Nursing - E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 406. ISBN 9780323293846. Retrieved 8 November 2017.
  3. ^ Kacmarek, Robert M.; Dimas, Steven; Mack, Craig W. (2005). The Essentials of Respiratory Care. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 465. ISBN 9780323027007. Retrieved 8 November 2017.
  4. ^ Ballard, JL; Khoury, JC; Wedig, K; Wang, L; Eilers-Walsman, BL; Lipp, R (September 1991). "New Ballard Score, expanded to include extremely premature infants". The Journal of Pediatrics. 119 (3): 417–23. doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(05)82056-6. PMID 1880657. Retrieved 13 August 2012.
  5. ^ Ghosh, Sibarjun. bedside clinics in paediatrics. Academic Publishers. ISBN 9788189781859. Retrieved 8 November 2017.
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