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'''Elizabeth of Hungary''' ({{lang-hu|'''Erzsébet magyar hercegnő'''}}, {{lang-pl|'''Elżbieta węgierska'''}}; {{circa|1128}} – 21 July 1154), was a Hungarian princess member of the [[House of Árpád]] and by marriage [[Greater Poland|Duchess of Greater Poland]].
'''Elizabeth of Hungary''' ({{lang-hu|Erzsébet}}, {{lang-pl|Elżbieta}}; {{circa|1128}} – 21 July 1154) was a member of the [[House of Árpád]] and by marriage [[Greater Poland|Duchess of Greater Poland]].


She was the eldest child of King [[Béla II of Hungary]] by his wife [[Helena of Raška|Helena]], daughter of Duke [[Uroš I of Raška]], [[Grand Župan]] of [[Serbia]]. This parentage is confirmed in several web sources<ref>{{MLCC |warning=1 |url=http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/HUNGARY.htm#ElisabethMMieszkoIIIGreaterPoland |title-date= |title= HUNGARY: Elisabeth M Mieszko III Greater Poland|date=August 2012}}</ref> who followed the message of chronicler [[Jan Długosz]]; however, modern historians led by [[Oswald Balzer]] refuted this theory on basis of chronological reasons: if Elizabeth's marriage date is correct, she must have been only between 8 and 9 years old, an age which seems extremely young for a bride, even by the standards of the [[Middle Ages]]. Balzer assumed that Elizabeth was a daughter of [[Prince Álmos]], [[Duke of Croatia]] (father of King Béla II), a parentage which also is supported by further web sources.<ref>[http://wwperson.informatik.uni-erlangen.de/cgi-bin/llmult/LANG=engl/P=13002002 Genealogical database by Herbert Stoyan]</ref><ref>[http://www.angelfire.com/mi4/polcrt/PolRoyal.html Courtly Lives - Polish Royalty]</ref> The disadvantage of this hypothesis are the message of medieval chronicles (for example, the ''Chronicon Polono-Silesiacum''), who firmly established that Elizabeth was a daughter of the ''Hungarian King'', a title Álmos never used because he was only a prince. Another theory was proposed by [[Kazimierz Jasiński]]: in his opinion, Elizabeth was a daughter of King [[Stephen II of Hungary|Stephen II]]. Although sources indicated that because of his dissolute lifestyle, Stephen II didn't have any surviving children, according to Jasiński this messages are originated from a later period and don't deserve trust; also, it should be taken into account that frequently skipping for the chroniclers the birth of female offspring.<ref>Jasiński K., ''Rodowód pierwszych Piastów'', Warsaw-Kraków 1992, pp. 235-240.</ref>
She was the eldest child of King [[Béla II of Hungary]] and [[Helena of Raška]]. This parentage is confirmed in several web sources who followed the message of chronicler [[Jan Długosz]]; however, modern historians led by [[Oswald Balzer]] refuted this theory on basis of chronological reasons: if Elizabeth's marriage date is correct, she must have been only between 8 and 9 years old, an age which seems extremely young for a bride, even by the standards of the [[Middle Ages]]. Balzer assumed that Elizabeth was a daughter of [[Prince Álmos]], [[Duke of Croatia]] (father of King Béla II), a parentage which also is supported by further web sources. The disadvantage of this hypothesis are the message of medieval chronicles (for example, the ''Chronicon Polono-Silesiacum''), who firmly established that Elizabeth was a daughter of the ''Hungarian King'', a title Álmos never used because he was only a prince. Another theory was proposed by [[Kazimierz Jasiński]]: in his opinion, Elizabeth was a daughter of King [[Stephen II of Hungary|Stephen II]]. Although sources indicated that because of his dissolute lifestyle, Stephen II didn't have any surviving children, according to Jasiński this messages are originated from a later period and don't deserve trust; also, it should be taken into account that frequently skipping for the chroniclers the birth of female offspring.<ref>Jasiński K., ''Rodowód pierwszych Piastów'', Warsaw-Kraków 1992, pp. 235-240.</ref>


⚫
Around 1136, Elizabeth married with Prince [[Mieszko III the Old|Mieszko]], son of the Polish ruler [[Bolesław III Wrymouth]].{{sfn|Davies|2005|p=54}} The wedding was performed as a result of the agreement concluded a year earlier in [[Merseburg]]. Two years later (28 October 1138), Duke Bolesław III died; according to [[Testament of Bolesław III Krzywousty|his will]], Mieszko inherited the [[Greater Poland]] province and became in his first duke, with Elizabeth as his duchess.
== Life ==
⚫
Around 1136, Elizabeth married with Prince [[Mieszko III the Old|Mieszko]], son of the Polish ruler [[Bolesław III Wrymouth]]. The wedding was performed as a result of the agreement concluded a year earlier in [[Merseburg]]. Two years later (28 October 1138), Duke Bolesław III died; according to [[Testament of Bolesław III Krzywousty|his will]], Mieszko inherited the [[Greater Poland]] province and became in his first duke, with Elizabeth as his duchess.


Elizabeth and Mieszko had:
During her marriage, Elizabeth bore her husband five children, two sons —[[Odon of Poznań|Odon]] and [[Stephen of Greater Poland|Stephen]]— and three daughters —[[Elisabeth of Greater Poland (1152–1209)|Elizabeth]] (Duchess of [[Bohemia]] and Margravine of [[Lusatia]]), [[Wierzchoslawa Ludmilla of Greater Poland|Wierzchoslawa Ludmilla]] (Duchess of [[Lorraine (province)|Lorraine]]) and Judith (Countess of [[Anhalt]] and Duchess of [[Saxony]]).<ref>{{MLCC |warning=1 |url=http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/POLAND.htm#MieszkoIIIdied1202 |title-date= |title= POLAND: Mieszko III died 1202|date=August 2012}}</ref>
*[[Odon of Poznań|Odon]]{{sfn|Davies|2005|p=54}}
*[[Stephen of Greater Poland|Stephen]]
*[[Elisabeth of Greater Poland (1152–1209)|Elizabeth]] (Duchess of [[Bohemia]] and Margravine of [[Lusatia]]){{sfn|Davies|2005|p=54}}
*[[Wierzchoslawa Ludmilla of Greater Poland|Wierzchoslawa Ludmilla]] (Duchess of [[Lorraine (province)|Lorraine]]){{sfn|Davies|2005|p=54}}
*Judith (Countess of [[Anhalt]] and Duchess of [[Saxony]]){{sfn|Davies|2005|p=54}}


Elizabeth died in 1154 aged twenty-six. Nineteen years later, in 1173, her husband became [[List of Polish rulers|High Duke]] and overlord of all [[Poland]].
Elizabeth died in 1154 aged twenty-six.

==Ancestors==
{{ahnentafel
|collapsed=yes |align=center
|boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc;
|boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9;
|boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc;
|boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc;
|boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe;
|1= 1. '''Elizabeth of Hungary'''
|2= 2. [[Béla II of Hungary]]
|3= 3. [[Helena of Serbia|Helen of Serbia]]
|4= 4. [[Prince Álmos|Almos, Duke of Slavonia]]
|5= 5. [[Predslava of Kiev]]
|6= 6. [[Uros I of Serbia]]
|7= 7. [[Anna Diogenissa]]
|8= 8. [[Géza I of Hungary]]
|9= 9. Sophia
|10= 10. [[Sviatopolk II of Kiev|Grand Prince Sviatopolk of Kiev]]
|11= 11. Barbara of Bohemia
|12= 12. Marko
|13= 13. Sophia
|14= 14. [[Constantine Diogenes (son of Romanos IV)|Constantine Diogenes]]
|15= 15. Theodora Komnene}}


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}


==Sources==
⚫
{{authority control}}
*{{cite book |title=God's Playground A History of Poland |volume=1: The Origins to 1795 |first=Norman |last=Davies |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2005 }}


⚫
{{Authority control}}
⚫
{{DEFAULTSORT:Elisabeth of Hungary}}

⚫
{{DEFAULTSORT:Elizabeth of Hungary, Duchess of Greater Poland}}
[[Category:1120s births]]
[[Category:1120s births]]
[[Category:1154 deaths]]
[[Category:1154 deaths]]
[[Category:Year of birth uncertain]]
[[Category:House of Árpád]]
[[Category:House of Árpád]]
[[Category:Piast dynasty]]
[[Category:Piast dynasty]]
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[[Category:12th-century Hungarian people]]
[[Category:12th-century Hungarian people]]
[[Category:12th-century Hungarian women]]
[[Category:12th-century Hungarian women]]
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[[Category:12th-century Polish people]]
[[Category:12th-century Polish women]]
[[Category:12th-century Polish women]]
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[[Category:12th-century Polish people]]
[[Category:Daughters of kings]]

Latest revision as of 03:22, 18 July 2023

Elizabeth of Hungary
Duchess consort of Greater Poland
Tenure1138-1154
Born1128
Died21 July 1154 (aged 26)
SpouseMieszko III the Old
IssueOdon of Poznań
Stephen
Elizabeth, Duchess of Bohemia
Wierzchoslawa Ludmilla, Duchess of Lorraine
Judith, Duchess of Saxony
HouseHouse of Arpad
FatherBéla II of Hungary
MotherHelena of Raška

Elizabeth of Hungary (Hungarian: Erzsébet, Polish: Elżbieta; c. 1128 – 21 July 1154) was a member of the House of Árpád and by marriage Duchess of Greater Poland.

She was the eldest child of King Béla II of Hungary and Helena of Raška. This parentage is confirmed in several web sources who followed the message of chronicler Jan Długosz; however, modern historians led by Oswald Balzer refuted this theory on basis of chronological reasons: if Elizabeth's marriage date is correct, she must have been only between 8 and 9 years old, an age which seems extremely young for a bride, even by the standards of the Middle Ages. Balzer assumed that Elizabeth was a daughter of Prince Álmos, Duke of Croatia (father of King Béla II), a parentage which also is supported by further web sources. The disadvantage of this hypothesis are the message of medieval chronicles (for example, the Chronicon Polono-Silesiacum), who firmly established that Elizabeth was a daughter of the Hungarian King, a title Álmos never used because he was only a prince. Another theory was proposed by Kazimierz Jasiński: in his opinion, Elizabeth was a daughter of King Stephen II. Although sources indicated that because of his dissolute lifestyle, Stephen II didn't have any surviving children, according to Jasiński this messages are originated from a later period and don't deserve trust; also, it should be taken into account that frequently skipping for the chroniclers the birth of female offspring.[1]

Around 1136, Elizabeth married with Prince Mieszko, son of the Polish ruler Bolesław III Wrymouth.[2] The wedding was performed as a result of the agreement concluded a year earlier in Merseburg. Two years later (28 October 1138), Duke Bolesław III died; according to his will, Mieszko inherited the Greater Poland province and became in his first duke, with Elizabeth as his duchess.

Elizabeth and Mieszko had:

Elizabeth died in 1154 aged twenty-six.

References[edit]

  1. ^ Jasiński K., Rodowód pierwszych Piastów, Warsaw-Kraków 1992, pp. 235-240.
  2. ^ a b c d e Davies 2005, p. 54.

Sources[edit]

  • Davies, Norman (2005). God's Playground A History of Poland. Vol. 1: The Origins to 1795. Oxford University Press.
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