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'''William Williams''' ({{circa}}1803 – 26 April 1858) was an early settler in the [[Province of South Australia]], known for establishing the [[Walkerville Brewery]] and his work on the [[Kaurna language]]. He was Deputy Colonial Storekeeper for some time.
'''William Williams''' ({{circa}}1803 – 26 April 1858) was an early settler in the [[Province of South Australia]], known for establishing the [[Walkerville Brewery]] and his work on the [[Kaurna language]]. He was Deputy Colonial Storekeeper for some time.
==Early days in South Australia==
==Early days in South Australia==
Williams arrived in the new colony at [[Holdfast Bay]] on 8 November 1836 aboard {{ship||Africaine|1832 ship|2}}, one of the ships of the "[[First Fleet of South Australia]]".{{efn|name=fn1|He is not to be confused with William S. Williams (c. 1817 – 17 August 1859), also on the "[[First Fleet of South Australia]]" aboard ''Cygnet'', married Maria Wickham (1820 – 17 February 1872),<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article92270959 |title=Family Notices [Death notice for Maria]|newspaper=[[South Australian Chronicle And Weekly Mail]] |volume=XIV, |issue=706 |location=South Australia |date=24 February 1872 |accessdate=11 January 2021 |page=8 |via=[[National Library of Australia]]|quote=...relict of the late William Williams (who arrived in the ship Cygnet in 1836)}}</ref> with her parents aboard ''Africaine'', on 12 August 1839. This man's will & probate are available on [[FamilySearch]].<ref>[https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSFR-WPQL?i=126&cc=3007557 William Williams - Will - 19 September 1859](needs login)</ref>}}
Williams arrived in the new colony at [[Holdfast Bay]] on 8 November 1836 aboard {{ship||Africaine|1832 ship|2}}, one of the ships of the "[[First Fleet of South Australia]]".{{efn|name=fn1|He is not to be confused with William S. Williams (c. 1817 – 17 August 1859), William S. Williams married Maria Wickham (1820 – 17 February 1872). The death notice for Maria, 24 February 187 says ...relict of the late William Williams (who arrived in the ship Cygnet in 1836).2<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article92270959 |title=Family Notices |newspaper=[[South Australian Chronicle And Weekly Mail]] |volume=XIV, |issue=706 |location=South Australia |date=24 February 1872 |accessdate=13 January 2021 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}} </ref>. She arrived with her parents aboard ''Africaine'', on 12 August 1839. The will & probate for William S. Williams are available on [[FamilySearch]], signed with an "X", so he was almost certainly illiterate.<ref>{{cite web | title=William Williams - Will - 19 Sep 1859 | website=[[FamilySearch]]| url=https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSFR-WPQL?cc=3007557 | access-date=13 January 2021}} (needs login)</ref> According to Ing (2020), p.80 (see in Further reading below) he was a groom. "William Williams had immigrated on the Cygnet as a twenty-one-year-old servant to deputy-surveyor [[George Strickland Kingston]], but after arrival in South Australia he held the licence for the City Bridge Hotel, located opposite the [[Holy Trinity Church, Adelaide|Holy Trinity Anglican Church]] on [[North Terrace]]. He married Maria Wickham in 1839." In a [[lithograph]] of the "Old Colonists" Festival Dinner held at the rear of the City Bridge Hotel on 27 March 1851, there is a W. Williams listed as a steward.<ref>{{cite web | title=Old Colonists' Festival Dinner | website=[[State Library of South Australia]] | url=https://collections.slsa.sa.gov.au/resource/B+21360|format=Photo + text. | access-date=13 January 2021}}</ref> An account of this gathering mentions Williams, of the City Bridge Hotel, as caterer; and says that he was "the first [colonist] to drink Torrens water".<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article38441302 |title=The Old Colonists' Festival |newspaper=[[South Australian Register]] |volume=XV |issue=1360 |location=South Australia |date=22 February 1851 |access-date=1 March 2018 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref>}}


On 5 January 1837 Williams was appointed as a constable,<ref name=slsaphoto/> along with Joseph Lee, at an annual salary of ₤30, with William Archer Deacon as chief constable. He was sent with a commission comprising George Stevenson (secretary to [[Governor Gawler]], [[Thomas Bewes Strangways]] and Henry Jickling, to investigate disturbances on [[Kangaroo Island]] which had occurred in September 1836. The three constables were [[sworn in]] on 7 March 1837.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article191249152 |title=Historical Records of the Early Settlement on Kangaroo Island. |newspaper=[[The Kangaroo Island Courier]] |volume=XXIV, |issue=3 |date=24 January 1931 |accessdate=12 January 2021 |page=3 |via=[[National Library of Australia]]}} </ref><ref>{{cite web|url= https://sites.google.com/site/kipaview/history/obstreperous-kangaroo-island| title=Obstreperous Kangaroo Island|website=Kangaroo Island Pioneers Association|access-date=11 January 2021}}</ref> There were frequent drunken brawls owing to an abundant supply of [[rum]] on the island. However his appointment was terminated within about six months, in July of that year.<ref name=az>{{cite web | title=South Australia gets its first special /high constables for law and order from 1837 – soon after colony proclaimed| website=AdelaideAZ | url=https://adelaideaz.com/articles/adelaide-gets-first-special-constables-for-law-and-order-in-1837---a-month-after-south-australian-colony-proclaimed | access-date=12 January 2021}}</ref><ref name=slsaphoto/><ref>{{cite web | title=Police | website=Manning Index of South Australian History | publisher=[[State Library of South Australia]]|first=Geoff|last=Manning|author-link=Geoff Manning | url=https://manning.collections.slsa.sa.gov.au/sa/police/police.htm | access-date=12 January 2021}}</ref>
On 5 January 1837 Williams was appointed as a constable,<ref name=slsaphoto/> along with Joseph Lee, at an annual salary of ₤30, with William Archer Deacon as chief constable. He was sent with a commission comprising George Stevenson (secretary to [[Governor Gawler]], [[Thomas Bewes Strangways]] and Henry Jickling, to investigate disturbances on [[Kangaroo Island]] which had occurred in September 1836. The three constables were [[sworn in]] on 7 March 1837.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article191249152 |title=Historical Records of the Early Settlement on Kangaroo Island. |newspaper=[[The Kangaroo Island Courier]] |volume=XXIV, |issue=3 |date=24 January 1931 |accessdate=12 January 2021 |page=3 |via=[[National Library of Australia]]}} </ref><ref>{{cite web|url= https://sites.google.com/site/kipaview/history/obstreperous-kangaroo-island| title=Obstreperous Kangaroo Island|website=Kangaroo Island Pioneers Association|access-date=11 January 2021}}</ref> There were frequent drunken brawls owing to an abundant supply of [[rum]] on the island. However his appointment was terminated within about six months, in July of that year.<ref name=az>{{cite web | title=South Australia gets its first special /high constables for law and order from 1837 – soon after colony proclaimed| website=AdelaideAZ | url=https://adelaideaz.com/articles/adelaide-gets-first-special-constables-for-law-and-order-in-1837---a-month-after-south-australian-colony-proclaimed | access-date=12 January 2021}}</ref><ref name=slsaphoto/><ref>{{cite web | title=Police | website=Manning Index of South Australian History | publisher=[[State Library of South Australia]]|first=Geoff|last=Manning|author-link=Geoff Manning | url=https://manning.collections.slsa.sa.gov.au/sa/police/police.htm | access-date=12 January 2021}}</ref>

Revision as of 02:37, 13 January 2021

William Williams (c.1803–1858)

William Williams (c.1803 – 26 April 1858) was an early settler in the Province of South Australia, known for establishing the Walkerville Brewery and his work on the Kaurna language. He was Deputy Colonial Storekeeper for some time.

Early days in South Australia

Williams arrived in the new colony at Holdfast Bay on 8 November 1836 aboard Africaine, one of the ships of the "First Fleet of South Australia".[a]

On 5 January 1837 Williams was appointed as a constable,[5] along with Joseph Lee, at an annual salary of ₤30, with William Archer Deacon as chief constable. He was sent with a commission comprising George Stevenson (secretary to Governor Gawler, Thomas Bewes Strangways and Henry Jickling, to investigate disturbances on Kangaroo Island which had occurred in September 1836. The three constables were sworn in on 7 March 1837.[6][7] There were frequent drunken brawls owing to an abundant supply of rum on the island. However his appointment was terminated within about six months, in July of that year.[8][5][9]

Deputy Colonial Storekeeper

Williams was Deputy Colonial Storekeeper (an office involving responsibility for all government stores) to Thomas Gilbert, working at the "Government Iron Stores [on] Montefiore Hill".[5] The location of the Store was at the place known by the Kaurna people as Tininyawardli (or Tinninyawodli), which was just south of where Strangways Terrace was later built, in North Adelaide. It is near Piltawodli, which name has been adopted for Park 1 of the Adelaide parklands.[10]

Involvement with Kaurna people and language

Williams, along with James Cronk, who also arrived on Africaine, made a deliberate effort to find and communicate with the local Aboriginal people, the Kaurna, or "Adelaide tribe". He was observed to make friends with a group of local people near Glenelg within a couple of weeks of arrival, and Cronk made an effort to learn the Kaurna language early.[11] Both men were reportedly "great favorites of the natives",[12] and became designated interpreters by the colonial officials. On 1 November 1838 they both assisted Protector of Aborigines, William Wyatt when Governor Gawler first met the local people,[11] including Onkaparinga Jack and Captain Jack (a.k.a. Murlawirrapurka and Kadlitpinna, both native constables).[12][13]

His work entitled A vocabulary of the language of the Aborigines of the Adelaide district, and other friendly tribes, of the Province of South Australia was self-published in 1839, to be sold in London as well as Adelaide. In the preface, he writes respectfully and affectionately of the Kaurna people.[14] Williams also created a list of 377 Kaurna words, published in the Southern Australian on 15 May 1839 and republished in the The South Australian Colonist on 14 July 1840.[10] This list included eight Kaurna place-names from around the city, and three from the northern area,[15] including Patawalonga and Willunga.[16]

In April 1839, Williams accompanied police and Aboriginal trackers, including Kadlitpinna, as interpreter on an expedition to the Lyndoch Valley area to the north of Adelaide, to bring murderers of a shepherd called Duffield to justice. Williams' account of the expedition was published in the South Australian Gazette and Colonial Register in May.[17][15][18]

Career as merchant and brewer

Williams was the second person in the Province of South Australia to hold a liquor licence, applying for two licences on 16 June 1837 (one for wine, beer and other malt liquors, and the other for spirits), but was not the first brewer.[19] He first purchased a town acre in Hindley Street in May 1838, opening a pub called the Grazier's Hotel. He then started trading in cattle, and also did business in timber and land. His brother-in-law Edward Catchlove built a grander establishment named the Victoria Hotel. This was replaced a year later by an even more upmarket establishment of the same name built over the road (on the northern side, now no. 94 Hindley Street) and opened in March 1840, with the earlier building turned over to the South Australia Club, a private club for the elite. After leasing out the new Victoria, Williams traded in real estate on the Adelaide plains, building enough capital to build the Walkerville Brewery in 1847.[20]

Williams gained notoriety in 1851 for his obstruction to the formation of the Walkerville Anglican Church committee,[21] although according to the church website, Williams gave the land on which the church was built in 1848.[22]

Family

Williams married Jane Catchlove[5] (c.1811 – 20 April 1885[citation needed]) on 2 July 1837.[23] Jane arrived in South Australia in November 1836 aboard Tam O'Shanter with her father Edward William Catchlove and three brothers and sisters.[24][25] Henry Catchlove of Hindmarsh Brewery was an uncle.[citation needed]

William and Jane had eight children,[5] including:

Death

Williams died on 26 April 1858[26] in Sturt Street, destitute.[5] A subscription organised to benefit his widow and seven remaining children[27] was well patronised.[28]

Footnotes

  1. ^ He is not to be confused with William S. Williams (c. 1817 – 17 August 1859), William S. Williams married Maria Wickham (1820 – 17 February 1872). The death notice for Maria, 24 February 187 says ...relict of the late William Williams (who arrived in the ship Cygnet in 1836).2[1]. She arrived with her parents aboard Africaine, on 12 August 1839. The will & probate for William S. Williams are available on FamilySearch, signed with an "X", so he was almost certainly illiterate.[2] According to Ing (2020), p.80 (see in Further reading below) he was a groom. "William Williams had immigrated on the Cygnet as a twenty-one-year-old servant to deputy-surveyor George Strickland Kingston, but after arrival in South Australia he held the licence for the City Bridge Hotel, located opposite the Holy Trinity Anglican Church on North Terrace. He married Maria Wickham in 1839." In a lithograph of the "Old Colonists" Festival Dinner held at the rear of the City Bridge Hotel on 27 March 1851, there is a W. Williams listed as a steward.[3] An account of this gathering mentions Williams, of the City Bridge Hotel, as caterer; and says that he was "the first [colonist] to drink Torrens water".[4]

References

  1. ^ "Family Notices". South Australian Chronicle And Weekly Mail. Vol. XIV, , no. 706. South Australia. 24 February 1872. p. 8. Retrieved 13 January 2021 – via National Library of Australia.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
  2. ^ "William Williams - Will - 19 Sep 1859". FamilySearch. Retrieved 13 January 2021. (needs login)
  3. ^ "Old Colonists' Festival Dinner" (Photo + text.). State Library of South Australia. Retrieved 13 January 2021.
  4. ^ "The Old Colonists' Festival". South Australian Register. Vol. XV, no. 1360. South Australia. 22 February 1851. p. 3. Retrieved 1 March 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  5. ^ a b c d e f "William Williams[B 5839]" (Photograph and text.). State Library of South Australia. Retrieved 11 January 2021.
  6. ^ "Historical Records of the Early Settlement on Kangaroo Island". The Kangaroo Island Courier. Vol. XXIV, , no. 3. 24 January 1931. p. 3. Retrieved 12 January 2021 – via National Library of Australia.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
  7. ^ "Obstreperous Kangaroo Island". Kangaroo Island Pioneers Association. Retrieved 11 January 2021.
  8. ^ "South Australia gets its first special /high constables for law and order from 1837 – soon after colony proclaimed". AdelaideAZ. Retrieved 12 January 2021.
  9. ^ Manning, Geoff. "Police". Manning Index of South Australian History. State Library of South Australia. Retrieved 12 January 2021.
  10. ^ a b Amery, Rob. "Piltawodli Native Location (1838-1845)". German missionaries in Australia. Griffith University. Retrieved 8 December 2019.
  11. ^ a b Amery, Rob (2016). "4. A Sociolinguistic History of Kaurna". Warraparna Kaurna!: Reclaiming an Australian language. JSTOR Open Access monographs. University of Adelaide Press. p. 57-68. ISBN 978-1-925261-25-7. Retrieved 11 January 2021 – via JSTOR. (Also on Google Books.)
  12. ^ a b "George Milner Stephen". Kangaroo Island Pioneers Association. Retrieved 11 January 2021.
  13. ^ Stephen, George M. (27 November 1838). "Reply". The Australian. Vol. V, , no. 569. New South Wales, Australia. p. 2. Retrieved 10 January 2021 – via National Library of Australia.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
  14. ^ Williams, William (1839), A vocabulary of the language of the Aborigines of the Adelaide district, and other friendly tribes, of the Province of South Australia, Published for the author by A. Macdougall, retrieved 11 January 2021
  15. ^ a b Schultz, Chester (13 August 2020). "Karrawadlungga". Adelaide Research & Scholarship. University of Adelaide. Retrieved 12 January 2021.
  16. ^ Williams, William (14 July 1840). "The language of the natives of South Australia" (PDF). South Australian Colonist. 1 (19): 295–296. Retrieved 11 January 2021 – via Australian Cooperative Digitisation Project. Australian Periodical Publications 1840–1845. (Access page here.
  17. ^ "Apprehension of the Native Murders". South Australian Gazette and Colonial Register. Vol. II, , no. 68. 11 May 1839. p. 2. Retrieved 12 January 2021 – via National Library of Australia.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
  18. ^ Schultz, Chester (13 August 2020). "Karrawadlungga" (PDF). Place Name Summary (PNS) 9/04. ...with some more thoughts on the 'Wirra tribe'. and PART 3 of the 1839 Police expedition
  19. ^ "Liquor Trading in early South Australian History". Flinders Ranges Research. Retrieved 11 January 2021. With special thanks to Lance Merritt for his research.
  20. ^ "Adelaide Hotels - Facts - Adelaide Hills". LocalWiki. Retrieved 11 January 2021.
  21. ^ "Walkerville Church Case". Adelaide Times. Vol. II, no. 360. South Australia. 20 January 1851. p. 3. Retrieved 10 February 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  22. ^ "History". St Andrew's Church Walkerville. 6 February 2016. Retrieved 11 January 2021.
  23. ^ "An interesting compilation". The Register (Adelaide). Vol. LXVII, , no. 17, 511. 29 December 1902. p. 5. Retrieved 13 January 2021 – via National Library of Australia.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
  24. ^ "Proclamation day in 1836. The First Fleet". Adelaide Observer. Vol. LIII, , no. 2, 882. South Australia. 26 December 1896. p. 1 (Illustrated Supplement to the Adelaide Observer). Retrieved 13 January 2021 – via National Library of Australia.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
  25. ^ "Proclamation Day 1836". Yorke Peninsula: Past and Present. Retrieved 13 January 2021. (Transcript of the Observer article.)
  26. ^ "Family Notices". Adelaide Times. Vol. XII, , no. 2297. South Australia. 28 April 1858. p. 2. Retrieved 11 January 2021 – via National Library of Australia.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) }
  27. ^ "Provision for the Widow". South Australian Register. Vol. XXII, no. 3629. South Australia. 25 May 1858. p. 1. Retrieved 1 March 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  28. ^ "Advertising". Adelaide Observer. Vol. XVI, no. 869. South Australia. 29 May 1858. p. 1. Retrieved 1 March 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
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