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===Discount Stores===
===Discount Stores===
[[Ames (store)|Ames]]. [[Bradlees]] was part of the Stop ‘n Shop Companies which was a grocery chain also based in Mass. While there were Bradlees discount stores in the mid Atlantic region, with a buying office on Broadway in the garment center district in NYC; the grocery stores were only in the New England area. [[Caldor]], [[Service Merchandise]], [[Venture (department store)|Venture]], [[Woolco]], and [[Zayre]] were national discount stores that closed due to changes in shopping places and patterns, and/or large debt from [[mergers and acquisitions]].<ref name="MeTV">{{cite news |url=https://www.metv.com/lists/7-discount-stores-from-back-in-the-day-you-probably-forgot-existed |title=7 discount stores from back in the day you probably forgot existed |quote=Shopping isn't the same without Zayre, Ames and Woolco. |date=August 8, 2016 |author=MeTV Staff |publisher=[[MeTV]]}}</ref>
[[Ames (store)|Ames]]. [[Bradlees]] was part of the Stop ‘n Shop Companies which was a grocery chain also based in Mass. While there were Bradlees discount stores in the mid Atlantic region, with a buying office on Broadway in the garment center district in NYC; the grocery stores were only in the New England area. [[Caldor]], [[Service Merchandise]], [[Venture (department store)|Venture]], [[Woolco]], and [[Zayre]] were national discount stores that closed due to changes in shopping places and patterns, and/or large debt from [[mergers and acquisitions]].<ref name="MeTV">{{cite news |url=https://www.metv.com/lists/7-discount-stores-from-back-in-the-day-you-probably-forgot-existed |title=7 discount stores from back in the day you probably forgot existed |quote=Shopping isn't the same without Zayre, Ames and Woolco. |date=August 8, 2016 |author=MeTV Staff |publisher=[[MeTV]]}}</ref>

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=== National and regional ===
=== National and regional ===

Revision as of 04:25, 21 July 2022

This is a list of defunct department stores of the United States, from small-town one-unit stores to mega-chains, which have disappeared over the past 100 years. Many closed, while others were sold or merged with other department stores.

Department stores merged with Federated and May

Timeline of former nameplates merging into Macy's.

Many United States department store chains and local department stores, some with long and proud histories, went out of business or lost their identities between 1986 and 2006 as the result of a complex series of corporate mergers and acquisitions that involved Federated Department Stores and The May Department Stores Company with many stores becoming units of Macy's, Inc. The following is a list of the affected stores, including some local and regional stores that earlier had been absorbed into chains that became part of Federated, May, or Macy's.

Other department stores

Discount Stores

Ames. Bradlees was part of the Stop ‘n Shop Companies which was a grocery chain also based in Mass. While there were Bradlees discount stores in the mid Atlantic region, with a buying office on Broadway in the garment center district in NYC; the grocery stores were only in the New England area. Caldor, Service Merchandise, Venture, Woolco, and Zayre were national discount stores that closed due to changes in shopping places and patterns, and/or large debt from mergers and acquisitions.[2]

National and regional

Alabama

Alaska

Arizona

Arkansas

California

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware

District of Columbia

Florida

Georgia

Hawaii

Idaho

Illinois

Indiana

Iowa

Kansas

Kentucky

Louisiana

  • Beall-Ladymon (Shreveport), purchased from Horace Ladymon by Stage Stores, Inc. in 1994. Stores converted to Stage soon thereafter.
  • D. H. Holmes (New Orleans), purchased by Dillard's in 1989
  • Krauss, 1903–1997
  • Maison Blanche (New Orleans), last operated under that name by Mercantile Stores Co. Remaining Maison Blanche stores converted to Dillard's in 1998.
  • The Palace (Monroe)
  • Palais Royal (Shreveport), purchased by Wellan's of Alexandria 1985. Rebranded and later closed. Stage later revived the name after their purchase of Wellan's.
  • Selber Bros. (Shreveport), begun in 1907, purchased by and converted to Dillard's in 1988[166]

Maine

Maryland

Massachusetts

Michigan

Minnesota

Mississippi

Missouri

Montana

Nebraska

Nevada

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New York

North Carolina

North Dakota

Ohio

Oklahoma

Oregon

Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

South Carolina

J.B. White

South Dakota

Tennessee

Texas

Utah

  • Mervyns (the chain may come back, by the Morris decisions)
  • Fred Meyer
  • ZCMI (Zions Cooperative Mercantile Institution), founded and operated by the LDS Church until purchased by May Company (1999), became Meier and Frank in 2003, some stores sold to Dillard's, others became Macy's in 2005

Vermont

Virginia

Washington

West Virginia

Wisconsin

See also

References

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  2. ^ MeTV Staff (August 8, 2016). "7 discount stores from back in the day you probably forgot existed". MeTV. Shopping isn't the same without Zayre, Ames and Woolco.
  3. ^ "Korvettes Closes Its Last 17 Stores". New York Times. December 30, 1980. p. D3. Korvettes Inc. has closed its 17 remaining department stores, a company spokesman said. The chain, which operated 50 stores a year ago and which pared its staff to less than 3,000 from 11,000, shut down its remaining outlet on Christmas Eve. Alternate Link(subscription required) via ProQuest.
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  46. ^ "Walker's Store To Slice Cake Today". Los Angeles Times. October 7, 1926. p. A10. Alternate Link(subscription required) via ProQuest.
  47. ^ "Silver Jubilee On At Walker's: Fifth-Street Store Observes Twenty-Fifth Anniversary". Los Angeles Times. October 5, 1930. p. A3. Alternate Link(subscription required) via ProQuest.
  48. ^ "R. M. Walker Funeral Set: Company's Stores To Close Tuesday When Rites Will Be Conducted". Los Angeles Times. August 30, 1935. p. 12. Alternate Link(subscription required) via ProQuest.
  49. ^ "Walker's Store Sold: Owners of Building Pay $1,400,000 for Mercantile House". Los Angeles Times. September 1, 1937. p. A1. Alternate Link(subscription required) via ProQuest.
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  51. ^ "Walker's Start Building East Long Beach Store". Los Angeles Times. July 25, 1954. p. A6. Alternate Link(subscription required) via ProQuest.
  52. ^ "$4,000,000 Store Opens, In Long Beach Center". Los Angeles Times. October 23, 1955. p. E26. Alternate Link(subscription required) via ProQuest.
  53. ^ "H. F. Conrad Buys Long Beach Store". Los Angeles Times. June 2, 1953. p. 28. Alternate Link(subscription required) via ProQuest.
  54. ^ "Succumbs: R. M. Walker Dies In East; Merchant Identified With Growth of Los Angeles for Thirty-five Years; R. M. Walker Dies In East; Store Owner, Clubman and Philanthropist Stricken on Buying Trip". Los Angeles Times. August 29, 1935. p. 1. Alternate Link(subscription required) via ProQuest.
  55. ^ "Handsome Department Store.: New Steele-Faris-Walker Emporium Of Dry Goods Opened--Inspected by a Large Crowd". Los Angeles Times. October 3, 1905. p. II6. Alternate Link(subscription required) via ProQuest.
  56. ^ "New Head And Expansion.: Former Chicago Business Man Becomes President Of Fifth-Street Store". Los Angeles Times. February 7, 1909. p. II8. Alternate Link(subscription required) via ProQuest.
  57. ^ "Fifth Street Store To Start Building.: Big Broadway Project Will Represent Investment of Over Million and a Half Dollars. Fine Structure to Rise at Fifth and Broadway". Los Angeles Times. August 14, 1921. p. V1. Alternate Link(subscription required) via ProQuest.
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  86. ^ The Rotunda, Oakland
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  89. ^ Hayes, Elinor (August 17, 1960). "Kahn's Department Stores Changing Name to Rhodes". Oakland Tribune. Alternate Link(subscription required) via NewspaperArchive.com.
  90. ^ Allen, Annalee & Clausen, Edmund (2005). Oakland. Arcadia Publishing. p. 42. ISBN 9780738530147. OCLC 62146939.
  91. ^ Kern, James E. (2004). Vallejo. Arcadia Publishing. p. 121. ISBN 9780738529097. OCLC 56829052.
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  93. ^ Bormash, Isadore (August 29, 1970). "Liebes In A Move To Pay Its Debts: San Francisco Store Chain Files Under Chapter XI of Bankruptcy Act". New York Times. p. 45. Alternate Link(subscription required) via ProQuest.
  94. ^ Martin, Glen (January 31, 1995). "A Struggle for Downtown Petaluma / Stores closing as shoppers turn to malls". San Francisco Chronicle.
  95. ^ Burke, Kathy (March 11, 1976). "$1.5 Million Fire Destroys Landmark Pasadena Store". Los Angeles Times. p. 3. Alternate Link(subscription required) via ProQuest.
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  99. ^ Erdman, Ann (2010-03-04). "Mystery History - Solved". Pasadena PIO. City of Pasadena. Retrieved 2010-11-25.
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  101. ^ "Becomes Macy's, San Francisco". New York Times. October 17, 1947. p. 36. Alternate Link(subscription required) via ProQuest.
  102. ^ a b Kelley, Tim (June 30, 2011). "Historical Context Statement, Mid-Market Historical Survey, Conducted for The San Francisco Redevelopment Agency" (PDF). Tim Kelley Consulting.
  103. ^ "The Sensation of San Francisco! Prager's Retirement Sale", (advertisement)". San Francisco Call. 23 January 1921. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |url= (help)
  104. ^ LeBaron, Gaye (March 13, 2005). "Lamenting the loss of the independent department store". The Press Democrat.
  105. ^ "BACK IN THE DAY: Sage's fondly remembered in Riverside". The Press Enterprise.
  106. ^ "Vornado Inc., Food Giant Inc. OK Merger". Schenectady Gazette. September 30, 1967. p. 19.
  107. ^ "Vornado Realty Trust History". Funding Universe.
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  109. ^ O'Reiley, Tim (September 2, 1985). "Walker-Scott Purchase Part of Ratner Expansion". San Diego Business Journal. Vol. 6, no. 6. p. 5. Link(subscription required) via ProQuest.
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  111. ^ Ritter, Bill (November 8, 1986). "Walker-Scott to Close All 6 of Its San Diego Stores". Los Angeles Times.
  112. ^ Weinstein Company reports, 1938-1968. OCLC 174263692.
  113. ^ "Weinstein's Closes Its Big Store". San Francisco Chronicle. May 25, 1966.
  114. ^ Weinstein's Department 1041 Market San Francisco -Gallery -Geary
  115. ^ Kahn, Ava Fran, ed. (2002). "The One-Price Store of David Lubin and Harris Weinstock". Jewish Voices of the California Gold Rush: A Documentary History, 1849-1880. Wayne State University Press. pp. 375–378. ISBN 9780814328590. OCLC 44926858.
  116. ^ Kassis, Annette (2012). Weinstock's: Sacramento's Finest Department Store. The History Press. ISBN 9781609494445. OCLC 798058249.
  117. ^ "The White House, San Francisco, California". Retrieved Aug 13, 2020.
  118. ^ Emert, Carol (November 11, 1998). "Whole Earth Closing Last 3 Stores". San Francisco Chronicle.
  119. ^ Singh, Vinti (17 May 2010). "Former Danbury mom and pop stores remembered". The News-Times. Retrieved 9 Dec 2017.
  120. ^ https://www.metrojacksonville.com/article/2011-jan-remembering-furchgotts-department-store
  121. ^ "Liquidation sale held by Block's". WWD. Vol. 151, no. 112. June 10, 1986. p. 8. Block's, a chain of stores based here [Pocatello] for over 70 years, will close by June 21. The company, owned by Sy Block, president, is undergoing a liquidation sale and five of the 11 units are already closed. The chain's stores are in Idaho and Utah. At its peak, the chain had 14 stores. Link(subscription required) via ProQuest.
  122. ^ "Interco Strides Toward Third Successive Peak". Barron's. April 17, 1967. p. 29. Interco made its first diversification move in 1964, when it bought for 337,679 shares P.N. Hirsch & Co., a chain of junior department stores. At the time, Hirsch had 105 stores. At the 1966 year-end, the division ran 210 stores, located in 16 states in the Midwest, Northwest and South. Last year eight stores were opened in the Midwest. The Hirsch division is also busily expanding in other ways. In January 1966, it purchased four department stores in northern California from W.R. Carithers & Sons, Inc., and in February, the unit acquired all the capital stock of Idaho Department Store Co., Caldwell, Idaho, a chain of 25 stores. In September, Interco acquired Central Hardware Co. and its subsidiary, Witte Hardware Co. Central operates a six-store chain of supermarket-type hardware stores located in Greater St. Louis Link(subscription required) via ProQuest.
  123. ^ "Owners close Twin Falls store". Times-News (Idaho). April 18, 1984. p. B6. Idaho Department Store Co. is taking over the operations of an allied chain, P.N. Hirsch Co., after the sale of 275 Hirsch's 351 stores.
  124. ^ Papajohn, George (October 12, 1987). "McDade & Co. Going Out Of Business". Chicago Tribune.
  125. ^ "Businesses | Vigo County Public Library". www.vigo.lib.in.us. 22 July 2013. Retrieved Aug 13, 2020.
  126. ^ "Hartmarx sells deJong's". Daily News Record. December 4, 1990. Archived from the original on March 29, 2015 – via HighBeam Research.
  127. ^ Erler, Susan (November 16, 2007). "Fetla's Valpo store to close; Inventory not sold will go to store in Knox". The Times of Northwest Indiana.
  128. ^ Kasarda, Bob (November 17, 2007). "Fetla's falls to larger competitors; Store closing doors after more than 90 years". The Times of Northwest Indiana.
  129. ^ Bailey, Jim (September 5, 2009). "Jim Bailey: Giant Store, Kmart were earliest discount stores". Anderson Herald Bulletin.
  130. ^ Lane, James B. (1978). City of the Century: A History of Gary, Indiana. Indiana University Press. p. 202. ISBN 9780253111876. OCLC 3516434. gordon's department store in gary indiana.
  131. ^ Hamilton, Tom (September 30, 2009). "K & S Department Store". Kokomo Herald.
  132. ^ King, Susan E. (2005). Richmond. Arcadia Publishing. p. 51. ISBN 9780738539942. OCLC 62470806.
  133. ^ Hagan, Marylee (December 18, 2011). "Historical Treasure: Many memories of the downtown Meis Store". Terre Haute Tribune-Star.
  134. ^ "Meis plans opening in October". Kokomo Tribune. August 9, 1987. p. 4. Alternate Link(subscription required) via NewspaperArchive.com.
  135. ^ Podmolik, Mary ellen (November 21, 1986). "Meis chain to be mall tenant". Kokomo Tribune. p. 1. Alternate Link(subscription required) via NewspaperArchive.com.
  136. ^ "Signs mark switch to Elder-Beerman". Kokomo Tribune. November 24, 1989. Alternate Link(subscription required) via NewspaperArchive.com.
  137. ^ "No big changes planned at Meis". Kokomo Tribune. May 2, 1989. p. 2. Alternate Link(subscription required) via NewspaperArchive.com.
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  156. ^ "Pennsylvania-based Hess's buys Snyder's store chain". Bowling Green Daily News. 25 September 1987. p. 5–A.
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  174. ^ Billing's Five and Dime Store, East Midland Street, Bay City Michigan
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  179. ^ Getz's Department Store Dunn & Bradsteet
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  188. ^ 1940 View of Washington Avenue, Knepp's Dept. Store, Kresge's, Bay City, MI
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  194. ^ Businesses Wexford County Historical Society.
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  197. ^ "Then and Now". TC Arts Commission.
  198. ^ Geiger, Lynn. "Downtown Die-Hards: Long-Time Shop Owners On What Sets TC Apart, What Changes They'd Like To See". In Downtown Traverse City, Issue 2007 December.
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  200. ^ Arshad, Minnah (December 16, 2021). "Bill Mitzelfeld Department Store Owner Dies at 92". Detroit Free Press.
  201. ^ "Peek Through Time: Montgomery Ward 'anchored' Jackson's new Westwood Mall in 1972". 17 December 2014.
  202. ^ Peek Through Time: Montgomery Ward 'anchored' Jackson's new Westwood Mall in 1972 Jan. 20, 2019
  203. ^ Lansing Mall
  204. ^ Mall Hall of Fame Detroit
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  207. ^ "Montgomery Ward". 22 February 2015.
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  212. ^ Riddle, Julie (March 20, 2019). "Alpena Peebles to close". Alpena News.
  213. ^ Michigan State University. Alumni Association (1960). Michigan State University Alumni Association Magazine. Vol. 6. p. 22.
  214. ^ Sam's Cut Rate Detroit Historical Society
  215. ^ Baston, Verlinder. "Seitner's Department Store". Mid-Michigan Remembers Stories About Us. Delta College.
  216. ^ Old Stores waterwinterland.com
  217. ^ Flinn, Gary (November 29, 2008). "Remember when crowds flocked to downtown Flint for holiday shopping". Flint Journal.
  218. ^ The Department Store Museum, Bibliography
  219. ^ Lybrink, Cassandra (July 29, 2021). "Business: After eight decades, Teerman's will close entire store". The Holland Sentinel. Retrieved June 6, 2022.
  220. ^ "Scrapbook". Escanaba Historical Society.
  221. ^ "RRPC Post Card, The Fair Savings Bank Store, Escanaba, Michigan".
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  224. ^ Movements of Display Men. Vol. 44–45. November 1919. p. 46. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
  225. ^ Toeller Building Emporis
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  227. ^ Bonesteel, Joyce (May 8, 2016). "Built in 1870, the 'White Building' has graced downtown Lapeer for 142 years". The Lapeer County Press. Retrieved January 4, 2022.
  228. ^ "Stanley J. Winkelman, Department Store Executive, 76". The New York Times. 25 August 1999. Retrieved 2014-02-21.
  229. ^ "Wonderland Day at the Cove' Aug. 7". Retrieved June 7, 2022. Remember Wonderland discount department stores in Dowagiac and Niles?
  230. ^ Royce, Jessica (April 19, 2018). "Younkers stores in Midland, Bay County to close by end of summer". WNEM.
  231. ^ ]https://www.yelp.com/biz/younkers-marquette Younker's Marquette]
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  233. ^ "Equitable of Iowa Unit To Buy J.L. Brandeis For Up to $35 Million". Wall Street Journal (Eastern ed.). December 26, 1986. p. 1. Younkers Inc., a unit of Equitable of Iowa Cos., said it agreed to buy J.L. Brandeis & Sons Inc. Brandeis, owned by Alan Baer of Omaha, Neb., operates 11 department stores in Nebraska and Iowa. Alternate Link(subscription required) via ProQuest.
  234. ^ "Younkers To Buy 11 Brandeis Units". WWD. Vol. 152, no. 125. December 30, 1986. p. 2. Link(subscription required) via ProQuest.
  235. ^ "Brandeis Buys Gold; Gird to Battle Chains: Brandeis Buys Gold; Gird to Battle Chains". Women's Wear Daily. Vol. 108, no. 21. January 30, 1964. pp. 1, 44. J.L. Brandeis & Sons, Inc. has purchase Gold & Co. of Lincoln for an undisclosed amount of cash. The two largest family-owned independent department stores in Nebraska have joined, ostensibly to combat the inroads being made by chain competition. Brndeis, Nebraska's largest department store has six locations, all in Omaha. Gold's has a downtown store covering nearly a square block, plus a warehouse operation, It includes a supermarket and automotive service center. Brandeis owns the local Metropolitan Drug Co. Gold's was founded in 1902 by William Gold, grandfather of its president. Brandeis started business in 1880 by Jonas Brandeis, grandfather of it president. Link(subscription required) via ProQuest.
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  237. ^ "Gold & Co. Buys Rudge & Guenzel: Deal For Lincoln, Neb., Unit Of Allied Stores Said To Have Involved About $500,000—Closed For Inventory". Women's Wear Daily. Vol. 63, no. 110. December 4, 1941. p. 1. The Rudge & Guenzel has operated in Lincoln for 54 years. While official confirmation was not forthcoming at press time, it was reported that Gold & Co., Inc. have purchased only the stock and will not continue the operation of the store. Link(subscription required) via ProQuest.
  238. ^ "Store Closings Set By Federal's Chain". New York Times. December 27, 1972. p. 68. Alternate Link(subscription required) via ProQuest.
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  240. ^ Collins, Glenn (October 8, 1996). "Best Products to Shut 81 Stores and Let 4,500 Workers Go". New York Times.
  241. ^ "Retailer opened Bargain City". Toledo Blade. July 8, 2004.
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  245. ^ a b c d e f Brickey, Homer (October 2, 1984). "Cook United Stores Declare Bankruptcy". Toledo Blade. p. 23.
  246. ^ Grabowski, John J., ed. (July 21, 1997). "Bailey Co.". The Encyclopedia of Cleveland History. Case Western Reserve University.
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  249. ^ "Retailing Passes Donenfeld's By - Family Couldn't Find Buyer". Dayton Daily News. December 1, 1991. Alternate Link(subscription required) via NewsBank.
  250. ^ Gleaves, Rebekah (August 29, 2002). "Wild, Wild West: Once convicted of fraud and in debt to the IRS for a cool million, Steven West is some kind of businessman". New Times Broward-Palm Beach.
  251. ^ "Operation of New Stores To Aid Davidson Brothers". Barron's. Vol. 35, no. 2. January 10, 1955. p. 31. Link(subscription required) via ProQuest.
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  253. ^ Barmash, Isadore (September 8, 1988). "Kimco Buys Campeau's Gold Circle". New York Times.
  254. ^ "Goldman's store founder eulogized". Dayton Daily News. August 25, 2010.
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  256. ^ "Davidson Bros., Detroit, Buy Kobacker Stores". Toledo Blade. January 28, 1961. p. 15.
  257. ^ "4 Stores Bought By Davidson Bros.: Michigan Suburban Units of Sams, Inc., Acquired". New York Times. September 20, 1961. p. 41. Alternate Link(subscription required) via ProQuest.
  258. ^ "Davidson Bros. Buys Two Companies, Adding 14 Retail Units to Chain". Wall Street Journal. January 30, 1961. p. 13. Alternate Link(subscription required) via ProQuest.
  259. ^ Speck, William D. (2003). Toledo: A History in Architecture: 1914 to Century's End. Arcadia Publishing. p. 57. ISBN 9780738532042. OCLC 53886976.
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  261. ^ "Lima Store Is Sold To Dayton Chain: Leader Was Last Of Home-Owned Outlet In City". Toledo Blade. February 14, 1974. p. 1.
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  264. ^ "Born In A Barn". Sandusky Register. June 28, 1967. p. 12. Alternate Link(subscription required) via NewspaperArchive.com.
  265. ^ "Mr Wiggs' Payroll Has Grown To 470 At All Locations". Sandusky Register. June 29, 1967. p. 14. Alternate Link(subscription required) via NewspaperArchive.com.
  266. ^ "Mr. Wiggs Plans Department Store Here". Park City Daily News. August 30, 1970. p. 1.
  267. ^ "Mr. Wiggs has new Manager". Piqua Daily Call. April 17, 1975. p. 9. Alternate Link(subscription required) via NewspaperArchive.com.
  268. ^ "Revco Sets Purchase of Stores". Athens Messenger. February 2, 1971. p. 2. Alternate Link(subscription required) via NewspaperArchive.com.
  269. ^ "Mr. Wiggs Expands Present Site To 100,000 Sq. Feet". Sandusky Register. September 14, 1977. p. 11. Alternate Link(subscription required) via NewspaperArchive.com.
  270. ^ "Bargain Fair Takes Over Building". Sandusky Register. March 1, 1963. p. 16. Alternate Link(subscription required) via NewspaperArchive.com.
  271. ^ "2 Stores In Ohio Bought By Allied: Halle Sells Units In Canton For $1,250,000; Size Of One Will Be Doubled Companies Plan Sales, Mergers". New York Times. September 14, 1955. p. 49. Alternate Link(subscription required) via ProQuest.
  272. ^ "Allied Stores to Shed Polsky's Unit in Ohio, Sell Akron Properties". Wall Street Journal. November 2, 1978. p. 16. Alternate Link(subscription required) via ProQuest.
  273. ^ "Mr. Rattenberg is Progressive". Newark Advocate. January 22, 1910. p. 3. Alternate Link(subscription required) via NewspaperArchive.com.
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  292. ^ "Uhlmans Opens New Bowling Green Store". Bryan Times. January 22, 1965. p. 8.
  293. ^ Michaels, Dave (July 21, 2012). "Romney firm scored big in Texas with Stage Stores but exited years before its bankruptcy". Dallas News.
  294. ^ Winski, Joseph (March 8, 1980). "Fields agrees to buy six 'The Union' stores in Ohio". Chicago Tribune. p. N_B7. Alternate Link(subscription required) via ProQuest.
  295. ^ Davidson, Tom. "Valley View store closing for good". The Herald. Retrieved 2017-05-04.
  296. ^ Dunham, Tom (2012). Springfield, Ohio: A Summary of Two Centuries. Author House. ISBN 9781477261934. OCLC 857903032.
  297. ^ Humphrys, Mark. "Wren's Department Store, Springfield, Ohio". The genealogy site of Mark Humphrys.
  298. ^ Rockel, William Mahlon (1908). 20th century history of Springfield, and Clark County, Ohio, and representative citizens. Chicago: Biographical Publishing Co. OCLC 798059681.
  299. ^ "Charles E. Ziegler: Owned Ziegler's Department Store in Medina". Cleveland Plain Dealer. November 25, 2008.
  300. ^ Rutberg, Sidney (August 4, 1986). "Can John Wanamaker be turned into big money maker? (column)". Daily News Record. Archived from the original on October 23, 2012. Retrieved 2009-02-12 – via HighBeam Research.
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  302. ^ Hill, John. "Benny's to close all 31 stores by end of year". providencejournal.com. Retrieved 2017-12-26.
  303. ^ a b Sigafoos, R.A. (1979). Cotton Row to Beale Street: A business history of Memphis8. Memphis State University Press. ISBN 9780878700684. OCLC 5336899.
  304. ^ "Fedway Stores' Largest Unit Will Be in Corpus Christi". Wall Street Journal. December 11, 1951. p. 9. Alternate Link(subscription required) via ProQuest.
  305. ^ "Fedway Tribute Hailed In Texas: Lazarus Cites Population Movement to Smaller Cities, Warm Climates". New York Times. October 5, 1952. p. F12. Alternate Link(subscription required) via ProQuest.
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External links

Media related to Defunct department stores of the United States at Wikimedia Commons