Hearing (person)

The term hearing or hearing person, from the perspective of the mainstream English language culture, refers to somone whose sense of hearing is at the medical norm. From this point of view, someone who is not fully hearing has a hearing impairment or is said to be hard-of-hearing or deaf. The continuum of hearing ability tends to be broken down into fine graduations. Moving down the scale and further away from "normal", people are classed as hearing, and then slightly hard of hearing, moderately hard of hearing, severely hard of hearing, and finally deaf, or even severly deaf or stone deaf for the worst cases.

However, when examined in the context of deaf culture, the term hearing often does not hold the same meaning as when one thinks simply of a person's ability to hear sounds. In deaf culture, hearing, being the opposite of deaf (which is used inclusively - without the many graduations common to the mainstream culture), is often used as a way of differentiating those who do not view the deaf community as a language minority, do not embrace deaf values, history, language, mores and sense of personal dignity as the deaf do, themselves. Among language minorities in the United States, for example, groups such as Mexicans, Koreans, Italians, Chinese or deaf users of sign language, the minority language group itself has a "we" or "insider" view of their cultural group as well as a "they" or "outsider" view of who do not share the values of the group. So, in addition to using "hearing" to identify a person who can detect sounds, deaf culture uses this term as a "we and "they" distinction to show a difference in attitude between people who embrace the view of deaf people who use sign language as a language minority, and those who view deafness strictly from its pathological context.