List of Russian Earth scientists
This list of Russian Earth scientists includes the famous geographers, geologists, oceanographers, meteorologists, ecologists and other representatives of Earth sciences from the Russian Federation, the Soviet Union, the Russian Empire and other predecessor states of Russia.
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Alphabetical list
A
- Dmitry Anuchin, anthropologist and geographer, coined the term anthroposphere, determined the location of the Volga river source
B
- Karl Baer, naturalist, formulated the geological Baer's law on river erosion, co-founder of the Russian Geographical Society
- Lev Berg, determined the depth of Central Asian lakes, including Balkhash and Issyk Kul, a head of the Soviet Geographical Society
- Leonid Brekhovskikh, founder of modern acoustical oceanography, discovered the deep sound channel, the first to observe mesoscale ocean eddies
C
- Ivan Chersky, paleontologist, geologist and explorer of Siberia, explained the origin of Lake Baikal, pioneered the geomorphological evolution theory
- Pyotr Chikhachyov, early geographer and geologist of Central Asia, discovered Kuznetsk Coal Basin
Chersky
D
- Vasily Dokuchaev, founder of soil science, created the first soil classification, determined the five factors for soil formation
F
- Alexander Fersman, a founder of geochemistry, discovered copper in Monchegorsk, apatites in Khibiny, sulfur in Central Asia
G
- Boris Golitsyn, inventor of electromagnetic seismograph, the president of International Association of Seismology
- Grigory Gamburtsev, major Soviet seismologist, invented a number of seismological methods and devices
- Ivan Gubkin, founder of the Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas
Köppen
K
- Alexander Karpinsky, geologist and mineralogist, the first President of the Soviet Academy of Sciences
- Alexander Keyserling, naturalist, a founder of Russian geology
- Maria Klenova, a founder of marine geology, polar explorer
- Wladimir Köppen, meteorologist, author of the commonly used Köppen climate classification
- Stepan Krasheninnikov, geographer, the first Russian naturalist, made the first scientific description of Kamchatka
- Alexander Kruber, founder of Russian karstology
- Nikolai Kudryavtsev, author of modern abiogenic theory for origin of petroleum, coordinated oil and gas exploration in Siberia
- Leonid Kulik, meteorite researcher, the first to study Tunguska event
Middendorf
L
- Mikhail Lomonosov, polymath, suggested the organic origin of soil, peat, coal, petroleum and amber; forerrunner of the continental drift theory, pioneer researcher of atmospheric electricity
M
- Alexander Middendorf, zoologist and explorer, founder of permafrost science, determined the southern border of permafrost
- Pavel Molchanov, meteorologist inventor of radiosonde
- Ivan Mushketov, made the first geological map of Turkestan
O
- Vladimir Obruchev, geologist and explorer, author of the comprehensive Geology of Siberia and two popular science fiction novels,
Obruchev
P
- Mikhail Pomortsev, meteorologist, inventor of nephoscope
S
- Farman Salmanov, discoverer of giant oil fields in West Siberia
- Pyotr Semyonov-Tyan-Shansky, explorer of the Tian Shan Mountains, for 40 years the head of the Russian Geographical Society, prominent statistician and organiser of the first Russian Empire Census
- Nikolay Shatsky, made a comprehensive tectonic map of North Eurasia, introduced Riphean and Baikalian geological stages
- Pyotr Shirshov, polar explorer, founder of the Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, proved that there is life in high latitudes of the Arctic Ocean
Shokalsky - Yuly Shokalsky, the first head of the Soviet Geographical Society, coined the term World Ocean
T
- Aleksey Tillo, made the first correct hypsometric map of European Russia, coined the term Central Russian Upland, measured the lengths of main Russian rivers
- Andrey Tikhonov, mathematician and inventor of magnetotellurics in geology
V
- Vladimir Vernadsky, philosopher and geologist, a founder of geochemistry, biogeochemistry and radiogeology, creator of noosphere theory, popularized the term biosphere