User:Kepler1337/Human Lunar Return study
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NASA began its "Human Lunar Return study" in September 1995 to identify ways it could conduct future human spaceflight missions to the Moon. The final Human Lunar Return (HLR) briefing took place on August 7, 1996. The study was seen as laying "the foundation for human space activity over the next three decades."[1]
Mission
The study called for a mission lasting 16 days, 10 of which would be spent on the lunar surface[1]. The study baselined a lightweight architecture including an open-cockpit lunar lander weighing 4,565 kilograms (10,064 lb) including fuel. Components and crew for the mission would have been transported to the International Space Station (ISS) by two Space Shuttle flights. The HLR schedule called for the first mission to depart from the ISS in August 2001.[2]
Cost
The projected cost of the mission over the five year development timeline was $2.5 billion. The mission required two shuttle and three Proton launches to land two astronauts and a small habitat structure at Aristarchus crater.[3]
Radiation Concerns
A major concern with the mission was how to protect astronauts from radiation from cosmic rays and a possible solar particle event. A radiation study for the mission called for the hull of the lunar habitat to be at minimum 5 g/cm^2 thick with water or polyethylene.[1]
See also
References
- ^ a b c Wilson; et al. "Radiation Analysis for the Human Lunar Return Mission" (PDF). NASA.
- ^ Marcus Lindroos. "Lunar Base Studies in the 1990s". National Space Society.
- ^ "Human Lunar Return". Encyclopedia Astronautica.
- ^ Spudis, Paul; Lavoie, Tony. "Mission and Implementation of an Affordable Lunar Return" (PDF). NASA Technical Reports Server. Nasa. Retrieved 26 November 2016.
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Category:Human spaceflight Category:NASA oversight Category:Exploration of the Moon
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